The birth of a child is the hope and continuation of a family, carrying the love and expectations of a family. The health and IQ of children are a concern for everyone, after all, every parent wants their children to be smart, healthy and have a good future.
But do you know dad and mom, whose genes determine the IQ of children? The experts' answers were surprisingly consistent!
01·
The older generation often said that "my father is stupid, and my mother is stupid".
It means that if the father has a low IQ, there may be only one child with a low IQ; If the mother has a low IQ, she may give birth to a litter of children who are not smart.
Let's not say whether this sentence is reliable or not, many old people in our village especially believe in this sentence.
When the younger generations in the family are looking for a daughter-in-law, the old people demand that they must find a smart one. According to their original words: I would rather be ugly and poor than be unintelligent.
Why do the old people pay so much attention to the IQ of their daughters-in-law?
In addition to the folk saying "Dad is stupid, mother is stupid", but also because of Uncle Zhang's real experience.
Uncle Zhang, a shoemaker in our village, broke his leg when he was young, walked with a limp, and his family was poor, and he had not married a daughter-in-law in his 30s.
In order to pass on the lineage, Uncle Zhang married a stupid daughter-in-law and then gave birth to a stupid son.
The stupid son looks good and has a lot of strength, but he has a low IQ, and he can't add and subtract within 10 when he is middle-aged, and he can't speak clearly. At the age of 36, the stupid son married an ugly daughter-in-law.
Although the ugly daughter-in-law is ugly, her IQ is not low, and her EQ is also quite high, and she gave birth to a smart baby who looks like a stupid son in less than two years of marriage.
Now the smart baby is in junior high school, and her academic performance has always been in the upper middle of the class. In the past few years, under the careful management of the ugly daughter-in-law, Uncle Zhang's family has renovated the old house, bought a car, and lived a very prosperous life.
It can be said that the ugly daughter-in-law single-handedly changed the "stupid" genes and "poor" days of Uncle Zhang's family.
02.
According to a 2018 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, there is a significant association between IQ and genetic factors.
The study, which analyzed the genetic data and IQ test results of more than 1 million people, found that 40% of IQ could be explained by genetic factors.
The researchers also found that the heritability of IQ varies between different countries and regions, most likely due to differences in environmental factors and living conditions.
In other words, about 40% of a child's IQ is inherited by parents, and the remaining 60% or so is related to many external factors, such as environment, living conditions, education, nutritional intake, etc.
So, in genetic inheritance, who has a higher proportion of father and mother?
According to the study "Behavioral Genetics" published in 1982, the IQ correlation coefficient between father and child is 0.423, and the IQ correlation coefficient between mother and child is 0.464.
PS: The closer the IQ correlation coefficient is to 1, the higher the correlation between the IQ of parents and children.
From this data, it can be seen that children's IQ is affected by the genes of both parents, and the degree of influence is almost the same.
If you have to divide the winner and loser, the mother's influence will be higher.
Why? Let's start with a biological common sense.
Friends who have studied biology in high school know that the chromosome of women is XX, and the chromosome of men is XY. The fetus is formed by the combination of egg (X) and sperm (X/Y).
The egg and X sperm combine to give birth to XX girls; The egg and sperm Y are combined and the birth is Boy XY.
British human development scientists have shown that genes related to intelligence are mainly concentrated on the X chromosome. Mom has two X chromosomes, and dad has one X chromosome, and it can also be seen from here that mom will indeed have a greater impact on the child's IQ than dad.
In addition, it is also related to the mother's upbringing.
During the fetal period, the child is conceived in the mother's body, and the mother provides them with nutrition, environment and emotion; After birth, the mother will be accompanied more, so the mother's influence on the child is huge, not only in personality, habits, but also in IQ.
03.
A child's appearance is also influenced by the genes of the parents, which is determined by the basic principles of biology.
In the process of human inheritance, each parent passes on a set of genes to their children, and these genes control the child's physical characteristics, including physical appearance, physical abilities, and the risk of predisposing to certain diseases.
Genetics related to appearance include, but are not limited to: eye color, hair texture, hair color, skin color, face shape, nose shape, lip shape, and height, among others.
Some traits may be inherited directly from their parents, some traits may be the result of multiple genes, and some traits are influenced by intergenerational inheritance.
The most famous are Qi Wei's daughter Lucky and the grandson of the old artist Pan Changjiang.
Lucky's appearance can be said to have been inherited directly from his mother, and the mother and daughter are almost the same; Pan Changjiang's grandson is a representative of the inheritance of the next generation, his daughter Pan Yang avoided his genes, but his grandson was recruited, the facial features and face shape of the two people are very similar, and they are a family at first glance.
Let's talk about the inheritance of some traits, such as:
1. Eyes
A parent's eye color can affect a child's eye color. If one parent has blue eyes and the other has brown eyes, the child may have brown or blue eyes.
Single eyelids and double eyelids also have an effect. Generally speaking, double eyelids are dominant genes, single eyelids are recessive genes, and if one of the husband and wife has double eyelids, the chance of having a child with double eyelids will be very high.
2. Hair
A parent's hair color can affect a child's hair color. If one parent has a dark hair color and the other has a light hair color, the child may have a mid-tone hair color.
Baldness can also be hereditary. Fathers are bald, often the probability of children showing baldness is more than normal, especially sons, the probability of baldness is as high as 50%, and the probability of daughters is relatively low, about 20%.
3. Skin color
If one parent has a dark skin tone and the other has a light skin tone, the child may have an intermediate skin tone or may inherit the skin color of one of the parents.
My brother and I inherited my mother's white skin, and I inherited my parents' mid-tone complexion.
4. Height
Height is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, which account for about 60%-80% of height.
The genetic trait of height is controlled by several genes, including growth hormone genes, thyroid hormone receptor genes, and genes related to bone development.
The height of the parents affects the height of the child. If one parent is taller and the other is lower, the child's height may fall somewhere in between.
PS: Although genetic factors play an important role in the transmission of these traits, environmental factors, such as nutritional intake, sleep, exercise, lifestyle, etc., also play a significant role in the development of these traits.
Therefore, the genes of father and mother jointly determine the IQ and appearance of the child, is the answer the same as you think?
Some people say that raising a child is like drawing a blind box, and no one can say which child will be promising.
In fact, IQ and appearance are the same, even if they are siblings, there are differences in IQ and appearance. Instead of worrying about who your child's IQ looks like, it is better to create a good living environment for your child and help them grow up healthily!