#以书之名#
In the long river of history, like a bright star, there are three heroic heroes - Xiang Yu, Cao Cao and Li Zicheng. They have all reached the supreme power under the dome, but in the end they have not been able to cross the gap that seems to be close at hand.
Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, his bravery is unrivaled, and among the three armies, no one knows his prestige. However, he was proud and arrogant, but he failed to make good use of talents, and because of his contempt for the Heluo area, he finally ended up in Wujiang's self-slaughter, leaving behind that magnificent legend through the ages, which makes people sigh.
Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei, he is a capable minister who rules the world, a traitor in troubled times, good at strategy, able to bend and stretch. However, the trick of fate made him fail to complete the great cause of reunification in the end, and he was red-faced and white-haired, and his success was a failure, leaving regrets in vain.
Li Zicheng, who was born in cloth, but with his perseverance, he once broke the Ming Dynasty for many years. However, the poor governance of the Heluo area finally made his Dashun wake up like a dream and disperse in a hurry, which makes people sigh.
These three heroes belong to three dynasties, but they have all left deep footprints in the Central Plains. Their brief victories and swift defeats were closely linked to a geographical unit—the Heluo region, located in the middle of the continent, roughly coinciding with the southern part of present-day Shaanxi Province and the entire territory of Henan Province. This mysterious and important land has witnessed their glory and their loneliness.
In the smoke of the battle of Chuhan Chenggao, Liu Bang Group showed excellent strategic vision, adjusted tactics in time, and switched from offense to defense. Relying on the steep terrain, they stuck to the key points, attached importance to the grain and grass reserves in Aocang, and at the same time adopted the tactics of internal and external attacks, skillfully reversing the unfavorable situation of the battle. The Chu army, on the other hand, relied too much on lengthy logistics lines, placing its strategic focus on the choke points of the enemy's defense such as Xingyang and Chenggao, and finally fell into a dilemma under the frequent attacks of the Han general Peng Yue.
The wheels of history rolled forward, and the flames of war in the late Sui and early Tang dynasties were rekindled. Xingyang, especially the Tiger Pass, has become the focus of contention between various forces. Historical experience tells us that whoever can take the lead in occupying this place can often occupy an advantageous position and seize the initiative in a war. Tongguan, which is located at the junction of Guanzhong and Heluo, is of strategic significance for both offense and defense. If the pass is strong, it can go east to take Luoyang, and if Heluo is prosperous, it can go west to break through the pass.
For the Heluo area, Tongguan is not only the west gate of Luoyang, but also a military fortress to attack Guanzhong. Its offensive and defensive attributes change as the military center of gravity shifts. The Heluo region is a mountainous area with rolling mountains and crisscrossed by rivers, and Luoyang is the political center. Therefore, in order to protect Luoyang, the rulers of successive dynasties have carefully built the fortress defense project in the Heluo area. Any ruler who occupies Helo will go to great lengths to strengthen the fort's defenses.
Looking at the overall situation, although the Heluo area is surrounded by enemies on all sides, thanks to its natural barrier surrounded by mountains and rivers, the importance of the pass Jindu has become more and more prominent. Especially in times of war, whether it is offensive or defensive, as long as you can master these passes and Jindu distributed along the valley and the big river, you can easily hold the military passage, and thus occupy an advantageous position in the war.
Luoyang, a city with a long history, is located in the heart of the Heluo region, and has been unique and charming since ancient times because of its unique geographical and cultural conditions. In the distant pre-Qin period, Luoyang emerged with its excellent transportation conditions and became a transportation hub connecting the two major regions of Heluo and the Central Plains.
In the ancient transportation system, waterways and land routes were like the blood of the country, carrying the circulation of goods and people. They are closely linked to military activities and together weave the veins of war. However, in the ancient wars of the Helo region, land access undoubtedly dominated. Luoyang, as the core of this region, extends in all directions, forming a number of key land military passages such as Chenggao Road, Cuihan Road, Jinluo Road, and Wanluo Road. These passages are like spider webs with Luoyang as the center, passing through mountains and dangerous peaks, and extending countless military routes.
These roads, like a radial water system, are the main arteries of communication between Luoyang and the outside world. They carry important missions in economic and trade exchanges, population migration, and information transmission. And in military activities, these roads play a pivotal role. The choice of road is not only related to the speed of the army, but also directly related to the use of arms and the victory of the battle. Therefore, the importance of these passages, especially those of special military value, in wartime is self-evident.
Viewed from another perspective, these seemingly separate and scattered transportation routes are in fact closely linked in military operations, like intertwined webs, inseparable. Taking the southern roads of Luoyang as an example, although the barrier of Songji caused the southbound passages to be scattered like a trickle in the mountain passes, once they crossed the mountains of western Henan and entered the western edge of the Huanghuai Plain, these roads converged into a powerful torrent between the eastern foothills of Funiu Mountain and Yingru. This transportation hub, connecting Xiangwan in the south, Heluo in the north, and Jianghuai in the east, is undoubtedly an important node of strategic value for military geography, and has always attracted the attention of military experts. The same is true for northbound roads to Shanxi and Hebei, where the criss-crossing road network complicates military traffic in the Heluo region. Therefore, those military strategists who have dominated the long river of history are all well aware of this.
The choice of military line is often related to the victory or defeat of a war. Looking back on history, Xiang Yu, Cao Cao and Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant army in the late Ming Dynasty, once dominated the situation, but because they failed to plan deeply and properly manage the Heluo area, they finally failed and died and the country was destroyed. Suffice it to say that the importance of military traffic cannot be overlooked.
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