Realize agricultural modernization on the basis of profound agricultural civilization

"Yunwai Qing Song Flower Flute, Weizhou was originally a small Suzhou." Weifang City, Shandong Province, is the famous kite capital and the vegetable basket of China and the world. The rich and diverse terrain and developed water system have laid a unique foundation for agricultural civilization. 1500 years ago, Jia Sixian, a native of Weifang, wrote the earliest complete agricultural book in the mainland. "The national agriculture looks at Shandong, and Shandong agriculture looks at Weifang". Now Weifang, how to comprehensively improve agricultural innovation, competitiveness and total factor productivity, from a large agricultural city to a strong agricultural city? How to integrate the three industries from the country's important grain bags, vegetable baskets, meat cases, fruit plates, seed banks and agricultural machinery cities, so that grain bags can be turned into money bags and agricultural modernization can be realized? This is the beautiful rural story that Weifang people want to write in the new era.

Plug in the wings of science and technology for agricultural modernization

Since the reform and opening up, Weifang City has created the integration of trade, industry and agriculture, agricultural industrialization and other agricultural industry development experience, in 2018, General Secretary Xi Jinping twice affirmed the "Zhucheng model", "Weifang model" and "Shouguang model". Entering the new era, Weifang City firmly implements the spirit of the Party Central Committee, takes modernization as the way out of agricultural development, takes scientific and technological innovation as the main point of attack, accelerates the transformation from agricultural factor drive to innovation drive, and plugs in scientific and technological wings for agricultural modernization.

The land of Weifang in May is full of life. In Shouguang City, the Shouguang Vegetable Expo was held for the 25th time this year, with more than 400 new varieties and more than 100 cutting-edge technologies. Cui Jiangyuan, a villager of Cuiling West Village, Shouguang City, who has planted greenhouses for 20 years, said excitedly: "In just a few years, Shouguang greenhouses have developed to the 7th generation. Ventilation, watering, fertilization, etc., which require several people to do the work, can now be done with just the fingertips of the mobile phone, saving worry, time and money. This was unthinkable before. ”

More than 30 years ago, Shouguang created the "Shouguang model" with the new technology of winter warming vegetable greenhouse. Nowadays, the "gold content" of Shouguang's agricultural science and technology is getting higher and higher. Walking in the Shouguang Danhe Facility Vegetable Standardized Production Demonstration Garden, the exhibition hall is full of dazzling seeds; In the 12,000-square-meter intelligent multi-building greenhouse, technicians can remotely control production factors such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and light accumulation; In the processing workshop, boxes of customized vegetables are off the production line, and fruit and vegetable crisps, freeze-dried foods, and student nutritious meals have gradually become the main sales force of prefabricated dishes...... The application of new technologies such as big data, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence is helping agricultural production to achieve digitalization and intelligence, and accelerating the formation of new agricultural productivity.

"From a seed to a plate of good vegetables", Shouguang has run through the whole chain of the facility vegetable industry, stabilized the "vegetable basket" at the front end, and done a good job in standard formulation, seed research and development and technology integration innovation; The back-end is firmly "vegetable plates", cultivating characteristic brands, enriching product levels, and opening up high-end channels; Plant a "vegetable shed" in the middle, and build a new agricultural management system with cooperatives and family farms as the main body. The total number of vegetable varieties independently developed by Shouguang and protected by the rights of new plant varieties has reached 205, and the annual seedling breeding capacity has reached 1.8 billion; The promotion and application of more than 300 new technologies have driven 85% of farmers to enter the industrialized management system, and brand vegetables have entered more than 300 large and medium-sized cities and exported to 25 countries and regions, enriching the vegetable basket of the people of the world.

