The card clothing specification of the carding machine is an important process parameter, and the movable cover plate is the main carding element, and its specification and model directly affect the carding production efficiency and product quality. There are many factors that affect the carding effect of the cover plate, such as the shape, angle, material, hardness, tooth density and arrangement form of the comb needle. In order to obtain better carding results, the selection of these parameters needs to be considered comprehensively.
First, the carding effect of different covers
1.1 Uniform density
The transverse and longitudinal needle planting density of the uniform cover plate comb needle is consistent, the transverse needle tip distance is greater than 0.7mm, and the steel wire is made of triangular steel wire or double convex steel wire. The ability to release and control fibers is average. By changing the angle, the ability to control the fibers can be increased or decreased. The needle planting method of the uniform cover comb needle is shown in Figure 1.
Fig.1. Needle planting method of uniform cover plate comb
1.2 Horizontal dense type
The cross-dense cover plate adopts a special needle planting method, and the horizontal needle tip distance of the card clothing is generally less than 0.5 mm. Since the base of the cylinder metal card clothing rack develops from wide to thin, the corresponding matching cover card clothing also needs to be transversely encrypted to increase the number of teeth of the fiber to be carded and improve the carding effect. The needle planting method of the uniform cover comb needle is shown in Figure 2.
Fig.2. Needle planting method of horizontal dense cover comb
1.3 Dense type
The sparse cover card clothing is divided into two types: transverse and longitudinal sparse, and the density of the comb needles is generally arranged in a curved arrangement of front and back density, transverse and longitudinal density. The carding effect of the fiber cover plate is gradually enhanced from moderation, which is conducive to reducing neps. Some of them are arranged in a twill arc, and the distance between the transverse needle tips is between 0.5-1.06mm, which is mainly suitable for low-grade cotton with high impurity content. However, when processing chemical fibers, fiber congestion is easy to occur, and there are more cotton drops.
1.4 Horizontal and dense gradient type
The various needle densities are transversely graded to facilitate the gentle carding of the fibers. It is characterized by the fact that the needle tip distance changes from large to small, and the needle tip density gradually increases, thereby reducing the raw nep, and the spinning cotton fiber has obvious advantages, but it has a certain impact on the impurity removal effect.
1.5 Vertical gradient type
The longitudinal gauge gradually becomes denser, making it easy to remove fine impurities in the fiber. It is characterized by horizontal carding and longitudinal impurity. This kind of longitudinal and horizontal densely arranged cover plate has an obvious effect on reducing the impurity of machine-picked cotton raw slivers and improving the uniformity of yarn drying.
Second, the new type of movable cover card clothing
HYPERTOP C-60与FHC-60盖板针布为格拉芙新型盖板。
(1) HYPERTOPTOP C-60 cover card clothing adopts conventional arrangement, the material is high-carbon and low-alloy special steel, the cross-sectional shape is triangular, the base cloth is six layers of rubber surface grade B, the needle height is 8 mm, the working angle is 66°, and the needle density is 450-500 needles/(25.4 mm) 2, 550-600 needles/(25.4 mm) 2.
(2) FHC-60 cover card clothing is made of wear-resistant alloy steel, the cross-sectional shape of the comb needle is double-convex, the base cloth is six-layer rubber surface grade C, the needle height is 6.5mm, the working angle is 64°, and the needle density is 600 needles / (25.4 mm) 2. The comb needles are gradually arranged, which has a longer service life and can effectively reduce the hanging flowers and stuffing. A comparison of the two types of card clothing is shown in Figure 3.
Fig.3 Structure of FHC-60 and C-60 card clothing
3. Use Practice
In order to verify the carding effect of the new cover, we conducted a comparative study on the use of two different materials and specifications of carded card clothing.
On the JWF1211 card, the conventional C-60 card clothing is compared with the FHC-60 card clothing. Under the same production conditions, a certain number of 40 yarns were produced with conventional card clothing for testing, and then the same number of 40 yarns was continued to be produced with new card clothing for testing, and then the two sets of test data were compared and analyzed. The process parameters of the carding machine are shown in Table 1, and the test comparison data are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 Process parameters of carding machine
Table 2 Experimental data of C-55 cover card clothing
From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that compared with the C-60 cover, the fiber nep of the HFC-60 cover is reduced from 64 (grains/g) to 51 (grains/g), and the reduction ratio reaches more than 20%; The ≤ 16mm short linter rate decreased from 7.3 to 7%, the decrease ratio reached 4.1%, and the cover flower rate decreased from 3.3% to 2.77%, the decrease ratio reached 16.1%. This shows that the quality of HFC-60 cover is significantly improved compared with that of C-60 cover, and the fiber nep exclusion rate is greatly improved, which effectively protects the fiber, reduces the fiber damage, and reduces the flower rate of the cover.
IV. Conclusion
It has been proved in production practice that the HFC-60 movable cover card clothing adopts the multi-zone carding needle method, which can increase the carding strength, which is conducive to improving the nep exclusion ability of short selves, reducing fiber damage, reducing cotton consumption, and improving the yarn quality.
Source: Xinjiang Dongchunxing Textile Co., Ltd. Li Yuhu, Yang Chao, Zhang Fengqi, Shi Fenfen, Xinjiang University, Cao Yusheng
Editor: China Yarn Network New Media Team
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