25 New Biography Test Points: One article to solve the major difficulties of "The History of Chinese Journalism and Communication"!

Hello, the treasures of the 25 new biography graduate school entrance examination~ At this stage, I believe that many friends are crazy about endorsement, in the face of such detailed knowledge points in "High Score Notes", how to recite them efficiently and with high quality? Don't be afraid! Senior Luo updates the combed notes and test points for you.

There are two sections of tweets: the first part is the knowledge points of three stars and above, which is very important and requires everyone to memorize. It should be noted that the classification of each question type in this part is only for the convenience of everyone's review and use, and it does not mean that a certain knowledge point will only test a certain question type. The second part is one-star and two-star knowledge points, and it should be noted that one star and two stars do not mean that they are not important, but they just mean that they have not been tested before, and they will still be asked. Our advice is to memorize not to divide the star rating, and to memorize all the knowledge points.

Finally, I will teach you two ways to use it: one is to regularly tweet with this series, cover the keywords, and check your recitation by looking at the title. Second, in the last 2 months of review, you can write down each knowledge point silently for self-testing and output training. When writing silently, you only need to write out the general keywords.

The "History of Chinese Journalism and Communication" released this week is applicable to the following schools: Zheng University Master's Degree and Zheng University Master's Degree.

Note: This booklet is a combination of "General History of Chinese Journalism" (Fang Hanqi), and can be used by Zheng University master's students. At the end of the article, there is a PDF version to obtain, and this booklet is different from the version given by 25 "Complete Set of Materials"~

01 Samsung and above knowledge points and keywords

1. Ancient journalism

Explanation of terms:

• Ki-hsien
• Keywords: special media, symbols of journalism

• Concert in the courtyard
• Key words: irregular, official documents, political activities, and official collection and screening

• Dunhuang marching courtyard
• Keywords: Dunhuang excavation, Tang Dynasty, primitive state, no masthead, direct chief, self-collection, informal, official color

• Di Bao
• Keywords: Official Newspaper, Song Dynasty, Centralization, Regular Circulation, Government Officials

• Fixed-term system
• Keywords: censorship, censorship, not exceeding censorship, consolidation of the ruling order

• Private newspaper room
• Key words: the middle of the Ming Dynasty, copying and distributing the newspaper, printing, serving the economic foundation of feudalism

• Beijing News
• Keywords: public sales, for-profit, official newspapers, the most complete form of ancient Chinese newspapers

• Copy the door
• Keywords: unofficial, irregular, edict, local officialdom

Short Answer Essay:

• The "tabloids" of the Song Dynasty and the official ban on "tabloids".
• Key words: the earliest to appear, private newspapers, irregular, no fixed masthead, Northern Song Dynasty, well-informed, wide range of readers, breaking through monopoly, meeting the information needs of society

2. The introduction of modern newspapers and periodicals

Explanation of terms:

• Bee Chinese News
• Key words: the first foreign-language newspaper, Macao political situation, one year of seizure

• "The Monthly Biography of the East-West Foreign Examination"
• Keywords: Guangzhou, the secondary position of religion, "A Brief Treatise on Newsprint", Confucianism

• "Zilin West News"
• Keywords: Shanghai, longest, largest, English, comprehensive daily, defense of invasion of China, wide coverage, timely information, great social impact

• 《Declaration》
• Keywords: British merchant Mecha, the beginning of modern newspapers, CC newspapers, "encyclopedias" of modern history

Short Answer Essay:

• The background of the introduction of modern newspapers and periodicals to China
• Keywords: Imported, European, late, first

• "Cha Se Monthly Biography"
• Keywords: the world's/China's first modern Chinese journal, Mi Lian, Malacca, mission, Confucianism

• Features of the Declaration
• Keywords: Second Business Newspaper, The Beginning of Modern Newspapers, Mae Cha, Shanghai, "Encyclopedia"

• The historical role and influence of foreign newspapers in China on China's modern newspaper industry and the development of China's modern society
• Keywords: cultural aggression, promotion of cultural exchanges, development of national newspapers, training of journalists

3. The rise and development of the activities of the Chinese people running newspapers

Explanation of terms:

• Wang tao
• Key words: Modern newspaper thought, founder, first, newspaper political commentator, "Circulation Daily", newspaper style, "Yuanyuan Wenlu Outer Edition", newspaper style, and contribution to the development of journalism

• Circulation Daily
• Key words: Chinese people run their own business, the greatest influence, Wang Tao's main writer, political commentary as the soul, newspaper style

