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The story of several big devils
Text/Yan Lingyang
01
World War II caused a devastation of human lives, huge losses in the lives and economies of many countries and people, and several major fascist demons played a role in fueling the troubles.
We are all familiar with the story of Hitler, but what many people don't know is that Mussolini was the bigger speculator.
Born in Italy to a family of blacksmiths, he graduated from the Normal School at the age of eighteen and became a teacher, but he did not want to teach, so he went to Switzerland and joined the Socialist Party.
As a young man, he was also relatively able to jump, and was later expelled from the Swiss government for his political involvement.
He then travelled extensively in Europe, taking part in various workers' movements, and later became the leader of the left majority of the Italian Socialist Party.
At the age of 38, he founded the Fascist Party. The number of party members increased dramatically, and the members of the party, all dressed in black shirts, also known as the "black shirts", attacked their opponents with great vigour.
After Mussolini came to power, he pursued a dictatorial reign of terror at home and invaded abroad. For example, he invaded Ethiopia and intervened with Germany in the Spanish Civil War, and then slowly allied himself with Germany and Japan to oppose the Comintern.
When Germany swept across Europe, Mussolini changed his wait-and-see attitude, officially declared war on Britain and France, and wanted to expand his territory into Africa in order to become the hegemon of the Mediterranean.
However, at that time, Italy could not compare with the strength of Germany and Japan. If it weren't for the support of Germany, they would not have fought at all, but the war cost enormous, which also caused domestic resentment to boil.
When the Anglo-American coalition counterattacked, some people in Italy wanted to take the opportunity to overthrow Mussolini's rule, and Mussolini was relatively light and was sent to prison by his political enemies.
Interestingly, after he was imprisoned, none of the people who usually bowed down to him went to save him.
And his political enemies announced that they would join the Anglo-American coalition and declare war on Germany, and Hitler realized at this time that he should save Mussolini, so he sent troops to rescue him, and he really rescued Mussolini by plane.
Hitler asked him to re-establish the fascist puppet regime in northern Italy, but Mussolini at this time had lost his heart.
Hitler was later defeated on all fronts, and Mussolini saw that his backer was about to fall, so he tried to escape to Switzerland with his mistress, but was caught by the Italian partisans, executed, and his body was transported back to Lanshi for public display, at the age of 61.
And how cruel was Mussolini to his wife?
When he was 34 years old, he married a female beautician, and the two were very affectionate at first, but then he felt that his wife was blocking his future (she did not agree with his political views), and he himself continued to cheat, so he put his wife and son in a psychiatric hospital.
Later, he came to find a mistress who was 29 years younger than him and admired him very much, and it was this mistress who accompanied him to his death.
02
Hitler certainly had two more intellects than Mussolini, and his ingenuity was definitely above Mussolini's, but unfortunately it was used in the wrong place.
When he was a child, his family was not wealthy, and his father was a civil servant. His mother, who was originally a servant in his father's family, was 23 years younger than his father, and later ascended to the throne as a mistress and became his father's third wife.
He was a bully in elementary school, but later became a poor student due to his father's retirement, frequent moves, and neglect of him. Hitler later said in his autobiography that his father wanted him to be a civil servant, and that he only wanted to be a painter.
When his father died, Hitler was 14 years old, and he simply dropped out of school, wandered around, and developed a strong interest in political history. After his mother's death, he went to Vienna and became an anti-Semite.
At that time, Hitler was very concerned about the political situation and summed up a lesson: any political party, in order to become a weapon, must mobilize the masses, and to mobilize the masses, it must learn to propagandize.
Then, he began to deliberately practice his speech. His speech was particularly incendiary. For example, at that time, many people at the bottom of Germany were very inferior because they had no money, and he threw out a view that "the German nation is the best and most noble nation in the world", and everyone's blood boiled.
During the First World War, Hitler still did not make a name for himself, did not work, did not achieve anything, and did not become a painter. He ran to unaccompanied Munich and wrote a letter to one of the leaders of Germany at the time, asking to join his army.
Then, he became a communications soldier, and when he was a soldier, he was also very diligent, and his professional ability surpassed that of his comrades, and he was also promoted because he risked his life to save the life of the regiment commander.
In the army, he was super self-disciplined, did not smoke, did not drink too much, did not covet beauty, but only concentrated on reading, drawing, and practicing speeches.
At the end of World War I, Germany was defeated and needed to compensate for all the losses of the war. At the time, it was also pointed out that the Paris Peace Conference did not leave room for Germany and could provoke a frenzy of revanchism, but this suggestion was not adopted.
Later, the German military wanted to set up an intelligence service, and Hitler was conscripted into the army and became a spy. His oratorical skills made him stand out, and at the same time he was noticed by the leaders of the German Workers' Party and entered the leadership team. At this time, he was only 30 years old.
After Hitler was discharged from the army, he developed the Workers' Party into the Nazi Party, which quickly grew in strength and became the leader of the party.
After that, it was the battle for power, and Hitler launched an insurrection, but failed, and was sent to prison. After two years, he re-established his party and became the Führer.
In 1929, when the world economic crisis broke out, Hitler took the opportunity to publicize that his political enemies had destroyed everything in Germany, and promised that if he took office, he would give the German people a good life.
In this way, he took power by assassination, through the back door, and painted a big pie, and ran to become the country's prime minister, followed by reforms.
