#我来唠家常#
▲ Suifenhe Sino-Russian border railway. Photo/Visual China
- The Legend of the Gentleman -
A road to understand the Northeast
▼
In the fertile black soil of northeastern China, there is such a railway.
▲ It enters from Manchuria in the west, passes through Zhalantun, Angangxi, Qiqihar, Harbin to Suifenhe, crosses the branch lines of Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces at that time, and goes south from Harbin through Changchun, Shenyang and other provinces to Lushunkou, and runs through Jilin and Liaoning provinces. The route is T-shaped and has a total length of about 2,400 kilometers. Picture/Q year drawing
Its name is the Eastern Railway.
Li Hongzhang has an inextricable bond with it, the Russo-Japanese War has a deep relationship with it, and the young marshal Zhang Xueliang made a big deal in the Middle East Railway incident, and the "Yalta Agreement" interfered in it......
The dust of history has settled, what does the China Eastern Railway look like today?
Today, let the wind fungus and everyone together, along this railway, enjoy the wonderful scenery left by history on the fertile soil of the Northeast!
Harbin
The "Moscow of the East" pulled by train
▲ Night view of Harbin Highway Bridge. Photo/Visual China
In 1898, a group of Russian railway survey team members came to the bank of the Songhua River, and they bought a dynamous winery called "Tianjia Shaoguo" for 8,000 taels of silver, and repaired houses here to prepare for the construction of the Eastern Railway.
▲ Harbin Old Railway Station, the central station of the Eastern Railway. The Harbin railway station in 1904 and the Kursk railway station in Moscow were almost identical. Photo/Visual China
After the completion of the railway, the arrival of a large number of Russian expatriates quickly changed the face of the Tian family's pot, bringing with them new buildings, new food, new clothing, and new ways of life and beliefs.
St. Nicholas's Church (also known as the Central Great Temple) is a landmark large building in Harbin, and the Orthodox Church is both a symbol of imperial power and the faith of many Russians in theocratic and theocratic Tsarist Russia.
▲ St. Nicholas's Church. When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1904, the Russian troops participating in the war prayed from here and went to Harbin Railway Station to board a military train and rush to the front line of the Liaodong Peninsula. The original building was later burned down, and the picture shows a one-to-one reconstruction of the church on the Volga manor. Photo/Visual China
▲ The overall layout and design of Harbin Middle East Railway Park are based on the theme of relevant elements of the Middle East Railway. Figure/Marketchart.com
▲ Grand Hotel Theater, adjacent to the railway station, is equipped with bathroom, restaurant, living room, barber room, ballroom and other service facilities, is the first luxury hotel in Harbin. Picture/From the Internet
▲ Central Street, located in the heart of Harbin, the whole street is paved with ashlar. Formerly known as China Street, it is a street formed after the Middle East Railway Engineering Bureau allocated the wasteland along the river to the Chinese scattered in Harbin, which means "the street inhabited by the Chinese". Photo/Visual China
▲ Harbin beer. The construction of the China Eastern Railway not only brought a large number of Russian expatriates to Harbin, but also brought Russian specialties to Northeast China. In 1900, Russian businessman Urublevsky opened the first brewery in China to officially produce "Harbin beer". Figure/Marketchart.com
The arrival of the Russian diaspora also brought with it a new language. In the works of Northeast writers, Russian transliterations often appear.
In Xiao Jun's "Inferior People", there are words such as "Badek" (the name of the wine often drunk by low-level Russian laborers) and "Bajinke" (Russian leather boots).
Qiqihar
The place where the Heilongjiang general guarded
▲ Qiqihar. Photo/Visual China
Qiqihar means "frontier" or "ecological pasture" in the Daur language, and is also known as the "Crane City" because of the red-crowned crane, a rare bird of the world.
▲ Flocks of cranes in the Zhalong Wetland Ecological Reserve in Qiqihar. Photo/Visual China
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the Manchus moved into the Qiqihar area one after another, mainly the Manchurian Eight Banners soldiers and their descendants stationed in Qiqihar City, distributed outside the city, and became their own villages, that is, the predecessor of the Manchu settlement villages under the jurisdiction of Angangxi District, Tiefeng District and Meilis District.
