Recently, many places in the north of the mainland have been hit by a cold vortex and cold air, the temperature has plummeted, the wind and sand are raging, the lightning and thunder, and the torrential rain has poured down, bringing a very special spring weather experience to many places. However, this is only a small episode in the spring climate, as a strong hot and dry air mass is about to strike as the cold air recedes, and temperatures begin to rise in many parts of the northern part of the continent.
First, the dry and hot air mass attacked on May 1st
According to the monitoring data of the Central Meteorological Observatory, in the past day, there were strong winds and dust weather in some parts of the northern part of the mainland, the wind in central Inner Mongolia was strong, and the local gusty wind reached 9~10; and in some areas of eastern Xinjiang and southern Xinjiang basin, central and eastern Gansu, southern Ningxia, central Shaanxi, and central and southern Henan, there were blowing sand or floating dust weather. It is expected that in the next three days, the temperature in most parts of the north will rise significantly, especially in the southern part of North China, Huanghuai and other places The maximum temperature during the day will exceed 28 degrees, and Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Zhengzhou and other major cities are expected to hit 30 degrees.
But in fact, after this warming, during the May Day period, a stronger continental warm ridge is about to form, and more hot and dry air masses will attack eastward, bringing a large-scale warming process to the north, and some areas may set new highs for the year this year.
The supercomputer's forecast pointed out that in the fluctuation of the oscillating westerly wind belt, after the end of the cold vortex activity at the end of April, an extremely strong continental warm ridge will soon envelop the northern part of the mainland, and under the cover of the continental warm ridge, the inland areas will quickly form a hot and dry air mass and attack eastward, and many places in North China, Huanghuai, and Northeast China will heat up sharply during the May Day period.
A continental warm ridge refers to a ridge of high pressure that forms on a continent, and its main characteristics are warmth and stability. The formation of continental warm ridges is related to the heating of the earth's surface. When the surface is exposed to strong solar radiation, a large amount of heat is generated, which increases the temperature of the air near the surface, decreases the density, and increases the pressure, forming a ridge of high pressure. The existence of a warm continental ridge will block the southward movement of cold air and inhibit the development of convective clouds, resulting in clear weather and few clouds, and the temperature will continue to rise, forming a positive feedback process.
Second, 30 degrees is basically determined to enter the Northeast!
Hot and dry air mass refers to a type of air mass that forms in inland areas, and its main characteristics are dry and hot. The formation of hot and dry air masses is closely related to changes in atmospheric circulation. We know that the climate in the northern part of the continent is influenced by the westerly wind belt, a prevailing wind that blows from west to east, and its intensity and location vary with the seasons and weather systems. In the westerly wind belt, some low-pressure systems, such as cold vortices, westerly troughs, etc., often occur, which bring cooling and precipitation to the north. However, when there is a oscillation in the westerly wind belt, there will be some high-pressure systems, such as the continental warm ridge, which will bring warming and drought to the north.
According to the supercomputer forecast, under the control of the continental warm ridge, a large number of hot and dry air masses begin to form from the surface heating of the inland areas, and its main characteristics are dryness and heat. The formation of hot and dry air masses is related to the lack of water vapor. When the surface of the inland area is exposed to strong solar radiation, a large amount of evaporation is generated, which reduces the water vapor content of the air near the surface and the relative humidity decreases, forming a dry air mass. The presence of hot and dry air masses will aggravate the evaporation of water, and will also inhibit the formation of clouds and rain, resulting in dry weather and little rain, forming a positive feedback process.
The appearance of hot and dry air masses will bring a series of effects to the northern regions of the mainland - hot and dry air masses are characterized by dryness and heat, which will make the temperature in the northern areas rise significantly, even reaching more than 30 degrees.
For example, supercomputer simulations show that on May 3, the temperature in many places in the east-southeast of Inner Mongolia and the northeast plain of the mainland will rise sharply, and even the temperature will exceed 30 degrees in some areas. For these places, it is likely to be the highest temperature this year.
In general, as the direct point of the sun is moving northward, dry, hot and dry air masses are beginning to form and grow in the inland areas, which will bring a wider range of warming processes to the northern regions. According to the current forecast, the hot and dry air mass will attack eastward during the May Day period, and the scope of influence will cover North China, Huanghuai, Northeast China and other places, and the temperature will exceed 30 degrees in some areas.