Some people say that at the moment of birth, according to the circumstances of his birth, you can see his life. Those who have never seen a happy life will always have their mouths thinking: "Man, he is born to suffer." And those who grew up in the "honeypot" think that there is no pain in this world.
Therefore, in such an environment, people living in poverty begin to have a psychological gap, and they will think: "Why is he better off than me?" And why should my life be so miserable? ”
So some of them began to want to fight for themselves, they hated the evil capitalists, they hated this unfair world.
What's more, they will kill the people they hate in their hearts, and while they call themselves "supermen" who punish bad people, they feel that they have committed a great sin because of killing people.
They are inherently contradictory, and they can do things that are not in accordance with the law, so that they fail not only to save the world, but also to save themselves.
Raskolnikov, a poor student who liked to hide in his own world and think, had to go to university in St. Petersburg, but because his family was too poor to pay tuition, and he was unwilling to work as a tutor to earn money, he had to drop out.
After dropping out of school, Raskolnikov huddled in his small rented room every day. He had thought that he could escape reality, but his landlady was at this time, tirelessly urging him to pay the rent.
Desperate, he could only pawn the only valuable ring on his body to an old woman who was a loan shark, and the old woman's name was Alyona, a typical mercenary businessman, so Raskolinikov only got two rubles.
In Raskolnikov's view, the reason he stayed in his coffin-like hut, not eating or speaking, was because he was thinking about how he could change his situation.
He had no money, so he couldn't go to school, he couldn't pay rent, and he was subjected to endless abuse from his landlord because of his low status.
He wants to change the status quo, and he wants to change the people who are like him, poor and miserable.
During the time I spent in the hut,
At last, Raskolnikov found his own law: "Whoever is bold and capable can hold power and trample on existing laws with contempt."
He thought of the great man napoleon in history, Napoleon was the man who held power, he trampled on the law and killed many people, and those he killed, long ago disappeared with the long history of Napoleon becoming a great man.
Raskolnikov felt that he was "Napoleon", so he was going to fight for himself, for the poor and miserable, and he was going to kill the rich who had no value.
He thought about it and chose Alyona, the old woman who was lending usurers, as his target.
In order for the murder plan to succeed, Raskolnikov was ready to check the situation in advance, so he took the watch that his father had left for him before his death and went to the old woman Alyona's shop to mortgage it, and he wanted to mortgage it for four rubles, but the old woman only gave him one and a half rubles.
He already thought that Alyona was a lice, and this transaction made him more certain that Alyona should be killed. So, while Alona went to get the money, he determined where Alyona would put the money.
After leaving, Raskolnikov's heart suddenly became anxious, and since the thought of killing people appeared, he felt that his conscience had been condemned, and in order to calm his heart, he went into a tavern.
He felt that he needed to interact with people to ease the uneasy emotions in his heart. So Raskolnikov got to know Marmeradov.
Malmeradov was a ninth-class civil servant, and besides, he was an alcoholic, and because of his addiction to alcoholism, the work of a ninth-class civil servant, he was dismissed shortly after he did it.
Malmedov had four children in her family, and his biological daughter Sonia was uneducated and grew up being beaten and scolded by her stepmother Katerina.
Perhaps because of the unfairness of the growing environment, Sonia has formed a rebellious personality in this way, so when her stepmother Katerina counted her down, she did not say a word, and even under the pressure of this stepmother, she became a prostitute that everyone looked down upon.
Even the remuneration she received after becoming a prostitute was eventually used by her stepmother to support the family.
But even such a person who pays for the whole family is still despised by the landlord and other tenants, and Sonia has no choice but to endure all this in silence.
He left his home and went to live in a suite at the tailor's house, Capernaumov, and waited until it was dark before secretly returning to the house.
And all of Sonia's encounters, Marmeradov actually knew all about.
Moreover, in his family, in addition to Sonia, there are three young children who need his upbringing.
Marmeradov knew that his children were suffering, but he was still drunk all day.
He didn't go to work, stole his wife's stockings for alcohol, and knew that his daughter was forced to get a yellow license and couldn't live with them, but still took her daughter's money to drink.
I don't go home every day, and I sleep in the homeless place all day and all night.
Marmeradov is an irresponsible father, and his own heart is actually very clear. He knew everything he was doing was wrong, but he was miserable that he shouldn't drink anymore.
He loved his wife, loved his daughter, and loved the three children his wife had brought with her.
He was a widower, living alone with his fourteen-year-old daughter, but he could not bear to see his wife suffer, so he proposed to her.
