Beautiful rivers and lakes, beautiful bays (14) | Blue sea and blue sky (People's Daily)

In order to vigorously promote Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization and strengthen the demonstration and leading role of excellent cases of beautiful rivers and lakes and beautiful bays, from March 17th to 21st, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment organized People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency, China Central Radio and Television and other news media to go to Xiamen, Dongshan, Sanming and other places in Fujian Province to carry out theme collection activities, focusing on vivid stories in the field of water ecological environment and marine ecological environment, in-depth excavation of rich experience and practical significance, and focus on publicity and reporting. Since March, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment's government affairs new media has set up a special column to reprint a series of reports published by relevant media~

Walking in the land of Fujian, the water is clear and the shore is green, the sky is blue and the sea is wide, and it is full of vitality——

The sea area in the southeast of Xiamen City is full of rippling blue waves, full of tourists, and the Chinese white dolphin, a national first-class protected animal, frequently appears; on the shore of Maluan Bay, Dongshan County, Zhangzhou City, the beach is beautiful, the fish and gulls are gathered, and the foreign tour groups are laughing and laughing; the Jinxi Jiangle section of Sanming City has beautiful mountains and clear waters, and the waves are surging, and the water quality has been in the forefront of the province for many years......

Fujian is a large maritime province, with a sea area of 136,000 square kilometers, 12.4% more than the land area. In 2023, 88.7% of the province's coastal waters will have excellent water quality.

A few days ago, the reporter participated in the excellent case collection activities of beautiful rivers and lakes and beautiful bays organized by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and investigated the marine ecological environment and water ecological environment protection in Fujian.

Responsibilities have been clarified and supervision has been strengthened, and the management of marine litter has achieved remarkable results

Xidi Xiamen Comprehensive Wharf, the sea breeze blows. Boarding the "Xiahaihuan 011" sea drifting garbage mechanized sweeper, 2 hydraulic salvage buckets and 4 yellow garbage bins occupy most of the stern space.

"This ship is currently the most advanced marine garbage sweeper in China, with a displacement of 200 tons, specially designed for salvaging sea drifting garbage, independently developed by us, and can load 20 tons of garbage at a time. Zhang Lianghua, director of the Xiamen Municipal Marine Environmental Sanitation Management Station, said that the management station is equipped with 8 mechanical cleaning boats, 3 patrol speedboats and 48 small cleaning boats, and the scale is at the leading level in China.

Xiamen City, which is "the city on the sea and the sea in the city", has a sea area of 333 square kilometers and a coastline of 226 kilometers. In the vast sea, the timely discovery of sea drifting garbage can be quickly disposed of. "We commissioned Xiamen University to forecast the drift trajectory and distribution area of garbage entering the sea, so as to provide reference and guidance for the deployment of cleaning forces. Zhang Wen, director of the Marine Ecology and Environment Division of the Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, said that video surveillance equipment has also been installed along the coast to use artificial intelligence technology to automatically identify floating garbage.

"Since 2022, we have used the smart marine sanitation system, which has functions such as ship operation command and scheduling, sea drifting garbage monitoring, early warning and forecasting. Zhang Lianghua told reporters that the application of various information means has greatly improved the efficiency of sea cleaning.

"In terms of volume, there is a lot of floating garbage from April to October every year. Zhang Lianghua said that after typhoons or heavy rains, at least 50 ships are dispatched every day to clean up 5 to 8 tons of garbage. ”

On land, Xiamen City has set up a beach shoreline cleaning team, dividing the beach coastline into 62 shore sections, clarifying the responsible units and responsible personnel section by section, and cleaning the beach coastline twice a day according to the tide conditions. Every year, Xiamen City lists the treatment of sea drifting garbage as a private practical project, and includes it in the assessment of the responsibility letter of the ecological and environmental protection goals of party and government leaders.

At the same time, the local government has strengthened supervision and consolidated the governance responsibilities of various departments. "The Municipal Environmental Law Enforcement Detachment uses drone aerial photography to randomly inspect key shore sections every month, and we also entrust a third-party agency to conduct spot checks, and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment will also conduct inspections. Zhang Wen said.

Thanks to the efforts of various parties, the density of marine drifting garbage in Xiamen dropped from 240.38 square meters per kilometer of coastline in 2020 to 96.63 square meters last year. In recent years, Xiamen has been awarded the title of the first batch of national marine ecological civilization demonstration zones and the first batch of marine economic development demonstration zones in China.

Land and sea are coordinated and integrated governance, and comprehensive improvement of the ecological environment is promoted

Pollutants appear in the sea, but the roots are on land. "At present, the sea drifting garbage is generally mainly plant waste such as aquatic weeds and tree branches, and the total amount of plastic waste has been greatly reduced. Zhang Lianghua believes that this shows that the implementation of the river chief system and the implementation of ecological protection and restoration in the upstream Jiulong River area are achieving remarkable results.

Both "tangible" solid waste and "intangible" pollutants are disposed of comprehensively. The sea area of Xiamen is divided into four bay control units: the southeast sea area, Tong'an Bay, Dadeng sea area and the west sea area. Among them, the southeast sea area covers an area of 88.73 square kilometers, covering the whole area of Siming District, with Gulangyu Scenic Area and Xiamen National Nature Reserve for Rare Marine Species.

