Lead
The temperature of the earth is affected by the heat of the sun and the protection of the atmosphere, and this temperature change will have a certain impact on the living environment and life of human beings.
However, the surface temperature of the sun, which is very close to us, is as high as 5500 °C, so that the radiation of the sun alone is enough to illuminate the earth into a furnace, and the distance from the earth to the sun is as much as 150 million kilometers, but the temperature in the universe is extremely low, close to absolute zero, so why is the universe so cold?
1. The resting state of matter.
How far is the distance between the Earth and the Sun?
So how does the distance between the Earth and the Sun affect the Earth's temperature?
The distance between the Earth and the Sun is 150 million kilometers, which makes many people feel very far away, but in fact it is still very close.
If we look at the time of the creation and evolution of human beings, the distance between the earth and the sun is very close, and we all know that the temperature and light of the sun are very intense.
The surface temperature of the sun is about 5500 °C, and the sun's rays and heat are sent to the earth by radiation, so that the sun's radiation alone can make the temperature of the earth rise sharply, and at a distance of 150 million kilometers, there will not be much loss of light and heat.
If the earth is exposed to radiation like the sun, then the temperature of the earth will definitely be very high, so the temperature of the earth is actually very high, but why has the temperature of the earth become a comfortable temperature?
The answer to this question is because the earth is protected by an atmosphere, which is composed of a substance commonly called greenhouse gases, which can reflect and scatter the sun's radiation through the outer layers of the atmosphere, so as to dissipate energy and absorb a part of the heat into the atmosphere, so as to maintain the temperature of the earth and form an environment suitable for human survival.
And in space, there is no atmosphere to protect it at all, so the temperature in space is extremely low, so close to absolute zero, so what is the minimum temperature of matter?
What is the minimum temperature of a substance?
Generally speaking, the temperature of a substance is determined by the speed of thermal motion of the molecules of the substance within the substance, and the higher the temperature of the substance, the faster the thermal motion of the molecules of the substance, and the higher the heat generated.
Conversely, the lower the temperature of the substance, the slower the thermal movement of the molecules of the substance, and the lower the heat generated.
Whereas, in the thermal motion of matter, the thermal motion speed of molecules is constantly changing, some molecules have faster thermal motion, and some molecules have slower thermal motion.
However, in the thermal motion of matter, if there are some molecular states that are contrary to the norm, that is, the molecules will become very slow in the thermal motion, which will lead to a drop in temperature.
So how did this happen?
This situation is due to the fact that the interaction force between the molecules is very large, so under the influence of this interaction force, under the conditions of low temperature and low pressure, the thermal movement of the molecules will be greatly limited, thus forming an almost stationary state.
And in this state, the temperature will also be very low, almost close to absolute zero, so how does the resting state of the molecule form?
This almost stationary state is due to the very large interaction force between the molecules, so in this case, the distance between the molecules becomes very small, and can be close to a certain degree of super-denseness, so that the electrons collide with each other very frequently, resulting in the thermal movement of the molecules will be slower and slower.
In this case, the temperature decreases until the velocity of the thermal motion of the molecules is almost at rest at extremely low temperatures, resulting in a state of almost stationary temperature, and the temperature is also almost close to absolute zero.
2. Explore temperature changes in the universe.
In the early universe, after the Big Bang, the temperature in the universe was very high, and this temperature could not allow matter to form, but after the Big Bang, the temperature in the universe gradually decreased, so that the matter in the universe gradually formed.
In the process of the formation of matter in the universe, the temperature has been gradually decreasing, and as the matter moves far into space, the temperature will gradually drop, so that the temperature in the universe will drop to a very low temperature, even close to absolute zero.
But there are almost no absolutely stationary objects in space, because the entire system of the universe is in motion, so that there is a certain gap in the space where even very low temperatures are detected.
The relationship between the speed of motion of matter and temperature is very complex, but it is certain that the faster the motion of matter, the higher the heat generated, and the higher the temperature; The slower the movement of the substance, the lower the heat produced and the lower the temperature.
However, the speed of matter is not only affected by temperature, but also by other matter in space, which makes temperature very complex.
There is still much to be explored about the relationship between the speed of movement of matter and temperature, but from the perspective of temperature changes in space, we can understand the effect of extremely low temperatures on matter.
So why does the distance between the Earth and the Sun lower the Earth's temperature?
The distance between the earth and the sun is 150 million kilometers, which is not very far, but the heat of the sun will be affected by the atmosphere and clouds, so that most of the heat will be directly canceled out, so the remaining heat will heat up the earth, but the earth will radiate these energy outwards through radiation.
In this way, the temperature of the earth gradually rises until the temperature is suitable for human survival, and the low temperature in space does not affect human beings, but provides a suitable space for human beings to live.
3. Summary.
The extremely low temperature in space also reminds us how precious the temperature on the earth is, so we must also cherish and protect the earth, so that human beings can continue to survive on the earth.
The temperature change in the universe is also very complex, but this complexity also follows the birth and evolution of the universe, so we still need to explore more temperature changes in the universe, so as to better understand the origin and evolution of the universe, and also provide more clues for the development of science and technology.
The relationship between the velocity of matter and temperature is also worthy of in-depth study, which may provide more ideas and clues for the research and development of refrigeration technology and materials, so as to make refrigeration technology more perfect and progressive.
The extreme low temperatures in the universe are a challenge and an opportunity for scientists to further explore the mysteries of the universe and to provide better refrigeration technologies and materials for life.
epilogue
The difference between the temperature on Earth and the temperature in space tells us that the existence of life is affected by a variety of factors and conditions, so more interdisciplinary research is needed to understand the origin and evolution of life more comprehensively.