After his daughter married his wife, he was often abused by his stepmother, he knew very well, his heart was very tormented about it, he was sorry for his daughter, he was sorry for his wife, but he had no way, in the final analysis, or because he was useless.
In order to eliminate his inner pain, Marmeradov chose to escape, he used wine to escape from reality, but also used wine to relieve pain, but after waking up, he still had to face reality.
In order to eliminate the pain caused by reality, Malmedov can only continue to borrow wine to pour sorrow, so Marmeladov's world has also entered a dead cycle.
The Marmeladov affair made Raskolnikov suddenly feel that his murderous plan was correct.
And what made Raskolnikov determined to kill people was because his family suffered unfair treatment.
The day after leaving the tavern, Raskolnikov received a letter from his mother. The money Raskolnikov paid when he went to school was actually his mother who added up to his small pension and his sister Dunya's salary as a tutor.
But because his sister was insulted while she was a tutor, Raskolnikov never received money from his mother. That's what the letter says.
Dunya is a kind and beautiful girl, so When Dunya was tutoring, she was harassed and courted by the landlord, and the landlord's wife did not know the truth, so she mistakenly believed that Dunya had seduced her husband.
While beating Dunya, she insulted Dunya as a slut, and not only that, but the landlord's wife also told everyone door to door about Dunia's seduction of her husband.
At this time, Dunya's heart was full of grievances, but she still thought that her mother could not be hurt, not only endured her own grievances to comfort her mother, but also let her mother hide from her brother, fortunately, the landlord in order to protect her own interests, took out Dunya's letter rejecting him, proving Dunya's innocence.
After the landlord's wife understood the truth, she knew that she had made a mistake, apologized to Dunya, and explained the facts door to door.
Dunya, who had regained her reputation, was finally no longer insulted and respected by the whole city, but at this time, Dunya was suddenly taken in by Lu Ren, a distant relative of the landlord's wife' family.
Dunya agreed to Luren's marriage proposal for her brother's sake, and her mother, because of her benefit to Raskolnikov, accepted it.
After Reading it, Raskolnikov felt that this Lur was a person like the old woman, firmly opposed to Dunya's marriage.
In fact, Raskolnikov's intuition was correct, and Luren was indeed not a good man, to be precise, he was a despicable and shameless man.
Raskolnikov was furious, he felt that he needed to make a difference, and wanted to escape from the ranks of ordinary people, he needed to put the killing plan on the agenda, but Raskolnikov flinched again at the thought of killing people.
He wanted to slow down any longer, but unexpectedly, he met another "landlord" who was trying to prepare to plot against another "Dunya".
Raskolnikov, who saw this kind of thing, his first reaction was to offer his own help, but when he heard the police sighing: "This world is really bad", he felt that his behavior was a bit of a snake.
Raskolnikov huddled in his small coffin-like room again, and he began to struggle again about whether to kill the old woman.
For this reason, Raskolnikov's body became ill because of his excessive nervousness.
In a half-dream, he saw himself as a child witnessing an accident, which was a scene of a group of drunkards frantically whipping a skinny old horse, and the old horse was beaten to the point of blood, and the old horse could no longer withstand the blow and died.
When he woke up from the dream, Raskolnikov was so frightened that he sweated, and he began to flinch again.
But at this moment, he saw the more hateful side of the old lady Alyona. It turned out that Alyona was not only a profiteer, but also an evil person.
Alyona has a kind sister named Lisa Vita, Lisa Vita is a woman as kind as Dunya, but her fate is in the hands of her sister, and her daily life is to be bullied and abused by Alona.
Raskolnikov saw LisaVita's kindness, and he finally made up his mind to kill Alyona.
With an axe in his hand, Raskolnikov knocked softly on Alyona's door, saying that he wanted to pawn something, and Alyona probed as she asked him what he wanted to pawn.
Raskolnikov begged Alyona to let herself into the house, but Alyona, though suspicious, could not refuse the money.
Just as Alyona was carefully examining the pawn's things, Raskolnikov clenched the axe in his hand, stood behind Alyona, picked up the axe and smashed it into Alyona's head, blood spurted out, Aliona's head was twisted, in order to make Alyona die, Raskolnikov took the axe and swung it at Alyona...
Unexpectedly, as soon as Alyona fell, LisaVita appeared, and she looked at everything in front of her in shock, as if she could not believe that Raskolnikov had killed someone and stood still.
