Strengthening crop pest control is an urgent need for modern agriculture. The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is one of the most important pests of potatoes and is causing huge economic losses to countries around the world, despite the current use of chemical pesticides. Globally, 18.1 million hectares are planted with an average yield of 20.7 tonnes/ha, according to FAO data for 2021. The annual production of potatoes is 376 million tons, with a value of about 90 billion US dollars. However, up to 70% of annual losses due to CPBs and other potato pests can cause economic losses of $63 billion.
Currently, crops are protected from CPB through the use of pesticides that have harmful effects on the environment and human health. Alternatives to chemical insecticides include sprays using different formulations based on protein endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis: Bt toxin, preparations based on spinosadin, neem extract or natural pyrethroids. In 1996, genetically modified potatoes expressing the Bt toxins Cry1Ia1 and Cry3Aa were also introduced as an alternative to chemical pesticides; However, due to various issues such as the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, the change in the marketing direction of biotech companies, and the lack of consumer acceptance, these potatoes have not been promoted on a large scale in the market. New varieties of Bt potatoes are currently being tested in China, and the production of genetically modified varieties is seen as one of the most effective ways to reduce crop damage from CPB in the long term.
为了发现和开发新的、环保的和人类友好的生物杀虫剂以控制CPB,源自食用平菇的脂质结合蛋白最近引起了人们的极大兴趣。 2024年5月10日,Plant Biotechnology Journal在线发表了一篇题为“Protein complexes from edible mushrooms as a sustainable potato protection against coleopteran pests” 的研究论文。 研究人员解析了在马铃薯植物中生产生物杀虫复合物PlyA2/PlyB的策略,并验证了转基因马铃薯对CPB具有抗性。
A protein complex from edible oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.), composed of PlyA2 and PlyB, exerts toxicity in feeding assays against Colorado potato beetle (CPB) larvae, acting through interactions with insect-specific membranous sphingolipids. The researchers proposed a new crop protection strategy based on the production of PlyA2/PlyB protein complex in plants, and created a transgenic potato plant with PlyA2/PlyB protein complex. Transgenic potatoes with PlyA2 directed to vacuoles and PlyB directed to endoplasmic reticulum effectively protected them from CPB larvae without affecting plant performance. These transgenic plants showed a significant effect on larval feeding rates, with larvae feeding on transgenic plants being on average five to six times lighter than those feeding on control plants. In addition, only a small fraction (11%–37%) of larvae that feed on genetically modified potato plants complete their life cycle and develop into adult beetles. Therefore, the introduction and large-scale production of potato plants transformed with the insecticide PlyA2/PlyB protein complex can not only save costs by reducing the use of pesticides, but also provide better and more sustainable CPB management.
Original link:
https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14365
At the forefront of plant science, focusing on the frontier progress of plant science, the release of information, recruitment information and method software sharing. For submission and recruitment, please reply to "Submission" in the background, which are free of charge; For business cooperation, please contact WeChat ID: zwkxqy;