Confucius was sitting idly at home, and Zigong came in to wait, and saw him with a sad face. Zigong didn't dare to ask, so he came out to tell Yan Hui. Yan Hui sang while playing the piano.
Confucius heard the sound of the piano, and sure enough, called Yan Hui in and asked, "Why are you happy alone?" Yan Hui said, "Why is the teacher sad alone?"
Confucius said, "Tell me what you think." ”
Yan Hui said: "I used to hear the teacher say: 'I am willing to follow nature and understand the laws of fate, so there is no sorrow.'" That's why I'm happy. ”
Confucius's face turned gloomy, and then he said, "Is there such a thing?
These are my words from the past, please take today's words as the standard. You only know that you are willing to go along with nature and understand fate without sorrow, but you don't know that there is another side of sorrow that is willing to go with nature and understand fate.
Now to tell you the correct view on this issue: self-cultivation, resignation to the poverty and wealth of fate, understanding that life and death are not up to me, so that my mind will not be changed and disturbed by the outside world, this is what you call the side of being willing to conform to nature, understanding fate without sorrow.
In the past, I sorted out the "Book of Songs" and "Shangshu", revised the etiquette system and music rhythm, and prepared to govern the world with this and pass it on to future generations.
The monarchs and ministers of the Lu State are losing order day by day, benevolence, righteousness and morality are declining day by day, and human feelings and kindness are being mean day by day. This doctrine is not feasible in a country today, and how can it affect the whole world and future generations? Only then did I know that the Book of Songs, the Book of Shang, and the ritual system of music had no effect on the management of troubled times, but I did not know the method of reforming it.
This is what worries those who are willing to go along with nature and understand their fate.
Still, I understand something. What we say about being willing to conform to nature and understanding destiny is not what the ancients said about being willing to conform to nature and understanding destiny.
There is no happiness, there is no knowledge, there is true happiness, true knowledge, so there is nothing unhappy, there is nothing that is not known, there is nothing that is not sorrowful, there is nothing that cannot be done.
"The Book of Songs", "The Book of Songs", and the ritual music rhythm, what has been lost?
And why reform it?" Yan Hui bowed his hand to the north and said, "I also understand." He came out and told Zigong. Zigong was inexplicable, went home and pondered for seven days, did not sleep or eat, so that he was skinny.
Yan Hui went to enlighten him again, and then returned to Confucius, played the piano, sang songs, recited poetry and books, and never stopped in his life.
One of Chen's doctors was sent to Lu to visit and meet with his uncle and grandson in a private capacity. ”
Uncle Sun: "There is a saint in the mainland. ”
Dr. Chen Guo asked, "Isn't it Kong Qiu?" "Yes," he said. Dr. Chen Guo asked, "How do you know that he is a saint?" "I often hear Yan Hui say: 'Kong Qiu can give up the mind and only use the body. ’”
Dr. Chen Guo said: "There is also a saint in the mainland, don't you know?"
Uncle Sun asked, "Who is the saint?" Dr. Chen Guo said: "Among Lao Dan's disciples, there is a man named Kang Cangzi, who has learned Lao Dan's Taoism, and can see things with his ears and listen to sounds with his eyes. ”
Lu Hou was greatly surprised when he heard this, and sent a great official to invite him with a rich gift. Kang Cangzi was invited to come to Lu State. Lu Hou humbly asked him for advice. Kang Cangzi said: "The words of the legend are not true. I can hear without my ears and see without my eyes, but I can't change the role of my ears and eyes. ”
Lu Hou said: "This is even stranger. So what does your Dao art look like?
I'd love to hear about it. Kang Cangzi said: "My body is in harmony with my heart, my heart is in harmony with my qi, my qi is in harmony with God, and my spirit is in harmony with nothingness, and if there is something very faint, a very weak voice, even if it is far away from the wilderness of the eight directions, or within the imminent distance, to disturb me, I will definitely know it."
I don't know if it's what my limbs feel, or what my heart and intestines know, but it just knows it. Lu Hou was very happy. A few days later, he told Jonny about it, and Jonny smiled and didn't answer.
