As the name suggests, proteinuria means that the protein content in the urine exceeds the normal value, and the urine of a normal person contains a small amount of protein.
If the protein content in the urine exceeds 0.15g/24h, it should be paid attention to. So what's all about proteinuria?
1. Postural proteinuria
Most of the cases of orthostatic proteinuria are when people are standing to urinate, due to the compression of the left superior mesenteric artery and the angle of the aorta in the abdomen on the left renal vein, resulting in a high pressure in the left renal vein, resulting in a large amount of protein in the urine, which mostly occurs in tall and thin adolescents and children.
However, it is not necessary to monitor the increase in protein content in the urine once a day or once to proteinuria, and it is necessary to monitor the urine after waking up in the morning for three consecutive days and the urine after standing and moving for 4-6 hours. If you find that your urine is positive for protein after activity and negative for protein when you wake up in the morning, you have orthostatic proteinuria.
2. Functional proteinuria
If a person is engaged in physical exercise for a long time, stays in a relatively hot environment, or keeps the mood in a state of excessive tension and anxiety, it may lead to functional proteinuria.
However, this phenomenon is only temporary, as long as the patient is properly rested, relaxed, and in a suitable temperature environment, the sympathetic nervous system is kept in a stable state, and the phenomenon of proteinuria can be improved.
3. Pseudoproteinuria
Pseudoproteinuria is not true proteinuria, but is mostly caused by some reason that the urinary tract is mixed with blood, pus, semen, and prostate fluid, which is excreted with the urine and is measured as proteinuria during the examination.
4. Urinary tract infection
If the urethra is infected, the urothelial mucosa will also be damaged, resulting in the appearance of protein in the urine. In addition, patients may have elevated red and white blood cells, positive occult blood, and pus cells.
5. Diabetes
Diabetic patients who do not pay attention to controlling blood sugar within the normal range through diet and medication will lead to kidney function damage and kidney complications in the long run.
The main symptoms are proteinuria and occult blood in the urine, which is also the so-called diabetic nephropathy, which needs to be treated with drugs in time according to the specific situation.
6. Kidney disease
There are many types of kidney diseases, such as primary or secondary glomerulonephritis, congenital tubular and pyelonephritis, chronic nephritis, etc.
These conditions will lead to the destruction of the capillary wall of the kidney, and its permeability will increase and cause plasma protein to leak into the urine to cause urine protein, and renal tubular disease will also lead to a decrease in the filtration function of the kidney, and after the lesion of the renal tubulointerstitium, a large amount of protein appears in the urine.
7. Multiple myeloma
After multiple myeloma, the protein content in the low molecular weight of the patient's blood circulation will increase, and when it is filtered by the glomeruli, the protein content will far exceed the reabsorption capacity of the renal tubules, which will cause overflow proteinuria.
There are so many cases that cause proteinuria, it is best to distinguish the syndrome and treat, during the examination, if it is found that the quantitative urine protein within 24 hours is more than 3.5 grams, it is severe proteinuria, and the patient should also correct his bad habits while receiving treatment, and usually pay attention to rest to make the condition recover as soon as possible.