• Journal of Qiang
• Keywords: Kang Youwei, Shanghai Qiang Society, nature, content, position, business, newspaper environment

• Liang Qichao and Shanghai "Shiwu Bao"
• Keywords: Shanghai, Liang Qichao, "General Discussion on Law Change"

• Liang Qichao
• Keywords: newspaper propagandist, "Shi Ji Bao", has made significant contributions to the development of modern journalism

• "Newspaper Style"
• Key words: half-literate and half-white, easy to access, with feelings, colloquial and foreign language, Xinmin style

• Politicians run newspapers
• Keywords: politicians who run newspapers, political literacy, politicians run media

Short Answer Essay:

• An analysis of the early understanding of modern newspapers and periodicals by the Chinese people
• Keywords: Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan, Hong Renji, Wang Tao and Zheng Guanying

• The characteristics of the first batch of Chinese people to run their own newspapers and periodicals
• Keywords: subject, nature, content, position, business, newspaper environment

• Liang Qichao's news dissemination activities
• Keywords: "Universal Gazette", the first shot of the resurgence of speech, the pride of the world of speech

• The first time that the Chinese people ran a newspaper climax
• Key words: Chinese people-run newspapers, comprehensive newspapers and periodicals, political newspapers and periodicals

• The characteristics of the Restorationist newspapers and periodicals in the news business
• Key words: the precedent of the vernacular literary movement, the discussion between the narratives, the layout of the columns, the timeliness, and the cooperation of the text report

• The progressive role and historical contribution of the newspaper activities of the Restoration
• Key words: bourgeois enlightenment education, nationality and patriotism, promoting the reform movement, breaking through the ban on newspapers, improving the status of newspaper people, and the first upsurge of newspapers

4. Journalism and communication in the late Qing Dynasty

Explanation of terms:

• Xinmin Cong Bao
• Keywords: semi-monthly, Liang Qichao, Western bourgeoisie, improving national literacy

• Zheng Guangong
• Key words: famous newspaperman, "Kaizhilu", "so-called", novel ideas

• Ta Kung Pao
• Keywords: Modern Daily, Four No's Policy

• Sue reported the crime
• Keywords: Qing government, revolutionaries running newspapers, suppressing activities, promoting the development of the revolution

• "Vertical Three People", "Horizontal Three People"
• Keywords: "Minhu Daily", "Minhu Daily", "Minli Daily", "Zhonghua Minbao", "Republic of China News", "Minquan Daily"

Short Answer Essay:

• Zheng Guangong's newspaper activities
• Keywords: "World Public Welfare News", "Guangdong Daily", "There is a so-called newspaper"

• "Minbao"
• Keywords: Newspaper of the League, Tokyo, revolutionaries, national civil rights, people's livelihood, illusions about imperialism

• The great polemic between the revolutionaries and the royalists
• Keywords: national civil rights, people's livelihood, imperialist interference; The revolutionary road, the polemical force, relying on facts, disseminating widely, organizing preparations, and promoting the development of the revolutionary press

• The content and characteristics of the law at the end of the Qing Dynasty
• Keywords: capital sealing, no institutional guarantees, no right to sanction foreign newspapers in China

• Liang Qichao's journalistic thoughts
• Keywords: the period of reform, after the failure of reform

• The idea of the press of the bourgeois revolutionaries
• Key words: the role of newspaper propaganda, partisanship, public opinion creation and guidance, and attaching importance to public opinion

• Improvement of the work of the journalistic business
• Keywords: Newspaper form, flexible layout, emphasis on newspapers and periodicals, increase in the number of newspapers and periodicals, news photos

5. Journalism in the early years of the Republic of China

Explanation of terms:

• "Ugly Disaster Reporting"
• Keywords: Failure of the Second Revolution, Yuan Shikai, Suppression, Ugly Year

• Huang Yuansheng
• Keywords: Newspaper Wizard, Good at News Newsletter, "Four Abilities to Say" News Thought, "Far Away Posthumous Writings"

• Shao Piaoping
• Keywords: Character introduction + biography + evaluation

• Lin Baishui
• Keywords: Famous journalist, vernacular writing

• Zhang Jiluan
• Keywords: famous newspaperman of the Republic of China, taking over from Ta Kung Pao, the article is time-sensitive, predictable, and logical

Short Answer Essay:

• The reason for the prosperity of journalism in the early years of the Republic of China
• Keywords: old and abandoned, new construction, protection of the revolutionary party, "temporary newspaper law, party newspapers, over-prioritizing newspapers and newspaper people."