Dazai of the Song Kingdom went to see Confucius and asked, "Are you a saint?"
Confucius said: "How dare I be a saint, I am just knowledgeable and knowledgeable." ”
Song Guo Dazai asked, "Are the three kings saints?"
Confucius said: "The Three Kings were people who were good at using their intellect and courage, and whether they were saints or not, then I don't know." ”
He asked again: "Are the Five Emperors saints?" Confucius said: "The Five Emperors are people who are good at promoting benevolence, righteousness and morality, and whether they are saints or not, then I don't know." Then he asked, "Are the Three Emperors saints?"
Confucius said: "The Three Emperors are people who are good at adapting to the times, whether they are saints or not, then I don't know." ”
The Song Kingdom Dazai was greatly shocked and said, "Then who is the saint?"
Confucius's face changed for a while, and then he said: "There is a sage in the West, who does not govern the country and the country is not chaotic, does not speak but convinces people naturally, and does not educate but naturally implements government decrees, great and broad, and the people do not know how to praise him."
I suspect he's a saint, but I don't know if he's really a saint? Song Dazai silently thought in his heart and said, "Confucius is deceiving me!"
Zixia asked Confucius, "What is Yan Hui's character?"
Confucius said, "Yan Hui's benevolence is stronger than mine." Then he asked, "What is Zigong's character?"
Confucius said, "Duanmuci's argumentative ability is stronger than mine. ”
Then he asked, "What is the character of Zilu?" Confucius said, "Zhongyou's bravery is stronger than mine. ”
He asked again, "How is Zizhang's personality?" Confucius said: "The solemnity and seriousness of the grandson master is stronger than mine." ”
Zixia left her seat and asked, "Then why did these four people come to be your students?"
Confucius said, "Sit down!" and I tell you. Yan Hui can be kind but not ruthless, Duanmu can debate but not be silent, Zhong You can be brave but not cowardly, and Master Zhuan Sun can be solemn but not easy-going. I don't want to combine the strengths of the four of them to exchange my strengths. That's why they worship me as a teacher and don't do it half-heartedly. ”
Liezi worshipped Huqiu Zilin as a teacher, and made friends with Bo Duan, and then lived on the south side of the city, and it was not enough to count with Liezi in hundreds. Even so, Liezi does not boast of arrogance.
They discuss issues together every day, and there is nothing near and far that they don't know.
And Nanguozi has been neighbors for 20 years, but they have never visited each other. When they met on the road, the eyes were as if they didn't recognize. The disciples and servants under the sect all thought that Liezi had an enmity with Nan Guozi, and they did not doubt it at all.
There was a man from the state of Chu who asked Liezi, "Why are Sir and Nan Guozi hostile to each other?"
Liezi said: "Nan Guozi is full of form but empty in heart, his ears do not hear, his eyes do not see, his mouth does not speak, his heart has no sense, and his body has not changed. ”
So Liezi chose forty disciples to accompany him. When I saw Nan Guozi, I was really like a clay puppet, and I couldn't talk to him. Looking back at Liezi, the spirit and body are no longer together, and we can't talk to him anymore.
After a while, Nan Guozi pointed to the last person of Liezi's disciple and talked to him, with a competitive look, as if he had grasped the truth and was a victor. Liezi's disciples were shocked. When I returned to my accommodation, I had a questioning look on my face. Liezi said, "He who knows the truth will no longer speak, and he who understands everything will no longer speak."
Taking ignorance as a word is also a kind of speech, and taking ignorance as knowledge is also a kind of knowledge. Silence should be regarded as silence, and ignorance should be regarded as ignorance. In this way, they have spoken, they have known, they have said everything, they have known everything, they have not said anything, they have not known anything. That's it, why are you surprised?"
When Liezi was learning Taoism, within three years, he didn't dare to care about right and wrong in his heart, and he didn't dare to talk about the benefits and harms on his lips, and then he got the old merchant to squint at it.
Within two years, he cared more about right and wrong in his heart than before he learned the Tao, and talked more about the benefits and harms, and then the old merchant began to relax and smile.