When the Russians built the Eastern Railway, they were afraid of the Qing Dynasty garrison and set up the railway station a little farther away. During the puppet Manchukuo period, after the Japanese occupied Qiqihar, a new railway station was built in the city, which was regarded as an important town in North Manchuria.
On the square opposite the Qiqihar railway station stands a sculpture of Sabusu, the first Heilongjiang general who resisted the Russians in the Battle of Yaxa.
▲ Statue of General Sabsu. Photo/Northeast Net
The Qing government appointed a total of 76 Heilongjiang generals. There is a Shoushan Temple in Longsha Park to commemorate the defeated and martyred Heilongjiang General Shoushan.
Longsha Park is a famous green space in Qiqihar City, with many landscapes of historical value.
▲ Longsha Park, the largest century-old park in Northeast China.
For a long time, Qiqihar was the political center of Heilongjiang.
▲ Angangxi Railway Station. After the completion of the Angangxi Railway Station, it has always been a very important locomotive depot location, and it is also a necessary place for Beijing to go to Moscow. Photo/Hornet's Nest
When the China Eastern Railway Line passed through Qiqihar, the first railway station was built in Angangxi, which is far away from the city center. Angangxi is the Mongolian word for "hunting ground", and in the late Qing Dynasty it was called Aung Aqitun.
In the vicinity of the Angangxi railway station, there are a large number of houses left by the Russians, a small number of tall buildings are used for railway ancillary facilities, such as warehouses or locomotive garages, and most of the rest are bungalow houses.
▲ Cemetery of the martyrs of the Soviet Red Army. In August 1945, the Soviet government declared war on Japan. After the liberation of Northeast China, it was built to commemorate the martyrs of the Soviet Red Army who died in the war against Japanese fascism. The cemetery mainly consists of a memorial tower for Soviet martyrs and 16 martyrs' tombs. Picture/Internet history is like smoke
▲ Angang Creek Railway Club. Photo/PhotoFans
▲ Rossia Street, formed in 1907, is a street with well-preserved Russian-style architecture and outstanding characteristics along the Middle Eastern Railway. Photo/qqhr.gov.com
Mudanjiang
Stunning scenery along the river
"Mudanjiang" is derived from the transliteration of the Manchu word "Mudanula", which means "the winding river".
▲ Nanquan Mother's "Mudanjiang" has brought more attention to this city in the Northeast.
From the Shang and Zhou dynasties to the Manchu Qing Dynasty, it has always been the residence of the northern ethnic minorities such as the Jin Ya and the Jurchens, and is one of the sources of Manchu civilization and the second largest Korean ethnic settlement in the country.
▲ The former site of General Ningguta's residence is located in Changting Town, Hailin, Heilongjiang Province, where the largest tributary of the Mudanjiang River, the Hailang River, passes through the town. Picture/From the Internet
The construction of the Eastern Railway provided convenient conditions for immigrants to enter the hinterland of the three eastern provinces, and the railway adopted preferential policies to transport Han people into the customs.
After arriving at the "D" junction, the migrants from the northeast were evacuated to the north, west and east, and 5/8 of them settled in the forest areas and mining areas along the eastern part of the Mudanjiang area.
▲ Mudanjiang Railway Station. Photo/Visual China
The convenience of transportation and the abundance of labor force have injected fresh blood into the development of Mudanjiang. The arrival of the Russian diaspora has also brought a strong exotic atmosphere here.
The Russian area has an elegant environment, superior living conditions, a large area of green belts, parks, and buildings in the same Russian style, with distinctive European urban characteristics.
▲ The small temple of Peony Park, now People's Park. Photo/tukuchina.cn
In addition to the traces brought by colonization, the beautiful scenery of Mudanjiang also makes it different from other cities in this black land.
▲ Jingpo Lake, the largest alpine dammed lake in China and the second largest in the world. Photo/Visual China
▲ Weihu Mountain is famous for its profound red bandit culture and natural landscapes such as strange peaks, forest seas, clouds and waterfalls. The novel "Lin Hai Snow Plain" and the modern Peking opera "Outwitting Weihu Mountain" made Weihu Mountain famous all over the world. The picture shows stills from Shanghai Peking Opera Company's "Outwitting Tiger Mountain". Photo/Visual China
▲ Sandaoguan National Forest Park, the park peaks are towering, forests, rivers, strange rocks, strange peaks and other natural landscapes are unique, and the animal and plant resources are abundant. Picture/From the Internet
▲ Snow Town, formerly known as Shuangfeng Forest Farm. From October to May, the snow is long, and the snowfall is frequent. Photo/Visual China
Yokomichi Kawazi
The Russian flair of a century-old town
You may not have heard its name, but you will not be unfamiliar with it.