The key to realizing agricultural modernization and building a modern agricultural power lies in speeding up the modernization of agricultural science and technology. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "It is necessary to put the development of agricultural science and technology in a more prominent position, vigorously promote agricultural mechanization and intelligence, and plug in the wings of science and technology for agricultural modernization." In recent years, the "seed engine", "platform engine", "equipment engine" and "digital engine" have landed in Weifang, introduced a number of innovation platforms such as the Institute of Modern Agriculture of Peking University, set up 38 agricultural "academician workstations", developed more than 200 smart farms and smart pastures, Weichai Lovol 340 horsepower intelligent tractor to fill the domestic gap, all agricultural machinery in the field are installed with Beidou navigation system, the application rate of facility agriculture Internet of Things has reached 80%, and the average yield per mu has increased by more than 30%. The contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress in the city reached 70.6%, 7.6 percentage points higher than that of the whole country. A number of high-tech are leading Weifang's agriculture to modernization, flying higher and farther in the vast fertile field.

To the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries to benefit

Promoting the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas is an important deployment made by the Party Central Committee for the "three rural" work in the new era, an important measure to implement the rural revitalization strategy and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and an important way to promote agricultural efficiency, rural prosperity and farmers' income.

On the day of Mengxia, everything is beautiful. Qianquezhuang Village in Hanting District, from a single development village cooperative to a China Agricultural Park approved for industrial scale, from the Daxu River Ecological Landscape Belt, the Four Seasons Dongli Sightseeing Belt, Tomato World to the UAV Industrial Park, the good scenery of the red village has attracted guests one after another.

The historical scene is tossing and turning, and the butterfly imprint of Qianquezhuang Village is always clear. "In the past, we could only live by farming, young people went out to work, and no one in the village party secretary was willing to come to work, thanks to the pastoral complex in the village, now in addition to farming, there are more than 400 tourists every day, and life is getting better." The staff of the Dongli Pastoral Tourist Area said.

With the transformation and upgrading of agriculture into the fast lane, Yu Yingzhi, the former secretary of the branch of Quezhuang Village, realized that the sustainable development of rural areas cannot be simplified. Therefore, taking advantage of the integration of the three industries in the countryside, Qianquezhuang Village has joined forces with the surrounding four villages to build the core area of the Dongli Pastoral Complex, accelerate the development of facility agriculture, sightseeing agriculture and ecological agriculture, and create a new pattern of "three-chain reconstruction" with the addition of industrial chains, multiplication of value chains and interconnection of supply chains. Nowadays, the twilight beauty of "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and leisurely seeing Nanshan" is presented in Qianquezhuang Village. As the first project in Weifang City to be approved as a pilot project for pastoral complex in Shandong Province, Dongli Pastoral Complex has developed into a demonstration area for the integration of three industries integrating circular agriculture, creative agriculture and agricultural experience, driving the common prosperity of 13 surrounding villages. In 2023, the collective assets of Qianquezhuang Village will reach 510 million yuan, and it is moving from "very good" to "better".

Like the "upward curve" of Qianquezhuang Village, Yonghui Ecological Farm, located at the southern foot of Changshan Mountain in Zhucheng City, lasted 14 years and turned the barren mountains and wild slopes into "gold and silver mountains". Whenever they talk about this experience, the founders Wang Yonghui and Song Ruxia will always be very emotional: "In the past, this was a thin land with an output value of less than 1,000 yuan per mu, and under the guidance of the agricultural and rural departments, we aimed at the integrated development path of agriculture, culture and tourism industry, developed ecological agriculture, and built a comprehensive park integrating food, housing, learning, tourism, shopping and entertainment." At present, there are 108 famous, excellent, special, rare and new varieties planted in the park, the picking period is as long as more than 8 months, more than 680 people are employed by various formats, more than 200,000 tourists are received annually, the output value per mu has reached more than 20,000 yuan, and the comprehensive income of primary, secondary and tertiary production exceeds 18 million yuan. In the next step, we will continue to promote school-enterprise cooperation and integration of industry and education, maximize the deep integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and strive to promote the 'Yonghui experience' to the whole country." The couple said confidently.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to "focus on the development of modern agriculture and the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas, build a rural industrial system, and achieve industrial prosperity". Practice has proved that the integration of rural three industries is conducive to building a modern agricultural industrial system, broadening the channels for farmers to increase income, and realizing the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Whether it is Qianquezhuang Village, a "National Civilized Village", or Yonghui Ecological Farm, a "National Ecological Farm", Weifang is gathering joint efforts, relying on the endowment of agricultural resources, to develop multiple functions of agriculture, tap the multiple values of rural areas, and to benefit from the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, strengthen the leader, supplement the chain, develop the business format, and build a brand, promote the upgrading of the whole chain of rural industries, enhance market competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities, and inject surging momentum into the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside.

