This content comes from @What is worth buying APP, and the views only represent the author's own |Author: Feifan Feifan
In the past six months, I bought a lot of No. 5 batteries because of smart door locks, alarm clocks, remote controls, etc., and then I habitually hesitated when I bought them, they are all batteries, why are there a few cents, a few pieces, and dozens of pieces?, are they the same within the scope of the national standard? Or do they have different implementation standards? So I started to solve the puzzles of life, this time for the battery.
The battery mentioned in this article refers to the cylindrical battery that is commonly used in supermarkets, excluding batteries used in mobile phones and cars.
1. What are the daily batteries?
A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and is divided into dry batteries and rechargeable batteries based on whether they can be reused or not.
The ordinary No. 5 and No. 7 batteries we use in daily life, also called dry batteries, are called "primary batteries" in the national standard, and the interpretation is: batteries designed according to non-rechargeable batteries.
For the sake of convenience, this article is still called dry battery.
The dry batteries all follow the national standard GB-T 8897.2-2021, and interested friends can refer to it by themselves.
The most common dry batteries are No. 1, No. 2, No. 5, No. 7, 9V batteries, button batteries, etc., but in the new national standard has been modified the naming of these batteries, brainless summary, the number of batteries is related to the diameter of the battery, the smaller the number, the larger the diameter, the larger the size, the more power it carries. Therefore, the size and power ranking are the same: No. 1 battery> No. 2 battery> No. 5 battery> No. 7 battery> button battery, and 9V battery are counted separately.
The national standard is called R20 battery, also known as D-type battery, which is the largest and highest capacity among cylindrical batteries, taking alkaline batteries as an example, with a power of more than 8000mAh (the calculation is based on the description of the characteristics and electrical performance requirements of LR20 batteries in GB-T 8897.2-2021, take the approximate number, the same below).
In the past, it was an important part of the flashlight, which is one of the three major pieces of electrical appliances, how many people still remember the yellow paper wrapped in the Chinese brand battery?
At present, it is mainly used in gas stoves and some non-strong water heaters.
No. 1 batteries are divided into two categories according to materials, which are alkaline batteries (LR20) and carbon batteries (R20S and R20P).
Alkaline batteries have greater output power, higher capacity, and better environmental protection than carbon batteries, and alkaline batteries are mainly used for daily use, among which R20S is an ordinary carbon battery, and R20P is a high-power carbon battery.
The output current of carbon batteries is small, the battery capacity is small, and it is rarely used at present, and some businesses will recommend it to electrical appliances such as clocks and watches.
The national standard is called R14 battery, also called C-type battery, slightly smaller than the No. 1 battery, its power should be more than 5000mAh, because the No. 2 battery is mostly used in radios, flashlights, old-fashioned wall clocks, water heaters and other old equipment, and is currently gradually withdrawn from the market.
One of the batteries we are most familiar with, very widely used, the national standard is called R6 battery, the popular model is called AA battery, the power should be more than 1500mAh, is the most common battery in daily life.
No. 5 battery can be divided into alkaline battery, carbon battery and lithium iron battery according to the material, alkaline battery and carbon battery in the No. 1 battery said no more, here the focus is on the current rare lithium iron battery, its potential and advantages are great, high energy density, low self-discharge rate, low voltage attenuation, stable and reliable, good environmental protection, this type of battery explosion-proof level is high, can be used in coal mines, gas, military, smelting and other flammable and explosive occasions. The disadvantage is that it is expensive, a battery costs about 5 yuan, which is twice that of the common Nanfu battery, but the performance is not twice as high, and the cost performance of ordinary civilians is not high.
The national standard is called R03 battery (note that it is 03, not 3), the popular model is called AAA battery, the power is more than 600mAh, and the mainstream material of No. 7 battery is roughly the same as No. 5, so I will not repeat it.
It is a special-shaped battery, which is no longer cylindrical in shape, and its nominal voltage is 9V, which is quite different from the voltage of 1.5V of ordinary batteries, and mixed use may lead to damage to electrical appliances. This type of battery is shaped like a cuboid, with two bumps at the top of the positive and negative poles, which look like two connected batteries. 9V batteries are mainly used in devices that require high power supply voltage, such as multimeters, walkie-talkies, wireless microphones, clock radios, smoke detectors, electric models, etc. In terms of material, its main types are alkaline batteries (6LR61, 6LP3146) and carbon batteries (6F22).
Coin cell batteries, also known as button batteries, get their name because they resemble small button buttons.
Unlike No. 5 and No. 7 batteries, which have a basic fixed voltage of 1.5V, there are many types of coin cell batteries, and the voltage is also different, so I will not list them all here.
Due to its small size, coin cell batteries have a wide range of applications, including but not limited to hearing aids, remote controls, digital watches, calculators, electric meters, small controllers, etc.
Second, the key parameters of the battery
1. Nominal voltage
The nominal voltage is the ideal voltage level required for the battery to operate normally, and it represents the voltage selection at the time of the battery design, also known as the discharge platform voltage or rated voltage. In practical use, the voltage of the battery will be affected by a variety of factors.
