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"A black hole is a crusher in the universe", this is a phrase that people often say, and it is indeed the understanding of black holes, this object with a huge gravitational pull can swallow everything, like a crusher, and make it disappear completely.
However, the phagocytosis mentioned here is by no means simply "eating", but also includes the devouring of information, and the black hole does not completely swallow it, in fact, the black hole is a treasure trove of energy.
During the formation of a black hole, the huge gravitational attraction attracts a large amount of matter, even photons cannot escape, and this large amount of matter will form the accretion disk of the black hole, thus producing brightness, and the energy emitted by the black hole has been shining on the surrounding planets with this excellent reserve.
Some people even believe that the energy light and heat in this system are enough to provide enough energy for life on the planet, and that black holes are an energy source that can provide more possibilities for civilization.
Black holes are in the process of redefining this concept, and some people have proposed the use of black holes as an energy source, believing that black holes are the dry batteries of super civilizations, and even the manufacture of artificial black holes has begun to be discussed.
1. Why can black holes release so much energy?
Most of us have the impression that a black hole is a very dark thing, although it has a "heart", but even photons cannot escape, so how does it shine on the planet?
This is because a massive accretion disk is formed around the black hole, and the reason why we can see the light emitted by the black hole is actually the energy emitted by this accretion disk.
This accretion disk is one of the brightest phenomena in the universe, and the amount of heat released is so impressive that some scientists even joke that putting the Earth into the accretion disk of a black hole can keep the global average temperature at about 15 degrees Celsius.
This accretion disk is very beautiful from the outside, but before it can emit light, it has also undergone some changes, and we all know that the heat emitted by an object is because its atoms move faster, so the heat in it is also higher, so it will release energy and produce light.
This accretion disk was originally a star, when the star forms a black hole after death, its material will become colder and colder under the influence of the black hole, but inside, the speed of motion will not slow down, so at the high speed of motion, friction is generated, a large amount of heat energy is released, and finally the black hole forms a huge ring of fire.
In the last century, scientists observed some planets near black holes through astronomical telescopes, and found that this accretion disk is also very mysterious, under normal circumstances, it is much more definite than black holes, but sometimes, the radiation emitted by black holes can become very bright, so what is the cause?
Later, scientists found in experiments that when the accretion rate of a black hole is fast, it emits very bright radiation, and when the accretion rate drops to a certain level, the brightness of the radiation will become darker.
This is because when the black hole absorbs matter quickly, the objects inside the accretion disk will move faster, which will produce a lot of friction, and eventually release more heat, part of which comes from the light that is released quickly, so the light radiated by the black hole is also very bright.
Second, a black hole can also become a star.
Then since the black hole is "bright", it can function as a giant star, sending light and heat to the surrounding area, just like the sun.
For a star to produce light and heat, it uses fusion and spectroscopy at the same time, which is different from the mechanism of black hole formation, where a star produces nuclear fusion by hydrogen and releases energy at the same time, which is an extremely old way, while a black hole produces energy in a new way.
Just like human beings in the use of energy, our ancient ancestors used fire to heat and cook, but this system cannot be used as a source of a single fire, and can only be heated by burning existing substances.
Black holes are the equivalent of generators in modern civilization, capable of storing large amounts of energy and releasing energy when humans need it.
This energy is not formed by the collision of atoms, but by the energy released during the process of matter being swallowed by a black hole, which can release light brighter than the sun and heat larger than a star, enough for hundreds of stars in a galaxy to not have as much heat.
And the black hole itself is also stable enough, unlike the frequent activity of stars, unstable stars are prone to explosions, leaving the planets and planets around them with nowhere to hide, and eventually unable to escape their fate.
Compared to this rambling shredder, the more stable black hole can serve as the energy center of a super civilization, enough to provide enough light and heat for tens of billions of planets, and the energy of the black hole can be said to be unlimited.
Scientists believe that black holes can replace stars and become the home of giant planetary wonders, in which life can survive in the light of black holes, and after evolution, it may form a life that can tolerate such extreme temperatures, and this is just one possibility, and the energy in black holes is much more than that.
Scientists believe that if we find that other civilizations are trying to "plug in" the universe or do other activities, then we can also choose such an energy source.
On the other hand, it is also possible for black holes to be modified, first of all under natural conditions, where civilizations living on stars form black holes by merging more suns, so that the planets around them receive more energy.
Artificially modified black holes may need to be formed through the collision of two black holes, and humans can even form black holes in the laboratory in the early days, and we know that black holes are not natural products, but are formed in space-time when mass or energy is accumulated to a certain extent.
If, during the experiment, when the atoms collide with a large enough energy, a black hole will be formed in the laboratory, the cost of building a large particle collider can be greatly reduced, and more resources can be devoted to the study of black holes.
The matter of the black hole will be fused together and encapsulated into a regular energy body, which can only release energy when needed, and can produce more energy, so that the possibility of collision is minimized, and it can continuously provide energy for civilization.
3. The closest black hole to us.
The formation of black holes is not a secret, and maps that can be seen and found from historical data are sufficient to prove the existence of black holes, and this phenomenon is very common, as long as there is a star with enough mass, it will form a black hole at the time of death.
Black holes are also very common in the universe, there are more than 70 black holes outside the famous Earth alone, but they are all very far away from us, and the nearest black hole is also 1500 light-years away from the Earth.
It can be said that we are still very far away from the black hole beyond the earth, although human beings have made many achievements in the study of black holes, but the nearest black hole to us is still very far away, without wormhole technology, even if there is a light-speed spacecraft, it is impossible to reach there in a short time.
So far, the speed of the fastest human spacecraft is only about 1/10,000 of the speed of light, at this speed, even if it keeps heading towards the black hole, it will take tens of thousands of years, and in the process of reaching, it is possible to be attracted by the huge gravitational pull of the black hole.
Wormhole technology is also only a theory, and humans cannot realize it in a short period of time, so this is an unknown existence, and this question can only be answered through more research.
epilogue
Scientists believe that black holes can be seen as a treasure trove of energy, providing countless possibilities for civilization, and that black holes can be used to make more energy and can also be used to create wormholes for exploration, which has led to new discussions about the use of black holes.
The energy released by black holes has important implications for our future energy supply, and in a broader perspective, this energy will have a wider range of applications.