When it comes to lychees, we all know that Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan are the main producing areas, and it can be said that the amount of lychee production in these major producing areas can directly determine the price of lychee.
Guangdong, as the first lychee province in China, has an annual output of more than 1 million tons, accounting for 50% of the country's total, and it can be said that one out of every two lychees in the country comes from Guangdong.
However, as we all know, many places in Guangdong have been affected by extreme weather recently, and it happens to be the period of lychee fruit set, will this lead to a large reduction in lychee production?
Many "lychee lovers" began to worry about whether there would be no lychees to eat this year.
Extreme weather has indeed led to a reduction in lychee production, but there are still some people who eat it.
Recently, extreme weather in Guangdong has been particularly focused on Guangzhou and its surrounding areas, especially in the Pearl River Delta region.
These geographically important hotspots happen to be the main growing areas for lychee, especially Conghua and Zengcheng districts, which have long been important producers of lychee due to their excellent soil and climatic conditions.
However, due to the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, this year's lychee production is likely to be greatly affected.
According to local growers, after being subjected to extreme weather such as high winds and hail, orchards have experienced severe fruit drop or "laughter", and some orchards may even face the failure of the lychee harvest.
However, Guangdong's larger lychee-producing areas are not in these areas, but in western Guangdong, which accounts for half of Guangdong's lychee production.
For example, in Maoming, the city's lychee production alone accounts for one-fifth of the country's lychee production.
Fortunately, the extreme weather in Guangdong did not affect Maoming.
Maoming has not suffered from extreme weather, so can it make up for the lychee gap in Conghua and Zengcheng?
No, because although Maoming and other regions have not experienced extreme weather, lychee production is still not high.
Because in February and March this year, the main producing areas of lychee experienced continuous low temperature and rainy weather, which greatly delayed the flowering period of lychee, delaying it by nearly 20 days.
Not only in Guangdong, but also in other lychee-producing areas in southern China, such as Guangxi, Hainan and other provinces, also have the problem of decreasing lychee flowers, and only Yunnan and Sichuan are relatively better.
The decrease in flower quantity is one of the factors affecting the yield of lychee, and the fruit set rate is also a decisive factor for the yield of lychee.
This year, the rainfall in the southern region was not much in the early stage, but the temperature was low, but after the Qingming Festival, the rainfall in the southern region began to increase.
It just so happened that the rainy period collided with the flowering period of lychee, which must have washed away the pollen of lychee, thus affecting the fruit setting rate of lychee.
In addition, the growth of lychee is also closely related to the "big and small years".
Last year was the largest year for lychee production in the past decade, and the output of lychees all over the country has increased, which is a "big year" for lychee production.
Take Guangdong as an example, the output of lychees in Guangdong in 2023 will be about 1.79 million tons, which is the highest lychee production in Guangdong in the past five years.
After a year of abundant production, the nutrient consumption of the lychee tree is too large, which will lead to the inhibition of flower buds in the next year, so it affects the overall flowering rate, which is the so-called "small year" of lychee production.
The low yield of lychees will inevitably lead to an increase in the price of lychees.
According to news reports, this year's lychee production may only be 20% of last year's.
Taking the lychee production area of Bobai in Yulin, Guangxi Province as an example, varieties such as Feizixiao and March Red have not been affected much due to their early flowering, but for varieties such as Guiwei and glutinous rice balls that bloom late, the form is extremely serious, and there is a situation where only leaves grow and do not bloom.
The main listing time of glutinous rice balls is about mid-May, last year the listing price of glutinous rice balls in these producing areas was 15 yuan/jin, and this year's glutinous rice balls are expected to be listed at about 30 yuan/jin, and the price will be doubled.
On April 25, in the fruit wholesale market in Jiaxing, Zhejiang, a 3-kilogram Hainan concubine was sold for 180 yuan, and a 5-kilogram package was sold for 128 yuan.
In Hainan, the lowest price of the concubine picking fruit on April 26 is 30 yuan/catty, and the price is as high as 38 yuan/jin if the quality is good.
The yield of some varieties of lychee in many producing areas has decreased by 80%-90%, which will inevitably lead to a rise in the price of lychee, and the price of Guiwei, the most popular lychee variety, is expected to exceed 100 yuan per catty.
This year's rainfall is very large, which on the one hand affects the yield of lychees, and on the other hand, it may also affect the taste of lychees.
Because the rainy weather will affect the lack of sunlight, the photosynthesis efficiency will be reduced, which will further affect the pigment synthesis, and ultimately affect the taste and sweetness of the lychee.
In the face of the rise in lychee prices this year, many netizens said that they would not buy it if the price was too high.
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