Pertussis is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the bacillus pertussis, which is transmitted by droplets through coughing or sneezing, and the clinical manifestations are that the cough gradually worsens, showing a typical paroxysmal and spasmodic cough, and the cough ends with a deep inspiratory roar like a chicken cry, and the course of the disease is as long as 2~3 months, so it is called whooping cough.
The basic link in the epidemic process of whooping cough
1. The source of pertussis
Humans are the only natural host of Bordetella pertussis, and patients with pertussis are the main source of infection. For unimmunized children, adolescents and adults are the main source of infection.
2. The main route of transmission of whooping cough
Whooping cough is mainly spread through respiratory droplets: such as coughing and sneezing
3. Susceptible people to whooping cough disease
Before mass vaccination: This period is characterized by the predominantly child-to-adolescent and adult transmission of Bordetella pertussis.
After mass vaccination: adolescents and adults become susceptible and can be transmitted to infants who have not been vaccinated or have not completed primary immunization. The distinctive feature of pertussis transmission during this period is that it is transmitted from adolescents and adults to infants.
4. How long does pertussis take to develop?
The incubation period is 2 days ~ 21 days, generally 7 days ~ 10 days.
5. When did pertussis become contagious?
It is contagious from the beginning of the incubation period to 6 weeks after the onset of illness, and is especially contagious from the end of the incubation period to 2-3 weeks after the onset of the catarrhal phase.
In addition: immunity, whether from vaccination or natural infection, does not last a lifetime.
6. How to prevent the occurrence of whooping cough disease?
Vaccination containing pertussis-containing vaccine is the most effective measure to prevent pertussis, in addition, try to avoid going to crowded places, wear a mask when going out, ventilate the room frequently, wash the clothes in the sun, etc., keep the environment clean, and adults should pay attention to maintaining hygiene to avoid carrying bacteria to children.
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