This ancient town, founded in 1897, has made many appearances in the movie "Xiao Hong" and the TV series "Cliff".
▲ The Orthodox Church, formerly known as the Church of Our Lady of the Church, is second only to the "St. Nicholas Cathedral" in Harbin. Picture/Song
During the period of Tsarist Russia and the Japanese puppeteers, Hengdaohezi Town has always been a military fortress in Northeast China.
It is also one of the main settlements of Russians in the north-east, and there are more than 200 Russian-style buildings in the town.
▲ The locomotive garage of the Eastern Railway is like an accordion.
Hengdao Hezi is famous for its Russian-style architecture, and the old Russian street here is like a landscape painting left on the roadside.
▲ Oil Painting Village, it is said that since the fifties of the last century, there have been discerning painters who have stepped into this town. In recent years, Hailin City has established the China Hengdao Hezi Oil Painting Village in the town specifically for painters from all over the world. Picture/From the Internet
▲Hengdao Hezi's special gluten cake, if you don't eat it, how dare you say that you have been to Hengdao Hezi?
Suifen River
A city that stands before the gates of the country
The word "Suifen" is derived from the Manchu language, which originally meant "awl", referring to a kind of sharp cone-like snail growing in this river.
At the end of the 19th century, Tsarist Russia began to build the Eastern Railway, and established the fifth station at the three forks of Dongning County on the bank of the Suifen River, named Suifenhe Station. Later, due to geological structure, it moved 50 kilometers to the north and became the location of the current Suifenhe City.
▲ Suifenhe Old Railway Station.
In January 1903, the Qing government set up the "Prime Minister Suifenhe Railway Negotiation Bureau" here, which was known as the place name of Suifenhe.
In the same year, the China Eastern Railway was completed, laying the foundation for transportation, communication and trade in the Suifenhe region, and developed simultaneously with Harbin and Vladivostok (Vladivostok).
▲ Suifenhe National Forest Park Ski Resort. Photo/Hornet's Nest
Since then, envoys and businessmen from 18 countries such as Russia, Japan, North Korea, Britain, France, Italy, and the United States began to gather here, and the cultural and economic and trade exchanges here are extremely prosperous and active.
▲ Chicken stewed mushrooms is a specialty in the Northeast.
▲ The former site of Suifenhe International Underground Transportation Station. Photo/Red Road Spirit
Today, there are many well-preserved historical buildings in Suifenhe urban area after the opening of the Eastern Railway.
▲ The most representative building of Suifenhe, a few hundred meters behind it is Russia. Photo/you.ctrip.com
▲ Russian-style Suifenhe Railway Station waiting room. Photo/Visual China
▲ The big white building of Suifenhe Railway is an annex building of the original Eastern Railway, which was originally the official residence of the prime minister of the Suifenhe Railway Negotiation Bureau, and later became the staff dormitory of the Russian Railway. Photo/Hornet's Nest
▲ The site of the Orthodox Church, located at No. 135, Dazhi Road, Suifenhe City, was built in 1913, also known as the "Xiedaya Nicholas Church", and the tower was partially blown up due to the war in 1945. Photo/blog.sina.com
▲ The former site of the Russian Consulate in Sui, built around 1910, was the Russian Consulate in the early days and the Soviet Consulate in the early days.
▲ Rentou Building (Chichaguofu Tea House), there is a relief carving of "human head face" under the eaves of the roof, hence the name. It was originally a Russian Chichaguov tea house, which was used to store and inspect tea for export. During the occupation, he served as a Japanese consulate. Photo/Visual China
Road signs, shop signs and advertising phrases in Suifenhe are mostly in Chinese and Russian, which is full of exotic style. It is said that it is known as a "Russian-speaking city" because many of its citizens and shop assistants speak Russian.