Specifically, it was to eliminate political opponents politically, to engage in planned production economically, to expand armaments militarily, and to build up the self-confidence and superiority of the German nation culturally through the massacre of the Jews.
As soon as he expanded his army, Britain, France and other countries shouted, but they only shouted and did not act, Hitler saw this and continued to expand the army, and formed an alliance with Italy and Japan, and the fascist bloc of the three countries was formally formed.
By the end of the thirties, Germany's military strength was already very strong, the economic situation was improving, Hitler began to fight Austria, Britain and France only protested, shouted, but did not act, Hitler annexed Austria, and then invaded Czechoslovakia, Britain and France still only shouted.
The Soviet Union in the north was ruled by Stalin, and the Soviet Union did not want to go to war, and signed a non-war pact with Hitler.
When the time was ripe, Hitler said that Germany had been invaded by Poland, and he was going to be "forced to fight back", and then attacked Poland.
As soon as the fight began, several small European countries did not fight at all, and neither did France, and surrendered within a few days of fighting, Hitler was invincible all the way, and the main enemies became Britain and the Soviet Union.
Hitler fought the Soviet Union for the first time, and the strong resistance of the Soviet Red Army made the German army pay a heavy price for every step forward, and later the Soviet Red Army won a decisive victory.
In the Eastern Theater, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the United States entered the war, Britain actively supported, and Germany suffered a crushing defeat.
Hitler felt that his end had come, officially married his mistress, and shot himself. His mistress swallowed poison and their bodies were cremated with gasoline, but some say he ran away with makeup.
Hitler's "Mein Kampf" was written when he was in prison, and it was not much about his own story, but more about his political views.
You'll think he's a madman when you read him, but if you have a low IQ, it's really easy to be fooled by him.
03
When a country wants to invade another country, it is most effective to engage in racial superiority or racial discrimination when mobilizing the minds of its own people.
When Japan invaded China, many bad things were done by people in the army, but in terms of ideological mobilization, there were mainly two people, one named Kita Yihui and the other named Okawa Zhouming.
Kita Yihui is the son of a village chief who makes wine, and his education is only junior high school, and he has had eye diseases since he was a child. After his father died, his family was in the middle of the road, and he was at the bottom and achieved nothing, becoming an "angry youth".
He used to believe in socialism, and he also participated in the League led by Sun Yat-sen, and was very familiar with Song Jiaoren.
China's May Fourth Movement made him feel that it was an anti-Japanese movement, and when he returned, he began to write various books and theories to demonstrate the superiority of the Yamato nation and the feasibility of Japan establishing a Japan-centered Asian co-prosperity sphere through war.
At that time, the Japanese militarist ideology was surging, and he quickly gained the support of the military department, and his treatises were also regarded as "holy texts" by Japanese fascists.
After the end of World War I, the warring countries frantically divided the "world cake," and Japan's desire to obtain all the rights and interests of Germany in China was opposed by the Chinese, which made Japan feel even more aggrieved, because they believed that China needed Japan's "help" so that it would not be encroached upon by the Western powers, but China actually did not think about retribution, and still wanted to exclude, reject, and oppose Japan, which was simply "ungrateful."
His ideas were also supported by many young Japanese people. However, at this time, the people who supported the emperor and the military department in Japan were also very infighting, and Kita Ikki planned a coup d'état, under the banner of "respecting the emperor and rape", killing important members of the military government, and later the main culprits were severely suppressed, including Kita Ikki. And the military department took this incident as an opportunity to completely slide down the road of no return to militarism.
And Okawa Zhouming is also a person who relies on books to speak and encourage the Nazis, he is even more talented than Kita Yihui, proficient in many foreign languages, and rich in learning.
The book he wrote also shouted that the Yamato nation was the best nation in the world, and that Japan's territory should be expanded to China. And his books have even become textbooks for Japanese students.
After the defeat of Japan, although he was just a skinny writer, he was still tried as a Class A war criminal, and during the trial, he pretended to be crazy and stupid, and also photographed Hideki Tojo's bald head, which made people think he was crazy.
The court also gave him a psychiatric evaluation, which turned out to be mentally ill.
After that, he remained in the hospital until 1948, when the Tokyo Trial Court was dissolved and he was discharged.
But at that time, there was no diplomacy in a weak country, and the decision on the trial was in the hands of Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, etc., and people said that he had mental illness, so there was.
In this way, he lived until 1957, and only when he was dying did he confess that he was pretending to be that year.
And these people always remind me of a quote from Fyodor Dostoevsky in The Brothers Karamazov: "The devil fights with God, and the battlefield is the human heart." ”
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Author: Yan Lingyang, born in the 80s, emotional columnist, author of new feminism, member of the Chinese Writers Association. He is the author of the best-selling books "Those That Make You Miserable, One Day You Will Say It with a Smile", "May You Let Go of the Past and Be Worthy of the Future", "May You Have a Journey and a Way Out", "I'm Divorced", "With Your Rivers and Lakes Are Not Lonely - An Alternative Interpretation of Jin Yong's Martial Arts Novels" and the children's picture book "Mom's House, Dad's House". With 13 years of experience in financial industry (management), he is currently the founder of a cultural information consulting company in Guangzhou and the co-founder of a cultural media company. Born in Lijiang, Yunnan Province, he now lives in Guangzhou.
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