• A brief introduction to Yuan Shikai's control over the press and its resistance to the press
• Keywords: Asia Daily, bribery, persecution, Minli Daily, Sun Yat-sen, Liang Qichao

• Progressive performance in news business activities in the early years of the Republic of China
• Keywords: newsletters, supplements, photo reports, news agencies

Journalism and communication during the June and May Fourth periods

Explanation of terms:

• New Youth
• Keywords: May Fourth Period, Youth Magazine, Signs of the Rise of the New Culture Movement, Three Stages, Democracy, Science, Revolution

• The creation of the Weekly Review
• Keywords: May Fourth Period, with the "New Youth", small political and current affairs review newspaper, active public opinion leader

• Xiangjiang Review
• Keywords: Changsha, Mao Zedong, progressive students, the germination of united front thought

• Russian-Chinese News Agency
• Keywords: proletariat, 1920, Hua-Russian News Agency, Yang Mingzhai, Communist Party of China, Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

Short Answer Essay:

• The characteristics and significance of the proletarian journalism and communication in early China
• Key words: propaganda Marxism-Leninism, close integration with the founding of the party, creating a good start, representing the direction of progress

• Journalism reform
• Keywords: free discussion, political resumption, new style, supplement innovation, layout and editorial improvement

7. Journalism and communication during the founding of the Communist Party of China and the Great Revolution

Explanation of terms

• The Guide Weekly
• Key words: organ newspapers, weekly newspapers, public opinion struggle against imperialism, a beacon

• Abandon me
• Keywords: patriotic newspaper people, news empire, the four major newspaper people of the Republic of China, prosperous news and newspaper industry

Journalism and communication during the eight-year civil war

Explanation of terms:

• Red China News Agency
• Keywords: Provisional Central Government, News Agency, Ruijin, Xinhua News Agency

• Red China
• Keywords: Provisional Central Government, Organ Daily, Ruijin, New China News

• Fan Changjiang
• Keywords: Ta Kung Pao, Northwest Corner of China, Yuansheng Newsletter

• The Northwest Corner of China
• Keywords: masterpieces, exposing the crisis and corruption, truthful reporting of the Long March

• Edgar Snow
• Keywords: American writer, revolutionary base, "Red Star Shines on China", excellent journalist

• Red Star Over China
• Keywords: Snow, revolutionary region, Hu Yuzhi, excellent journalist

• Agnes Smedley
• Keywords: Germany, "China is fighting back", Zhu De, friends of the Chinese people

• Anna Louise Strong
• Keywords: United States, 3S, "One Fifth of Humanity"

• Ge Gongzhen
• Keywords: Journalism Expert, History of Chinese Newspaper Studies

• History of Chinese Newspaper Studies
• Keywords: Ge Gongzhen, History of Chinese Newspapers and Periodicals, Pioneering Work of Chinese Journalism History Research

Short Answer Essay:

• The characteristics and significance of the news and communication undertaking in the revolutionary base areas
• Key words: adapting to practical work, maintaining close ties with the masses, criticizing and praising them, popular writing, beginnings, revolutionary journalism, and party newspaper ideology

• A Brief Introduction to Shi Liangcai and the Declaration
• Key words: patriotic and progressive journalists, well-known newspapers, change of attitude, strengthening of journalism, reform of supplements, publication of books and periodicals, establishment of social and cultural undertakings

• Zou Taofen's Newspaper Activities and the "Taofen Spirit"
• Key words: press and publication work, six periodicals and one newspaper, Taofen spirit, ears, eyes and mouthpiece, obvious and cheerful

9. Journalism and communication during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

Explanation of terms:

• Jiefang Daily
• Keywords: first, large daily newspapers, rectification reform, proletarian journalistic theory, important contributions

• Xinhua news agency
• Keywords: Red China News Agency, Coming of Age, China's Most Influential Website

• Yan'an Xinhua Radio
• Key words: the beginning of the proletarian broadcasting industry, milestones, important documents of the Central Committee

• Xinhua Daily in Chongqing
• Keywords: Hankow, large organ newspapers, united anti-Japanese war, protracted anti-Japanese war, reasonable, advantageous, modest, violent inspection

• Foreign Flag Newspaper
• Keywords: foreign businessmen, Shanghai, contradictions, anti-Japanese war

Short Answer Essay:

• What is the reason and significance of the revision of Jiefang Daily?
• Key words: the whole party rectification, the whole party running the newspaper, promoting the rectification movement, practical work; The newspaper has a new look, the journalism undertaking has been reformed in depth, and the Marxist theory of party newspapers has been enriched

