"Birth" of a pathology report
Why is it so slow?
What are the steps?
Pathology report (conventional pathology) refers to the HE section made into HE section after the tissue taken from the patient's body through surgery, fixation, material collection, dehydration, embedding, sectioning, staining and other steps, and the diagnostician reads the film through the microscope, and according to the morphological characteristics of the case under the microscope, some cases need to be supplemented with immunohistochemistry, special staining, molecular detection and other auxiliary diagnosis, and finally the disease is diagnosed and provides information for clinical follow-up treatment, which is often considered to be the gold standard for disease diagnosis.
[The issuance of a pathology report generally requires these nine steps]
01
fixation
1. The biopsy specimen taken from the patient should be placed in 10% neutral formaldehyde buffer for fixation in time (from ex vivo to fixation) for fixation, and the amount of fixative solution should not be less than 3~5 times of the tissue volume (ensure that all specimens are placed in the fixative solution).
2. Cavity specimens and large solid organ specimens must be cut in time, fixed overnight, and collected the next day.
02
covering an event
It refers to the process in which the pathologist cuts a certain size and number of tissue blocks from the specimen to be examined at the appropriate site according to the purpose and requirements of the examination. When the material is taken, the diagnostician describes the shape, size, color, hardness, etc. of the gross specimen, and the technician records it in a timely and accurate manner.
03
dehydration
It refers to the process of using chemical reagents that are miscible with water as a medium to replace the water in the tissue, so that the water in the tissue is gradually replaced. The dehydration treatment takes about 12 hours and needs to be left overnight.
04
Embedding
It refers to the process of embedding tissue into paraffin media by using an embedding mold to form a fixed tissue block to provide support or chemical protection.
05
Slicing, patching
It refers to the process of using a microtome to cut out a thin slice of a certain thickness from a wax block, unfolding it in hot water, and sticking it to the slide.
slice
Patches
06
Bake sheets
It refers to the process of putting the cut slide into the oven (60~65 °C) to bake, so as to remove and melt the paraffin in the tissue gap, so that the tissue is firmly attached to the slide, which takes about 30-60min.
07
Dyeing, mounting
It refers to the process of using a dyeing and covering machine to stain the baked sheets hematoxylin-eosin for short, referred to as HE staining, which takes about 60min.
Integration of dyeing and mounting
08
Read the film
It refers to the process in which the diagnostician observes and interprets the HE section under the microscope to make a diagnosis. So far, the morphology of some cases is more typical, and pathologists can make a definitive diagnosis based on their morphology under the microscope.
09
Add special staining, immunohistochemistry, etc
In some cases, it is difficult to make a clear morphological diagnosis by HE staining alone, and special staining and immunohistochemistry are needed to assist in diagnosis. It takes about 3~5 working days.
So now guys
The pathology report should already be known
Why can't it be sunrise
And you need to wait 3-5 business days, right?
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