When you buy a battery, you must see clearly the voltage that your electrical appliances are suitable for, and the battery voltage is not suitable for the voltage required by the electrical appliances, which will either fail to run or cause the circuit to burn out.
2. Battery capacity
The most intuitive criterion for users to judge the quality of the battery, everyone says that Nanfu is good, that is, Nanfu has more capacity than other brands of batteries of the same size.
The unit of battery capacity is usually "milliampere-hour", which is simply "mAh".
Xiaomi battery
3. Self-discharge rate
The self-discharge rate is the rate at which the battery will naturally lose power when it is not in use.
The self-discharge rate is affected by factors such as the battery material, the temperature of the storage environment, etc.
For example, the self-discharge rate of carbon batteries is relatively high, alkaline batteries are in the middle, lithium-iron batteries are the lowest, and the lowest lithium-iron batteries store the longest energy and have the smallest loss.
You should also pay attention to the storage environment, and a cool, dry place is a wise choice.
4. Internal resistance
The internal resistance of the battery can be understood as the "resistance" inside the battery, and the rechargeable battery needs to look at this.
The smaller the internal resistance, the higher the efficiency of the battery when it is powered by electricity, the less the battery heats up, and the more stable the performance. The magnitude of the internal resistance will increase with the aging of the battery, which is why some batteries not only have less power after a long time, but also are easy to heat.
3. Questions about the use of electricity
1. Can different brands of batteries be mixed?
Not recommended.
Different brands of batteries, even the same model, may have subtle differences in materials and manufacturing processes that can lead to inconsistent discharge curves and voltages. When these batteries are mixed, their performance may affect each other, resulting in shorter battery life and possibly even leakage or other damage.
2. Can I mix old and new batteries?
Not recommended.
The charge and internal resistance of the new battery and the old battery are often different, and when mixed, the new battery may charge the old battery, resulting in wasted energy. In addition, older batteries have a larger internal resistance and may not be able to withstand the same discharge current as new batteries, accelerating their aging process.
3. Can disposable batteries be charged?
No, and dangerously.
Alkaline or carbon-based batteries, which are designed for single use, are chemically reversible. If used to recharge, it may cause damage to the internal structure and even dangerous leakage or explosion.
4. Can the nominal voltage of the battery be used if it is inconsistent with the voltage of the electrical equipment?
Not recommended.
Although the device is designed with a certain voltage tolerance range, it is not entirely undesirable to deny the possibility of compromising performance or safety beyond this range, but in general, a mismatched battery will not allow the device to run or even be destroyed.
Fourth, battery brand recommendation
To buy a battery, Nanfu is definitely a brand that can't be bypassed, "one section is stronger than six sections" This advertising slogan can be said to be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, there is a saying, the capacity and durability of Nanfu batteries are absolutely first-class in various brands, but there is no stronger than six batteries (or even six carbon batteries), this reservation, let's test it in the next article. The price of No. 5 battery is 2.5 yuan per day, the price is high, and the sales volume is also high.
Xiaomi rainbow batteries are loved by many young consumers for their colorful colors and affordable prices. The most distinctive thing about it is that it uses different colors to mark each battery, making it easy and fun to distinguish between old and new batteries.
The electric capacity is not bad, it is said that there is a comparison with Nanfu, 13.9 yuan 10 sections of the price, each section is only half of Nanfu, the cost performance is extremely high, if it is not only sold in Xiaomi mall or Xiaomi store, I believe that Nanfu has to fight.
I feel that the Beijing-made battery was born to benchmark Xiaomi. The appearance is also the use of rainbow colors (now it seems that everyone is paying tribute to Xiaomi),The battery performance is said to be good,The price is even hit9.9Yuan 10,Less than a dollar a battery,But if you want to buy it, you can only go to Jingdong,Limit many people,Especially the desire of middle-aged and elderly people to buy。
Compared with alkaline batteries, lithium iron batteries are still a new thing in the eyes of the general public, and the time-resistant battery is a brand with a high degree of recognition in lithium iron batteries, and the No. 5 battery is known as 3000mAh capacity, which can indeed beat all alkaline batteries, which is undoubtedly good news for friends who are anxious about power. However, its price is really expensive, the average price of 7 yuan a section, it doesn't feel cost-effective, I hope that in the future, there is still room for price reduction of time-resistant batteries.
Let's talk so much about the recommendation link, other brands of batteries are not bad, such as Double Lion, Double Deer, Super Master, etc., the recognition in daily interviews is not too high, so I consider saving it for analysis when I evaluate it. It turns out that when I was a child, there was a very brainwashing brand - Duracell (the rabbit that beat chicken blood), and now I don't know what happened, let's evaluate it later.
5. Summary
Don't look at a simple small battery,There's still a lot of knowledge in it,That's all for today's introduction to you,Let's do a popular science for you first,The next article will be a horizontal test of battery capacity,Let's see,Who is the most cost-effective battery?Is Nanfu still a big guy?Is Xiaomi Jingdong cost-effective as the legend goes?
That's all for today's article~
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