• The process of the rectification and reform of the "Liberation Daily".
• Key words: Central guidance, contact with the masses and the reality of work, the whole party running a newspaper, laying the foundation of proletarian journalism

• Jiefang Daily's achievements in rectification and reform
• Key words: the nature of the party newspaper, the whole party newspaper, the cultivation of party spirit, politics first, the eight shares of the opposition party, and the three major styles

• Our Basic Views on Journalism
• Keywords: Lu Dingyi, Liberation Daily, dialectical materialism, definition of journalism

• The significance and important experience of founding Xinhua Daily
• Keywords: Nationalist regional organ report, refusal to inspect movement

10. News and dissemination during the People's Liberation War

Explanation of terms:

• "The Third Way"
• Keywords: Fierce fighting between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, opposition to dictatorship (Kuomintang) and people's power (Communist Party), bankruptcy
• The anti-"Kelikong" movement
• Keywords: fake news, land reform reports, Jinsui Daily, criticism and self-criticism

Short Answer Essay:

• Anti-Japanese newspapers and periodicals during the "isolated island" period in Shanghai
• Keywords: "Translation Newspaper", "Daily Translation Newspaper", "Wen Wei Po", "Declaration", "News Newspaper"

• The "anti-censorship movement" and the struggle of the press for freedom of the press
• Keywords: press in the Kuomintang region, freedom of the press, Huang Yanpei, "The Return of Yan'an", joint statement on rejection of censorship, making concessions

• "Conversation with the editorial staff of Jinsui Daily"
• Key words: Mao Zedong, "Jinsui Daily", role and task, policy and line, party newspaper style, study and cultivation

• Liu Shaoqi "Conversation with the North China Press Group"
• Key words: Hebei Xibaipo, Liu Shaoqi, status and role, seeking truth from facts, four conditions for journalists

11. Basically complete the cause of news and communication during the period of socialist transformation

Short Answer Essay:

• What is the role and significance of continuing to emphasize and carry forward the party's fine tradition of journalistic work?
• Key words: contact with reality, contact with the masses, criticism, self-criticism

• The People's Daily reformed its journalistic work centered on revision
• Keywords: Expand the scope of reporting, free discussion, and improve the style of writing

12. Comprehensively build the news and communication undertakings in the socialist period

Short Answer Essay:

• Evaluation of Mao Zedong's journalistic thought after the founding of the People's Republic of China
• Key words: ideology, tools of class struggle, newspapers run by the whole party, newspapers run by the masses, public opinion is uniform, public opinion is not uniform

XIII. Journalism and communication during the Cultural Revolution

not

14. Journalism and communication in the past 30 years of reform and opening up

not

15. The rise of online media

Explanation of terms:

• Triple play integration
• Keywords: triple play, telecommunications network, radio and television network, Internet high-level business, interconnection

• Media convergence
• Key words: media interaction, resource sharing, organizational integration, capital integration, communication means integration, media form integration

Short Answer Essay:

• What do you think about the convergence of newspapers and networks?
• Keywords: necessity, measures, significance

16. Journalism and communication in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao since 1949

Explanation of terms:

• Ban
• Keywords: Taiwan, "limited permit", "limited sheet", "limited printing"