Within two years, he followed his heart to calculate, but felt that there was no right or wrong; Obey the tongue to talk about it, but feel that there is no benefit or harm; The teacher told me to sit with him on a mat.
Within two years, I indulged my mind to think and talk about it, but I didn't know what I was thinking about and talking about, and I didn't know what was wrong with me, and I didn't know what was wrong with others, and I forgot everything about it outside and inside my body.
From now on, the eyes are like the ears, the ears are like the nose, and the nose is like the mouth, there is no difference.
The mind is condensed, the body is gone, and the flesh and bones are melted; I don't feel what my body is leaning on, what my feet are stepping on, what my mind is thinking, what my words are hiding. That's it, and there is nothing to hide.
Liezi used to like to visit.
Huqiuzi said: "Yukou likes to visit, what is there to like about touring?"
Liezi said: "The joy of visiting is because the things you appreciate are not old.
When others visit, they appreciate what they see; I tour, and what I appreciate is the change of things. No one can tell the difference between different ways to visit. ”
Huqiuzi said: "Yukou's tour is the same as that of others, but he also wants to say that it is different from others! Everything he sees will inevitably see the changes of these things at the same time." Appreciating the changes in external objects, but not knowing that they are constantly changing. I only know how to appreciate external things, but I don't know how to appreciate myself.
Those who appreciate foreign objects want to see them all; Those who appreciate themselves should also see themselves all. Look at yourself all, this is the highest excursion; Seeing all the foreign objects is not the highest tour. ”
Since then, Liezi has never gone out for life, and he thinks he doesn't know how to visit.
Huqiuzi said: "This is the highest tour! I don't know where the highest tour has been, and the highest appreciation doesn't know what I saw." Everywhere was toured, everything was appreciated, this is what I call a tour, this is what I call appreciation. So I said, "This is the highest tour!"
Uncle Long said to Wen Zhi, "Your medical skills are very exquisite. I'm sick, can you cure me?"
Wen Zhi said: "Everything is under your orders. But you should first tell us about your condition. ”
Uncle Long said: "The whole village praises me, I don't think it's glorious, and the whole country slanders me, I don't think it's ashamed; If you get it, you don't like it, and you don't grieve when you lose it; To be alive is like death, and to be rich is like poverty; Look at people like pigs, and see yourself like others.
Living in your own home, like staying in a hotel; Look at your hometown, like the country of Xirong and the Southern Barbarians. What kind of disease is this, for all these diseases that cannot be comforted by titles and rewards, that cannot be threatened by severe punishment, that the interests of prosperity and decline cannot be changed, and that sorrow and happiness cannot be shaken.
What can cure it?" Wen Zhi then asked Uncle Long to stand with the light on his back, and Wen Zhi looked at him from the dark to the light. After a while he said, "Alas, I see your heart, and your heart is empty, almost a saint! Your heart has six holes in circulation, and only one hole has not yet been reached." Nowadays, people regard the wisdom of the Holy Wisdom as a disease, and it may be so! This is not something that can be cured by my humble medical skills. ”
It is the way of nature that does nothing and lives all the time. It is normal for those who live according to the way of eternal life, so that they do not die despite their old age.
It is a misfortune to die according to the way of eternal life. It is also the way of nature that makes a difference and dies often. It is also normal for those who die according to the path of permanence, and thus die of their own accord even though they are not old.
It is a kind of luck to survive along the path of permanence.
Therefore, living without doing anything is called the way of nature, and living according to the way of eternal life is called a normal phenomenon; Doing something and dying is also called the way of nature, and following the way of permanent death and dying is also called a normal phenomenon. Ji Liang died, and Yang Zhu looked at his door and sang. Sui Wu died, and Yang Zhu caressed his corpse and wept. When an ordinary person is born, everyone sings, and when an ordinary person dies, everyone cries. Those who are about to be blind will see the autumn hairs first; Those whose ears are about to be deaf first hear the sound of mosquitoes flying around; Those who are about to lose their sense of taste first recognize the difference between the taste of the two waters; People whose noses are about to lose their sense of smell are the first to smell burning; People whose bodies are going to stiffen like to run first; Those whose minds are about to be confused must first distinguish between right and wrong: so things will not go to the opposite unless they develop to the extreme.