Leading the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industry with standardization

Agricultural products should not only look good, but also taste good. "Safety on the tip of the tongue" is related to the production and marketing of agricultural products, and it is also related to the health and life safety of the people. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that the source of food safety is in agricultural products, and the foundation is in agriculture.

In the planting base of Mengge Vegetable Professional Cooperative in Anqiu City, drip irrigation and fertilization are being carried out on radishes in the field. "We carry out scientific fertilization in accordance with the requirements of the international standard system." Wang Zuofu, the person in charge of the cooperative, said, "We have always adhered to standardized production, implemented unified order planting, unified supply of seedlings, unified supply of medicinal fertilizers, unified prevention and control of pests and diseases, unified pesticide residue testing, unified processing and sales, in terms of chemical input, product testing, product approval and quality traceability, etc., in strict accordance with organic food production standards for management, to achieve the full traceability from the source to the table." ”

When it comes to standardization, Wang Zuofu has deep feelings: "In the past, we had no standard for farming, we planted our own, the harvest depends on the sky, the quality depends on experience, and we can't sell good fruits at a good price." Since the implementation of standardization, the production standards are higher and more unified, and the buyers have more recognized our products and the sales are more guaranteed. In the case of potatoes, we initially approached some companies to get orders, but they were worried about the quality of our products because of our limited scale. After understanding our whole-process, standardized production management model, they happily handed over the order to us, the purchase price is much higher than the price of our own market, we can increase the income of more than 1,000 yuan per acre. It is precisely because of our production standards, safety and guarantee that our vegetables became the exclusive food ingredients for athletes during the Beijing Winter Olympics, and now they have been identified as the vegetable basket production base in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. ”

The standardization in Wang Zuofu's mouth is the "golden key" for Anqiu City to grasp the quality and safety of agricultural products. In recent years, Anqiu City has consolidated the safety and quality of export agricultural products with "standardization", from taking the lead in implementing the regionalized management of the quality and safety of export food and agricultural products in the country, piloting the implementation of the "QR code + certificate" safety traceability system for the origin of edible agricultural products, to the first "electronic security code" in the country, and has always focused on the standard. As the first pilot city (county) to promote the whole system of China's good agricultural practices, we will run through the 'standardization' of agricultural products before, during and after production, and strive to create a 'from the soil to the table' of agricultural product quality and safety supervision standard system." The responsible comrade of the Anqiu Agriculture and Rural Bureau said.

Standards determine quality, what kind of standards have what kind of quality, only high standards have high quality. The only vegetable quality standard center and vegetable standard database in China were completed and put into use; Taking the standard of the whole vegetable industry chain as a breakthrough, 2369 relevant standards of the vegetable industry chain were integrated to form a vegetable standard database of 14 categories and 182 categories; The preparation of 37 kinds of vegetables 54 production technical regulations, 4 national standards, 8 industry standards, 17 local standards, 80 group standards successfully released, Weifang is to standardize the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industry, so that the general public "entrance" more assured.

Rely on professional talents to solve the problem of "who will farm the land".

Who will farm the land? This is an unavoidable problem for rural revitalization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The core of 'who will farm the land' is to solve the problem of good people. "To solve the problem of good people, professional talents are the key factor, and they are also an important condition for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.