02 one-star and two-star knowledge points

• In what era did China's journalism and communication industry begin? How were ancient Chinese newspapers born?
• Proclamation and Lubu
• What are the characteristics of China's news dissemination activities in the pre-newspaper era?
• Concert Hall
• Concert in the courtyard
• Kaiyuan Miscellaneous
• Gendai "Komoto"
• The system of copying and distributing official newspapers in the Ming Dynasty
• Di Bao
• "Wanli Di Banknote", "Tianchang Di Banknote" and "Emergency Election Newspaper"
• Unveiling
• Flags and cards
• Copy the door
• "Miscellaneous Stories"
• Guangzhou Record
• Dechen Newspaper
• "Twin Newspapers"
• "Forever Clear"
• "Hong Kong Bow Price Paper"
• North China News
• "Liuhe Cong Talk"
• The Universal Gazette
• Shanghai News
• Several firsts regarding the use of telegraph/telecommunications by newspapers
• "Zilin Shanghai News"
• The News
• The rise of commercial newspapers and periodicals in modern Chinese
• The development of commercial newspapers and periodicals in modern Chinese
• 广学会
• Zheng Guanying
• 《弢(printing)园文录外编》
• Zhaowen Xinbao
• "Report"
• "Narrative"
• Kang Youwei and the "Universal Gazette", "Chinese and Foreign Chronicles"
• Zhixin Daily
• Tan
• Tang Caichang
• Xiangxue Xinbao
• Hunan Daily
• Yan fu
• "National News"
• A useful attempt at modern press legislation
• Qing Yi Bao
• China Daily
• Zhongxing Daily
• Newspaper activities for students studying in Japan
• The "Cixi New Deal" and the development of private journalism and communication in the late Qing Dynasty
• The bourgeois constitutionalist press had two stages of development
• The Times
• Zhang Tai Flame
• China Women's Daily
• Shenzhou Daily
• "Dajiang Daily" / "Dajiang Daily" case
• The development of local newspapers and periodicals in China after 1902
• "The Law of the Great Qing Dynasty"
• The newspaper ideas of the early bourgeois reformists
• The idea of the press of the bourgeois reformists (reformists).
• Yuan Shikai's control and bribery of various newspapers and periodicals
• The anti-Yuan struggle in the press
• Newspapers Ordinance
• Publication Law
• Telecommunications Regulations
• News Compilation Agency
• Guowen News Agency
• Liu Shaoshao
• Xu Binbin
• Hu Zhengzhi
• Chen Duxiu
• A brief review of Chen Duxiu's newspaper and periodical activities during the New Culture Movement
• Li Dazhao
• "Tianjin Student Federation Newspaper" - Zhou Enlai
• The reorganization of "New Youth".
• Communist Party Monthly
• "Labor"
• "Labor Voice"
• "The Laborer"
• Qiu Qiu Bai
• Peking University Journalism Research Association
• Xu Bao-hsien
• Practical Applied Journalism
• Cai and Sen
• New Youth Quarterly
• Striker monthly
• 《Forerunner》 Semi-monthly publication
• Chinese Youth
• Yun Daiying
• 萧楚女
• Labor Weekly
• Workers' Weekly
• The main characteristics of the early newspapers and periodicals of the Chinese Communist Party
• Politico Weekly
• Communist Party newspapers and periodicals and Communist Youth League newspapers and periodicals have initially formed a network
• Newspapers and periodicals in the mass movement of workers and peasants
• "Hot Blood Daily"
• The Struggle Against "Sincerity" / "Honesty Incident"
• Guowen News Agency
• How was the KMT's press system established?
• JoongAng Ilbo
• "中央通讯社"/"中央社"
• Central Radio
• Red Flag Daily
• The experience and lessons accumulated in the specific work of building the party newspaper
• Current Affairs Bulletin
• The Communist Party's press and communication undertakings actively propagated the anti-Japanese struggle to save the country
• The non-governmental newspapers and periodicals in the Kuomintang region actively advocated anti-Japanese resistance
• The Kuomintang authorities resisted the suppression of Japanese public opinion
• The Kuomintang party-run newspapers and periodicals pursued the Kuomintang's policy of non-resistance
• "New Life" incident
• Salvation Daily
• The Masses weekly
• China Young Journalists Association
• Chongqing newspapers joint edition
• International News Agency
• Famous overseas Chinese, Chinese-language newspapers and newspaper people in Hong Kong
• Overseas Chinese Chinese newspapers and newspaper people
• "Wencui" weekly
• Jinchaji Daily
• The strengthening of the role of the Xinhua News Agency and the development of military propaganda and reporting
• Mao Zedong's "Conversation with the Editorial Staff of Jinsui Daily" and Liu Shaoqi's "Conversation with the North China Press Group" contributed to proletarian journalism
• Public Sector Journalism Network
• People's Daily
• China News Service
• People's Radio
• The socialist transformation of private journalism
• General Information Administration
• "Postal Delivery"
• Study experience in Soviet journalism
• Propaganda reports on economic production
• Political and diplomatic propaganda reports
• Ideological and cultural propaganda reports
• Historical Background and Guidelines for Journalism Reform
• The reform of journalism is in full swing
• The Harvest and Significance of Journalism Reform
• Xinhua
• "Left Lobe Incident"
• Liu Shaoqi's evaluation of news thoughts
• Deng Tuo's Research on Journalistic Thought
• Cultural Revolution tabloids
• Beam effect
• Practice is the only criterion for testing truth
• "Mouthpiece Theory"
• "Huang Fuping" commented
• "Pearl River Model"
• "Dongguang Model"
• China Central Television
• Central People's Radio
• Power Forum
• Government microblogging
• "Fifth Media"
• What are the advantages of online public opinion supervision?
• Weibo
• Network ecosystem
• The positive impact of microblogging on the online ecosystem