1. Seedling fertilizer
The cultivation of green beans is mainly based on direct seeding. With the development of green bean cultivation technology in protected areas, the method of seedling transplanting has gradually become popular. The nutrient soil used in seedlings should be selected from the vegetable garden soil that has not been planted with green beans in 2~3 years, mixed with 4 parts of vegetable garden soil and 4 parts of rotted horse manure and 2 parts of rotted chicken manure, and then mixed with 2~3 kg of superphosphate and 0.5~1.0 kg of potassium sulfate per 100 kg of nutrient soil. Soil pH should be neutral or weakly acidic, soil acidity will inhibit the activity of rhizobia on acidic soil, lime can be applied to neutralize acidity, lime should be mixed with bed soil when applying lime, the dosage can not be too much, the dosage is large or unevenly mixed is easy to cause the volatilization of seedlings and ammonia, resulting in gas hazards.
2. Basal fertilizer
Green beans are fertilizer-loving crops in beans, and although they have nodules, they have weak nitrogen fixation. In the seedling stage when rhizobia is not developed, the available nutrients in the base fertilizer are used to promote the growth and development of plants, generally 4000~5000 kg of manure per mu, or 5000 kg of rotted organic fertilizer, 20~35 kg of superphosphate, and 100 kg of plant ash.
The amount of basal fertilizer of dwarf green beans can be appropriately reduced. The root system of green bean has a high requirement for soil oxygen, and the application of unrotted chicken manure or other organic fertilizer will lead to an increase in soil reducing gas, a decrease in oxygen, and a great impact on the yield of seed rot and premature aging of the root system. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection of completely decomposed organic fertilizer when applying base fertilizer, and it is not advisable to use too much nitrogen fertilizer as seed fertilizer.
3. Top dressing
20~25 days after sowing, when the flower sprouts of green beans begin to differentiate, if there is no sufficient base fertilizer, green beans show symptoms of lack of fertilizer, should be topdressed in time, about 1500 kg of 20%~30% biogas slurry per mu, and 4~5 kg of potassium sulfate can also be added to every 1000 kg of dilute manure. Early topdressing has an obvious effect on increasing yield, but applying too much nitrogen fertilizer at the seedling stage will make green beans grow, so whether to top dressing should be determined according to the growth of plants.
The nutrients of green beans in the flowering and podding stage are the largest, and the nutrients of the creeping varieties mainly come from the root absorption, some of which are transported from the stems and leaves, and the flowering and podding period is longer, while the nutrients of the dwarf varieties of green beans in the pod-setting stage are transported by the stems and leaves higher than those absorbed by the roots, therefore, the creeping varieties require more fertilizer than the dwarf varieties, and the number of fertilization should be increased accordingly. Generally, dwarf green beans are topdressed 1~2 times, and creeping green beans are topdressed 2~3 times. Each time 7~11 kg of urea and 10~15 kg of potassium sulfate are applied, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used for the last time is halved, and the amount of potassium fertilizer can also be halved or not applied.
4. Precautions
Green beans need fast-acting nutrients at the seedling stage, so the base fertilizer should be applied with well-rotted organic fertilizer, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the fertilizer should be turned into the soil, and then ridged. The amount of basal fertilizer in dwarf varieties is about 80% of that of creeping. However, it should be noted that adding too much nitrogen fertilizer to the base fertilizer will cause the stem and leaf tissues of the plant to be tender and long. For mulching cultivation, due to the inconvenience of top dressing, the amount of basal fertilizer should be increased appropriately compared with open field cultivation.
The scientific fertilization measures of green beans are introduced here, and I hope it will be helpful to everyone. If you want to buy high-quality and high-yield green bean seeds, you can download the seed bank app, and the country's excellent green bean varieties are available for everyone to choose.
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