Poetry has an appointment, and No. 1 Poetry Lane welcomes everyone's arrival.
Guest
杜甫
There is spring water in the south and north, but the gulls are coming day by day.
The flower path has never been swept by guests, and the Pengmen is now open for you.
Panfang City is far from having a taste, and the bottle restaurant is poor and old.
He is willing to drink with his neighbor, and he calls out the rest of the cup.
In the spring of the second year of Tang Suzong (761), when Du Fu's thatched cottage was built, the author wrote this poem with a brisk tone because the body and mind were able to inhabit and recuperate.
Du Fu's poems have always been known for their depression and frustration, but this poem breaks new ground with a "light" style, bringing readers a pleasing reading experience from charm to artistic conception, and has become a popular classic.
However, in this issue, what Poetry Lane wants to share with you is not Du Fu's "Guest Arrival", but another poem related to Du Fu and his thatched cottage.
Although the reputation of this poem is not as good as Du Fu's "Guest Arrival", it is quite well written. The whole story is blended, and the sentences are exquisitely polished, which makes people sincerely admire the author's talent.
By Du Fu's old house
Don S. Yongtao
There are many flowers in Huanhua Creek, which is Mr. Yi when he was in Shu.
Only the old house should be left in the eternal years, and there is no new poetry for the daughter.
The gulls of the sandfall water threshold flew away, and the trees pressed the village bridge and horses too late.
Shanyue doesn't know who has changed, and who will come to the river at night.
Yongtao, whose name is Guojun, was a native of Chengdu (now Chengdu, Sichuan), and a poet in the late Tang Dynasty in mainland China.
Due to the embarrassment of his family in his early years, Yongtao traveled in all directions. However, Yongtao was very studious, so in the eighth year of Wenzong Yamato (834), he ascended to the rank of Jinshi, and since then the name of the poem has also spread far and wide.
Yongtao is very good at writing poems, and he is even more able to write the seven words of the law to the level; Yongtao's poetry style is plain and elegant, and has a high evaluation in the poetry circle at that time.
The poem "Jing Du Fu's Old House" that we share in this issue was written by Yongtao in the eighth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (854), when he was the assassin of Jianzhou and passed through Du Fu's thatched cottage.
Looking at the decayed old site and thinking of the former owner, the author felt a lot of feelings, so he wrote this poem to hang the poem.
Old House: Refers to the Huanhua Thatched Cottage where Du Fuliu lived in Chengdu.
The first couplet of the poem directly points to the topic, and the author's emotions are also initially expressed: there are many flowers in Huanhua Creek, which is to remember Mr. when he was in Shu; in the place where the most flowers bloom in Huanhua Creek, "I" think of Mr. You's life in Shu.
We all know that there is a stream next to Du Fu's thatched cottage, which is named "Huanhua Creek" because of Du Fu's two poems of "Huanhua Creek Water West, the owner is Bulin Tangyou".
Therefore, when the three words "Huanhuaxi" appear, it is equivalent to pulling Du Fu's thatched cottage into the reader's field of vision in an indirect way, and this is equivalent to effectively cutting the key word "Du Fu's old house" in the title.
Not only that, but the author also closely followed the three words "many flowers" behind "Huanhua Creek", so that on the basis of the topic, the beautiful picture sense was copied.
The latter sentence points out the character "Du Fu" from the perspective of virtual images, clearly expresses the author's feelings of missing Du Fu, and lays down the emotional color of the whole poem.
The author believes that Du Fu's thatched cottage should be preserved for eternity, but Du Fu's new poems cannot be bought back even if they are used for a thousand taels of gold.
Obviously, the content of the couplet is inherited from the second sentence in the first couplet, which is a further supplement to the three words "Mr. Yi", which can be said to explain the author's inner feelings more concretely, which is the "contextual connection" in the writing of metrical poetry.
So from the two sentences of the couplet, we can not only feel the author's respect and nostalgia for Du Fu, but also clearly feel a bit of heaviness, which is a typical feature of "hanging people" poems.
The author thinks of Du Fu's "new poems" from the "grass hall", and the poems start from two kinds of objects, from the perspective of one real and one imaginary, and portray the image of Du Fu's "multi-talented" and the author's "admiration" at the same time.
What is the meaning of "new poetry" in the sentence? Of course, it refers to Du Fu's unproduced works. The author's meaning is very clear: with the departure of Du Fu, there will be no new poems, so even if you use a thousand taels of gold, you can't buy the so-called "new poems".
The weight of Du Fu's poem title, the depth of the author's regret and the depth of longing are all fully reflected in the couplet, which makes people feel sad after reading it.
The next neck couplet falls on the scenery: the sandslide water sill gulls fly away, and the trees press the village bridge too late; the water sill has been damaged by the mud and sand, and the gulls and birds have also flown away, and the trees press on the village bridge, and the horses can only pass over it slowly.
Du Fu has a cloud in his "Guest Arrival": Spring water in the south and north of the house. But seeing the gulls coming day by day, when the cottage was built, it was full of vitality, Du Fu was in a happy mood, he knew the flowers, trees, fish and birds around the cottage, and lived a quiet and leisurely life.
However, with the change of time, with the departure of the owner of the cottage, the cottage and its surrounding scenery seem to have lost their roots, and they are no longer the same as they were.
This sentence "sandblazing and sills fly away" is in stark contrast to Du Fu's description in "Guest Arrival".
The sills are destroyed and the sand is broken, the grass is barren and the gulls are gone, and the trees are pressed against the bridge...... What the author sees in front of his eyes is a depressed and dilapidated scene, and although the neck couplet is only a description of the scene, what is carried on the scenery is an endless desolation and depression.
Therefore, all the scenery is a love language, through the scenery of the neck couplet, the author's endless nostalgia for Du Fu, and his helplessness about the cruel reality of "time passes" are all revealed in the pen for a while.
"Shanyue doesn't know about personnel changes, who does it want to come to the river at night", Shanyue doesn't know the changes of personnel, and it still rises from the river at night, so who does it have an appointment with?
Writing all the way, the time transitions from day to night, which shows that in the context of this poem, it also involves a "timeline", which makes the layout of the poem appear more stable and compact.
The tail couplet has a wonderful scene and a deep feeling, which belongs to a description of the combination of scenes.
When the author saw the mountain moon rising from the river, he couldn't help but raise the questions in his heart, so he personified the object "mountain and moon", and threw out his inner doubts by the way, leaving them to the reader.
So who did the "mountain and moon" that rose from the river have an agreement with? The answer is obvious, it should be an agreement with the late "Du Fu", and this is also the content that the author wants to express.
In fact, the "mountain and moon" in the tail couplet is no longer a simple natural phenomenon, it seems to understand people, but after the author's special description, it is endowed with a certain emotion, so it represents the author's voice and entrusts the author's psychology.
"The mountains and the moon are still the same", "the grass hall still exists", they have not forgotten the poets who have chanted poems here and enjoyed the scenery.
The rise of "Mountain and Moon" can be said to add a sense of seclusion, coldness, and depth to the poem, so that the artistic conception and emotion of the poem can be sublimated, and the poem has received an effect that makes the reader have an endless aftertaste.
All kinds of current affairs flow with the water, and the mountains and the moon have a period with people; ladies and gentlemen, after reading this poem by Yongtao, I don't know if you have any special feelings?
Regard poetry as a confidant, read and write to the end, welcome everyone to pay attention to No. 1 Poetry Lane, our next wonderful issue is still waiting for you!