Building materials industry
It is the basic raw material industry and pillar industry of the mainland
The mainland is also the world's largest producer and consumer of building materials
Cement, flat glass, fiberglass, photovoltaic glass, etc
It accounts for more than 50% of global production and consumption
2023
The national building materials industry has co-occurred
There were 301 production safety accidents and 302 deaths
(excluding fire, special equipment, and construction accidents)
There was one major accident and four deaths
The top five industries in terms of the number of production safety accidents are
Cement products, stone, bricks and tiles, cement production, ceramics
The top five accident types are:
Mechanical injuries, falls from heights, vehicle injuries, object strikes, and collapses
01
Security Risk Warning
Judging from the accident situation in recent years, the total number of general accidents in the building materials industry is more, and larger accidents occur from time to time. Combined with the characteristics of industry distribution and accident lessons, the safety risk tips are as follows:
No.1
Significant Risks
1. Cellars, pits, wells, pools and other limited spaces with toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide or insufficient oxygen content, and personnel carrying out limited space operations under the condition of insufficient gas ventilation replacement and failure to do a good job of safety protection may lead to poisoning and suffocation accidents.
2. When the manual cleaning operation of the cylindrical storage, the cleaning operation plan is not strictly implemented; before entering the cylindrical storage, roasting kiln, preheater cyclone, decomposition furnace, shaft furnace, grate cooler, mill and crusher, the isolation measures are not in place, the equipment is accidentally started, and the material suddenly influxes may lead to collapse and fall from height.
3. The accumulation of combustible dust at the operation sites such as raw coal stockpiles, coal mill workshops, and coal homogenization warehouses is serious, or the explosion-proof measures of the dust dry dust removal system are not in place; The cooling water of the glass tin bath and other equipment leaks into the furnace, and the high-temperature molten glass liquid meets the water, the gas furnace using the premixed combustion method will backfire when the gas loses pressure, the cooling water of the electric furnace of electric melting products enters the molten liquid and is rapidly heated and gasified, or the furnace body burns through and causes the leakage of high-temperature molten liquid, which may cause an explosion accident.
No.2
Greater risk
1. All kinds of high-temperature kilns, such as cement rotary kilns, glass melting kilns, ceramics, wall materials, refractory tunnel kilns, drying towers, heating furnaces, cupolas, etc., the lack of furnace safety protection or accidental contact with personnel may lead to burning accidents.
2. Cement warehouse, raw material warehouse, slag warehouse, fly ash warehouse, pulverized coal warehouse, batching warehouse and other types of material warehouse, some material warehouses have no design, disrepair, poor structural stability; when the materials in the warehouse are loosely piled up, the material fluidity is strong, which may lead to collapse accidents.
3. A large number of high-speed rotating equipment such as crushers, belt conveyors, and screw conveyors are used in the production of cement, wall materials, and stone; high-speed rotating equipment such as fans, water pumps, air compressors, wire drawing machines, feeding machines, short cutting machines, winding machines, strapping machines, and film winding machines are used in the production of glass and ceramics; and the safety enclosure devices of high-speed rotating equipment are incomplete or malfunctioning, and the maintenance is not in place, which may lead to mechanical injury accidents.
4. In extreme cold weather such as snowfall, freezing rain, and cold waves, the water-cooling equipment of flat glass furnaces, tin tanks and electric furnaces for electric melting products may cause the cooling system to fail under the condition of low temperature freezing, causing the furnace body to burn through and cause the leakage of high-temperature molten substances;
5. Leakage of liquid ammonia and ammonia used in the denitrification process, and the ventilation equipment is closed in violation of regulations due to cold weather in relatively closed workplaces, resulting in the accumulation of toxic and harmful or flammable and explosive gases, which may lead to poisoning and suffocation accidents.
No.3
New risks
The promotion and application of new technologies and new materials in the building materials industry has not only promoted the rapid development of the building materials industry, but also brought some new risks and brought new challenges to the safety production of the building materials industry.
1. The use of sizing in the production process of glass fiber, accidental leakage during the preparation and use of sizing, or poor ventilation conditions of the infiltration chamber may lead to poisoning and suffocation accidents.
2. The application of new carbon-reducing technologies such as alternative fuels and carbon supplementation, insufficient identification of harmful factors or inadequate management; the increase of environmental protection building materials enterprises, the composition of raw material warehouses and auxiliary material warehouses of such enterprises is not fixed, and the ventilation conditions in the production process are poor; air purification, sewage treatment and other environmental protection equipment are widely used in the building materials industry, and the design and installation defects or improper use and maintenance may lead to explosion accidents.
3. Accidental falling and collision of materials in the cleaning and assembly process of liquid asphalt warehouses and graphitization furnaces in the carbon manufacturing industry may lead to falling and collapse accidents from heights.
02
Suggested next steps
(1) Continue to promote the standardization of enterprise safety production. Continue to promote the standardization of safety production in building materials enterprises, urge enterprises to improve the independent management mechanism, strengthen the control of the operation status of enterprises that meet the standards, and strictly supervise the grading work. Promote flat glass, gypsum board and other building materials enterprises to carry out the construction of safety production standardization, and encourage new building materials enterprises to carry out the construction of safety production standardization.
(2) In-depth investigation and rectification of potential accidents. Supervise and urge enterprises to establish a normalized mechanism for self-examination and self-improvement of major accident hazards, and carry out investigation and rectification in strict accordance with the "Judgment Standards for Major Accident Hazards in Industry and Trade Enterprises". Guide enterprises to highlight high-risk operations such as silo clearance, inspection and maintenance, and contracting operations, strengthen safety management and safety risk management and control, and focus on preventing accidents such as mechanical injuries, falls from heights, and vehicle injuries caused by conveying equipment, mixing equipment, and working faces (human standing operating surfaces).
(3) Analyze and judge new risks in a timely manner. In view of the new technology, new materials and new technologies for energy conservation and emission reduction widely used in the industry, relying on large group enterprises and scientific research institutes, we will study and judge the characteristics of accidents in the building materials industry and the new risks that may occur in advance, formulate targeted preventive measures, and strictly prevent the occurrence of new risk types of accidents. Urge enterprises to carry out safety risk assessment and implement targeted control measures when applying new processes.
(4) Strengthen the construction of informatization and digital intelligence. Promote advanced technologies such as big data, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, promote the construction of automatic cement packaging and safety intelligent management and control platforms, and advocate enterprises to carry out mechanical inventory clearance, realize "mechanized substitution, automation and reduction", and reduce the risk of high-risk places and on-site operations. Explore the development of safety production risk monitoring and early warning systems for building materials enterprises, and improve the informatization and intelligence level of enterprise safety management.
(Source: Work Safety Law Enforcement and Industry and Trade Safety Supervision and Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management)
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