Although Raskolnikov knew that LisaVita was a poor and kind woman, he finally smashed his axe at LisaVita in order to save himself.
At this time Raskolnikov was a little flustered, and in an emergency, he did not forget to take away the valuable things of Alyona's house, and at this moment, he heard another footstep, fortunately, the two did not stay long, and left.
Raskolnikov escaped from the scene, he hid his crime perfectly, but he could not hide from the police investigation, but he could not hide from his inner condemnation, and whenever he thought of the scene of his killing, he felt a wave of fear and pain in his heart.
Raskolnikov is contradictory, he wants to defend his faith in "Napoleon" and prove that he is not wrong, but at the same time he can't stand the condemnation of his conscience and secular morality after he kills people.
Alyona's death is more than a curse, but LisaVita is implicated, and Raskolnikov feels pain in his heart whenever he thinks of this.
He tries to force himself not to think about it, and tries to turn himself into a cold-blooded and cruel "superman", but he fails, and he still has love for others in his heart and sympathy for good people.
At this time, Raskolnikov was already a little out of spirit, but at this time, he witnessed the death of Marmerado.
His kindness prevented him from ignoring the matter, so he sent money from his mother and asked Marmeradov for a doctor, but Marmeradov still failed to survive and died.
Poor Marmeladov's daughter Sonia, the last person of her life who was related to her by blood, suddenly left, without any warning.
After this, Raskolnikov's mother and sister finally arrived in Petersburg.
It turned out that Dunya's fiancé, Lul, was going to work in Petersburg in the future, so she came to Petersburg with Dunya and her mother, and just in time, Larkolnikov was already studying in Petersburg, and the family could finally get together again.
However, Lul, a hypocritical person, actually let Dunia's family live in a very poor apartment. Not only that, but in Lul's worldview, he despises all the poor, believing that the poor themselves are evil.
All he wanted was a wife who was innocent and beautiful, poor and kind, and able to control herself at will, so he chose Dunya.
Dunya is a person who would rather starve to death than sell her soul, she actually did not like this Lu Ren,
Therefore, when Raskolnikov vigorously opposed Lu Ren, Dunya also recognized the true face of Lu Ren's hypocrisy and finally broke off the marriage contract with Lu Ren.
Solving his sister's problem, Raskolnikov's heart is still filled with his own "sins", he needs to be liberated, the secret of killing people also needs to be released, but who should he tell?
He thought about it for a long time and chose Sonia, who was similar to his fate.
However, what Raskolnikov does not know is that Sonia does suffer the most cruel pain in the world like him, but Sonia has always believed in God in her heart, so her heart is actually much stronger than Raskolnikov.
After hearing Raskolnikov's confession, Sonia asked him to turn himself in, she knew that Raskolnikov's heart was painful, she wanted him to be truly released, and in order for Raskolnikov to be less miserable, she chose to face the punishment with him.
In fact, Raskolnikov lacked a decision, so when Sonia said to let him turn himself in, he decided to turn himself in.
But did Raskolnikov really feel guilty of a crime?
The answer is no.
He still feels that he is a character like "Napoleon", and in his heart he still thinks that he is ashamed to kill people, and the wrong thing is that he has not become a character like "Napoleon".
Raskolnikov was eventually exiled to Siberia, and Sonia, a kind girl, went with him to this place.
Sonia's kindness to him suddenly awakened Raskolnikov to the fact that he had acted only selfishly for noble purposes.
But Sonia is different, Sonia is a girl who would rather sacrifice herself than hurt others, so when Sonia takes good care of him and accompanies him, he wakes up.
Even though he had treated Sonia roughly at first in order not to admit his mistakes, his heart was actually undefended, he had become dependent on Sonya, and he understood that he was in love with this kind woman.
To this end, Raskolnikov finally regained his life, abandoning the belief in becoming the next "Napoleon" and turning to the God that Sonia followed.
Lu Xun once commented on this novel: "Dostoevsky puts the men and women in the novel in the unbearable situation to test them, not only stripping away the superficial whiteness, torturing the evil hidden underneath, but also torturing the true whiteness hidden under the evil." ”
Simply put, the author of the novel Sin and Punishment is not at all the sin of the individual, but the goodness hidden under the sin, and the more kind the person is, the more obvious the pain becomes.
Dostoevsky attributed the answer to sin to religion, but he did not answer how man should face sin, or how he should deal with it.
In fact, the author himself may not be able to give it, because the evil of the poor stems from the "evil" in social reality.