There are many virtuous people in Zhengguo's Puze, and there are many talented people in Dongli.
There was a scholar named Bo Fengzi in Puze, who passed by Dongli and met Deng Xi. Deng Xi turned around and smiled at his disciple and said, "I'll tease him for you, what should I do if I see the person who came over?"
Deng Xi's disciples said, "We want to see it. Deng Xi said to Bo Fengzi: "Do you know the difference between being raised and being raised? Those who are fed by others but cannot support themselves are animals such as dogs and pigs; It is man's power to nurture all things and make them available to himself. What keeps you people fed, clothed, and rested is the work of those of us who are in power. And you only gather in groups of men, women, and children in order to eat the food in the cow prison and the kitchen, what is the difference between this and animals like dogs and pigs?" Bo Fengzi ignored it.
Bo Fengzi's entourage came up from behind and interjected: "Haven't you heard that there are many very talented people in Qi and Lu? Some are good at building houses, some are good at hardware and leather products, some are good at playing musical instruments, some are good at reading and counting, some are good at leading troops in battle, and some are good at sacrificial activities in Zongmiao, and all kinds of talents are available.
But there is no prime minister, no one who can manage and use them. Managing them does not require specialized knowledge, the people who use them do not need specialized skills, and those who have specialized knowledge and skills can only be managed and used.
Those of you who hold power are all managed and used by us, so what do you have to be arrogant about?" Deng Xi had nothing to say and motioned for his disciple to leave.
Gongyi Bo was famous for his strength in the vassal states, and Tang Yu reported this to King Xuan of Zhou. King Xuan of Zhou prepared a dowry to invite him. After Gongyi Bo came, King Xuan looked at him like a coward.
King Xuan was puzzled and asked, "How is your strength?" Gong Yibo said: "My strength can break the thighs of the spring locusts and pierce the wings of the autumn locusts. ”
King Xuan's face changed and he said, "My strength can tear the leather of the rhinoceros ox and drag the tail of the nine oxen, but I still think my strength is too small."
Why is it that you can only break the thighs of the spring locusts and pierce the wings of the autumn locusts, but you are famous for your strength?" Uncle Gong let out a long sigh, left his seat, and said, "The king has a good question! One of my teachers was Shang Qiuzi, who had so much strength that there was no rival in the world, and his closest friends did not know that it was because he had never used his strength.
I waited on him with all my heart, and he told me, 'People want to see what they can't see, what others can't see, what they can't get, and what others don't do.'
Therefore, those who practice their eyes always look at the firewood filled with the car first, and those who practice listening to the sound always listen to the sound of the bell striking first. If it is easy in your heart, it will not be difficult to do. There is no difficulty in doing it, so the reputation cannot come out of the family. Now my fame has spread throughout the vassal kingdoms, and it is because I have disobeyed my teacher's teachings and shown my ability.
That is to say, my fame is not gained by my own strength, but by my own strength, and is it not better than that of a man who relies on his own strength?"
The son of Zhongshan Mou is the son of Wei State.
I like to travel with sages, but I don't ask about national affairs, but I appreciate Gongsun Long, a native of Zhao.
Le Zheng Ziyu's group laughed at him for this. Gongzi Mou said: "Why do you want to laugh at me for admiring Gongsun Long?" Ziyu said: "Gongsun Long's personality, words and deeds have no teacher, no friends for learning, cunning and good argumentation but no reason, knowledge is chaotic and does not form a family, like to talk strange and nonsense, trying to confuse other people's hearts, impress other people's mouths, and the same as the one that Han Tan studied." ”
Gongzi Mou's face changed and he said, "Why do you accuse Gongsun Long of his fault like this? ”
Ziyu said: "I laughed at Gongsun Long's deception of piercing, and he said: 'A person who is very good at archery can make the arrow of the latter arrow hit the tail of the previous arrow, one arrow after another, one arrow after another, the first arrow is aimed at the target and has not yet been shot, and the tail of the back arrow has been placed with a bowstring, which looks as if it is connected into an arrow.'" The piercing was horrified.