"Siming District is the urban built-up area with the highest sewage collection rate in the province. At present, all 99 stormwater outlets in the region have been remediated, and all sewage collection, treatment, supervision and compliance have been realized. Standing under the tall and straight palm trees of Coconut Wind Village, Zhang Yunpeng, deputy head of Siming District, is very familiar with the effectiveness of governance, "We have formed a 'map' for the traceability and remediation of sewage outlets into the sea, and implemented 'one mouth, one policy' to clean up the source." There are 5 water purification plants, and the discharge water quality has reached the first-class A standard, and the discharge compliance rate is 100%. ”

In 2023, 100% of the three state-controlled sites in the southeast will have excellent water quality. The water quality rate of 8 bathing beaches is 100% all year round. The beautiful ecological environment attracts domestic and foreign tourists. Last year, Siming District received 56,704,400 tourists, a year-on-year increase of 69.72%.

Dongshan County, Zhangzhou City, is the sixth largest island county in China and the second largest island county in Fujian, with a sea area of 1,846 square kilometers and a coastline of 181.47 kilometers.

On Wangyu Island, Maluan Village, Kangmei Town, Shen Dongyong was busy cleaning up the homestay room. Five years ago, he was a big abalone farmer in the area. Dongshan County is rich in marine resources, and aquaculture has brought great pressure to the protection of the marine ecological environment. Zhangzhou City has issued a series of institutional norms such as the implementation plan for the upgrading and transformation of marine aquaculture facilities and the planning of tidal flats in marine aquaculture waters, clarifying "where to raise, what to raise, and how to raise". As a result, Shen Dongyong changed his career and withdrew from the aquaculture industry.

"It was reluctant at first. Shen Dongyong recalled, but when he calmed down, farming led to water degradation, sea pollution and other problems, and the labor intensity was high, and the risk was relatively high. Under the guidance of the local government, after Shen Dongyong got the compensation for the conversion of production, he renovated his private house into a homestay.

Li Jiesheng, director of the Dongshan County Bureau of Ecology and Environment, introduced that at the same time as the retirement and conversion to production, the local government adheres to the overall planning and integrated management of land and sea, promotes the construction of a long-term mechanism for the comprehensive improvement of the ecological environment of the bay, and actively creates a beautiful bay with a beautiful ecological environment, a healthy ecosystem and sufficient seaside space.

Relying on the good marine ecological environment, the development of tourism in Dongshan County has been accelerating and has become a local industry that enriches the people. In 2023, Dongshan County will receive more than 8.56 million tourists, with tourism revenue exceeding 10.9 billion yuan.

The change of development concept brings a win-win situation of ecological and economic benefits

In the afternoon, Changkou Village, Gaotang Town, Jiangle County, Sanming City, located on the bank of the Jinxi River, is surrounded by verdant mountains.

"I really didn't expect that the air in our village can be sold for money!" "No, it turns out that you can really get rich without cutting down trees!" Listening to the villagers' chatter, "carbon tickets" is one of the hottest topics.

Zhang Linshun, Secretary of the Party Committee of Changkoulian Village, recalled: "In the past, Changkou Village was a 'three-no village' with no new houses, no cement roads, and no street lights. The collective income of the village is only more than 30,000 yuan a year. ”

A chopstick-making company once approached village cadres and paid a high price to buy forest land in the village. Zhang Linshun said: "The village held many meetings to discuss, but in the end they gritted their teeth and refused. It's all stone mountains, and I'm sorry for my ancestors if I cut them all. We must not let temporary difficulties ruin the environment for future generations. ”

How can the mountains and rivers that have been handed down from generation to generation become priceless treasures? Changkou Village is constantly exploring: developing the economy under the forest, planting navel oranges and other cash crops, and opening a water playground...... Today, the per capita income of Changkou Village has reached 30,000 yuan, and the collective economic income of the village has exceeded 2 million yuan.

On May 18, 2021, Zhang Linshun received the country's first forestry carbon ticket numbered "0000001", involving 3,197 acres of ecological public welfare forest in Changkou Village, which increased the income of the village collective by more than 140,000 yuan. Forestry carbon ticket is a certificate of the right to benefit from forest carbon emission reduction, which is equivalent to the carbon sequestration function of each forest, which can be used as an asset and a "identity card" for trading. "We divide the proceeds equally among all the villagers, so that everyone can share the fruits of ecological protection. Zhang Linshun said.

From Changkou Village, along Jinxi Road to the south, about half an hour's drive, you will come to Jiaohu Village, Nankou Town. "Within 500 meters on both sides of Jinxi, we have implemented measures to prohibit breeding, construction and logging to protect the clear water of the river to the greatest extent. Xie Linsheng, secretary of the party branch of Jiaohu Village, said that two sewage treatment stations have also been built in the village, changing the scene of sewage cross-flow in the past.

Jinxi is the largest secondary tributary of the Min River and the mother river of Jiangle County. "Relying on water to draft water", 55-year-old Yu Changshui this year, has been mining sand on Jinxi for a long time to make a living. "I bought two sand mining ships, which can dig more than 5,000 tons of sand a year. Yu Changshui said that long-term disorderly mining not only destroys the riverbed and river, but also leads to poor water quality.

Jiangle County carried out a special rectification action for sand-related behaviors, demolished 32 illegal sand washing points, 29 river sand mining points and 18 abandoned storage depots, and guided the owners to switch to employment.

Yu Changshui "washed his feet ashore" and opened an ecological fishing village, with an annual income of more than 200,000 yuan. Looking at the clearer and clearer Jinxi, Yu Changshui's heart was surging: "I used to dig sand and damage the environment, and I always felt guilty. Now that I am serving an ecological rice bowl, my heart is finally at ease!"

The change of development concept brings a win-win situation of ecological and economic benefits. In recent years, the ecological environment quality of Jiangle County has always been at an excellent level, the water quality of the basin has been maintained above Class II all year round, and the air quality compliance rate, water environment quality compliance rate of the basin, and the water quality compliance rate of drinking water sources have all been maintained at 100%.