After the summer solstice, the weather is warmer, into the Sanxin Sunac Red Bud Ginger Gongfu Demonstration Base located in Shijiazhuang Village, Linghe Street, Anqiu City, the first crop of red bud ginger this year has entered the end of the harvest, a piece of red bud ginger growth is gratifying, the villagers are cleaning and packing the freshly dug red bud ginger, the scene is a busy scene. This harmonious picture of busy farming is inseparable from a local agricultural expert, Wu Weidong.

More than ten years ago, turmeric was commonly planted in Shijiazhuang Village, but the added value of turmeric was low, and the villagers had limited profits. Wu Weidong with many years of planting experience, screened out the characteristic variety "red bud ginger", he took the lead in trying to plant red bud ginger, through continuous research and exploration, the yield of red bud ginger per mu can reach 8000 catties, and the income has more than doubled compared with traditional turmeric. The trial planting of red bud ginger successfully attracted the villagers to plant it one after another, and also leveraged the beginning of the prosperity and revitalization of Shijiazhuang Village. "If it weren't for Master Wu taking the lead, I wouldn't know how to pick up the 'golden pimple' in front of me." The villagers sighed.

In order to lead the villagers to plant red bud ginger, Wu Weidong passed on his planting experience and professional knowledge to the villagers without reservation. No matter how busy he is, as long as a phone call is made, he will appear in the field as quickly as possible. "The floor heating pipes in this greenhouse are all installed by expert Wu who taught us." In the high-standard out-of-season greenhouse, the grower introduced, "Expert Wu also let us install the Internet of Things in the greenhouse, so that you don't need to come to the shed on weekdays, and you can see the specific situation in the shed on your mobile phone." "Through off-season greenhouse planting, Shijiazhuang Village has achieved two kinds of red bud ginger two harvests a year, and the yield is guaranteed, and the price is more advantageous." In previous years, a pound could only be sold for about 2 yuan, but this year, a pound can be sold for about 40 yuan in advance, and after removing the cost, the net income per mu can reach 200,000 yuan. The grower said, "Thanks to Master Wu leading the greenhouse, now a crop of ginger can earn money in the past few years!" ”

"One person is not rich, but one person is rich." Under the leadership of Wu Weidong, the red bud ginger industry in Shijiazhuang Village is getting bigger and bigger, and more and more outstanding young people choose to return to the village for employment. Today, the ginger planting area of the greenhouse in Shijiazhuang Village has reached more than 1,000 acres, driving more than 270 villagers to work at their doorsteps.

On the road of rural revitalization, there are still many "soil experts" and "Tian Xiucai" like Wu Weidong who are demonstrating innovation and entrepreneurship and leading farmers to make a fortune. The key to rural revitalization lies in people. The comprehensive revitalization of rural areas requires the gathering of all kinds of talents and the wisdom of all parties. The practice of Shijiazhuang Village proves that professionals devoting themselves to the countryside and taking root in the countryside can stimulate the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of farmers, promote the deep integration of science and technology and industry, and realize the leapfrog development of rural industries. Their exemplary and leading role will also attract more talents to invest in rural development and construction, and lead more people to embark on the road of common prosperity with their own wisdom.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The agricultural power we want to build and realize agricultural modernization not only have the common characteristics of foreign general modern agricultural powers, but also have Chinese characteristics based on our own national conditions." "The so-called Chinese characteristics are based on the national conditions of the mainland, based on the resource endowment of more people and less land, the historical heritage of agricultural civilization, and the requirements of the times of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and follow our own path, not simply copying the model of foreign modern agricultural power." The practice of Weifang tells us that to realize agricultural modernization in a place with a profound history of agricultural civilization, we must follow the general law of agricultural modernization, start from the existing resource endowment and development stage, echo the requirements of the times of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, constantly explore the road of agricultural modernization in a place, create agricultural modernization experience with distinctive characteristics, and provide a valuable sample for Chinese-style agricultural modernization.

[Author's Affiliation: Newspaper and Periodical Office of the Central Party School (National Academy of Administration), Party School of Weifang Municipal Party Committee, Shandong Province]