Gongsun Long said, 'That's not the best. Fengmeng's disciple was called Hongchao, and because he lost his temper with his wife and wanted to scare her, he shot her in the eyes with a bow with a black horn and an arrow from Qiwei. The arrow touched her eyeball, but she didn't blink, and the arrow fell to the ground, but there was not a trace of dust. ’
Is this what a wise man says?" Gongzi Mou said: "What a smart person says is not something that a stupid person can understand. The arrow of the latter arrow hits the tail of the previous arrow because the force and direction of the latter arrow is exactly the same as that of the previous arrow. The arrow touched the eyeball and did not blink because the arrow's power was exhausted when it reached the eye.
What do you suspect?" Le Zheng Ziyu said: "You and Gongsun Long are the same kind of people, how can you not hide his mistakes?
Gongsun Long deceived the king of Wei and said, 'Intentional thoughts arise, but the essence of the mind is not active.
With a concrete concept, you can't include everything. If there are concrete things, you can't include everything. Shadows don't move. Hair can pull up to three thousand pounds of objects. A white horse is not a horse. The lone calf never had a mother. I can't say enough about his remarks that are contrary to people's perceptions and common sense. ”
Gongzi Mou said: "You don't understand these wise sayings, but think they are fallacies, but in fact it is you who are wrong." Without mind, the function of the mind and the body can be the same. There is no specific concept to include everything.
What can include all things can only be eternal 'existence'. It is said that the shadow does not move because after the person moves, the original shadow disappears and a new shadow is created, and the new shadow is not the movement of the old shadow.
The reason why hair can pull an object weighing 3,000 catties is because the 'potential' has reached the level where it can pull 3,000 catties. The white horse is not a horse, it is said that the shape of the horse is separated from the concept of the horse. The lone calf never had a mother because it could not be called a lone calf while the mother was alive. Le Zheng Ziyu said: "You think Gongsun Long's remarks are all reasonable. If he farts, you'll eat him too. Gongzi Mu was silent for a long time, and then said goodbye: "Please invite you to debate again later." ”
Yao has governed the world for 50 years, I don't know if the world is well governed, or is it not well governed?
I wonder if the broad masses of people are willing to support themselves, or are they unwilling to support themselves?
Turn around and ask the people on the left and right, and the people on the left and right don't know. Ask the hundreds of officials in the court outside the palace, and they don't know. Ask the elders who don't become officials, and they don't know. So Yao put on the clothes of the people and went on a tour of the great road in all directions, and heard a song sung by a child, saying, "You have raised us people, and there is nothing that does not conform to your standards."
Everyone is unaware of it, following the laws of the Emperor of Heaven. Yao happily asked, "Who taught you to sing this song?" The child replied, "We heard it from the doctor." He asked the doctor again. The doctor said, "This is an ancient poem. Yao returned to the palace, summoned Shun, and gave him the throne. Shun accepted it without prevarication.
Guan Yinxi said: "As long as you are not attached, all tangible things will naturally become prominent.
At this time, the movement of things will be as smooth as water, the stillness of things will be as smooth as a mirror, and the reaction of things will be as fast as echoes, so the Tao of things will originally conform to the changes of things.
Only things go against the Tao, and the Tao does not go against things. He who is good at following the Word does not use his ears, nor his eyes, nor his physical strength, nor his mind; It is not appropriate to want to follow the Tao but use your eyes, ears, body, and mind to seek it.
The Tao seemed to be in front, and suddenly it was in the back; Use it to fill the upper and lower squares, and you don't know where it is without it.
It is not the person who has the heart that can keep it away, nor the person who has no heart who can make it close, but only those who can achieve it in silence and according to their nature can obtain it.
Knowing without using affection, having the ability but not doing, this is the real knowledge and real ability. How can there be affection when we use ignorance? How can we do anything if we are incompetent? It is just a clod of soil that has been gathered and dust that has accumulated.
Mere inaction is not a natural principle.