1. Fire safety management
1. The owner or person in charge of production of the small workshop should carry out fire prevention inspections every day, focusing on the safety exits, evacuation channels, fire-fighting facilities and equipment, as well as the safety of fire, electricity, gas, combustibles, etc.;
2. The owner or production person in charge of the small workshop should carry out fire safety education and training for employees, and employees should know the location of evacuation channels, safety exits and fire extinguishing equipment, and should be able to report fire, escape and self-rescue, and use fire extinguishing equipment.
3. Production equipment that produces high temperature or uses open flames should be supervised by special personnel during production and use. When dangerous goods such as alcohol and paint are used in production, managers should be implemented and strict operating procedures should be implemented.
4. The safety exits on the first floor and the exits leading to the closed stairwells, outdoor stairs and roof platforms should not be locked, and the openable external windows should not be blocked or blocked.
5. Fire extinguishers and other fire-fighting facilities and equipment should be in good condition and effective.
2. Building fire protection requirements
1. The fire resistance level of the building should be one or two grades, and should not be lower than the third grade. When it is a Class III fire-resistant building, the number of floors should not exceed 2 floors, and the total construction area should not exceed 1,000 square meters. When the building component is a metal sandwich panel, the combustion performance grade of the core material should be Class A.
2. Small plus workshops should not be set up in underground and semi-underground buildings (rooms).
3. Non-combustible solid walls should be used for fireproof separation between different functional parts such as processing and storage in the building.
4. When the construction area of any floor is greater than 250 square meters, or the number of production people at the same time exceeds 20 people, there should be no less than 2 safety exits on the first floor, and there should be no less than 2 evacuation stairs. The distance from any point in the interior of a Class C single-storey factory to the nearest safety exit should not be greater than 60 meters, and the multi-storey should not be greater than 40 meters.
5. The evacuation staircase in the building should lead to the roof platform. Evacuation doors inside the building and to the roof should be opened in the direction of evacuation and should be easily opened from the inside in the event of a fire.
6. When setting up closed metal fences in windows, balconies and other parts, it should be ensured that they are easy to open from the inside, and auxiliary evacuation and escape facilities such as escape ladders should be set up.
7. The processing and production area should be equipped with openable external windows. The area of openable external windows should not be less than 2% of the floor area of the premises.
3. Requirements for fire-fighting facilities
1. Any building with a construction area of more than 250 square meters or a total construction area of more than 500 square meters should be equipped with independent smoke detectors, and if conditions permit, an automatic fire alarm system should be set up.
2. Any building with a construction area of more than 250 square meters or a total construction area of more than 500 square meters should be equipped with a simple automatic sprinkler system or a fire hose reel (light fire hose), and if possible, an automatic sprinkler system should be installed.
3. The building should be equipped with fire extinguishers, fire alarm devices and evacuation lighting.
4. Fire hazard control
1. It is strictly forbidden to store flammable and explosive dangerous goods in the processing and production area. When dangerous goods such as alcohol and paint are used in production, the amount used should be strictly controlled (calculated based on the amount used in one day).
2. Kitchens using gas cooktops should have natural ventilation conditions and should be fire-separated from processing and storage areas.
3. Metal pipes or flame-retardant plastic sleeves should be worn when the electrical circuits are laid open. Do not pull the wires without permission. It is strictly forbidden to overload the use of electrical equipment.
4. The high-temperature parts on the surface of lighting fixtures and electric heating equipment should be kept at a safe distance from combustibles, and fire protection measures such as heat insulation and heat dissipation should be taken when close to combustibles.
5. No warehouses or combustibles shall be built around the outer walls of the building and within the fire spacing. Goods should not be stacked near evacuation routes and safety exits in the building.
6. Electric vehicles should be parked and charged outdoors, and should not be parked in stairwells, evacuation passages, safety exits and other parts when parked indoors.
5. Safety management of key links
1. Engage in production and processing activities within the scope of business in accordance with the law, clarify the safety operation procedures of relevant personnel and posts, and strictly implement them, and strictly prohibit illegal command, illegal operations, and violations of labor discipline.
2. Conduct regular safety inspections on relevant equipment and facilities to ensure that relevant equipment and facilities are in a safe state, and it is strictly forbidden to remove safety protection devices, interlocking devices, sound and light warning devices, etc. without authorization.
3. Small workshops that involve entering the cellar, tank, storage room, wine tank, fermentation tank and other limited space places, before the implementation of limited space operations, self-employed persons should strictly implement the principle of "ventilation first, then testing, and then operation", organize relevant operator training, safety disclosure and equipped with effective emergency protection measures, and clarify the division of labor and responsibilities of guardians and operators before they can operate.
4. For small workshops using high-power electrical equipment, operators should check the power lines and charge loads before using the equipment, and standardize the laying of power lines; regularly inspect the power lines and electrical lines, and replace the damaged and aging lines in a timely manner; it is strictly forbidden to change the three-phase plug to two phases without authorization, and to do a good job of grounding the equipment and facilities in accordance with the relevant regulations; it is strictly forbidden to carry out electrical line operations and maintenance without authorization or entrusting personnel who do not have electrical work qualifications; Switches and other places should be kept dry, or waterproof sockets should be used.
5. When the operator engages in or organizes personnel to engage in high-altitude operations of more than 2 meters, it is strictly forbidden to independently engage in high-altitude operations, and it is strictly forbidden to work with high blood pressure, heart disease, epilepsy, fear of heights and other people who are not suitable for high-altitude work.
6. Engaged in machining, maintenance of small workshops, to regularly maintain the machinery and equipment, it is strictly forbidden to remove mechanical protective cover, overload protection and other protective devices;
7. For small workshops involving grain grinding and other grain primary processing and explosive dust, the operator shall regularly organize dust cleaning by means of flushing and vacuuming to ensure that the electrical equipment in Zone 20 meets the explosion-proof requirements.
8. Small workshops that use simple lifting machinery, small boilers, drying furnaces and other special equipment should organize and carry out special equipment inspection and testing in strict accordance with relevant regulations, and employees should have corresponding special operation qualification certificates.
9. Small workshops that use gas should install gas leakage alarm and emergency shut-off devices as required, use qualified gas appliances and cylinders, and strictly prohibit private connection to gas pipelines.
10. When carrying out hot operations such as electric welding, relevant personnel must obtain corresponding qualifications, be equipped with personal safety protection equipment, fire extinguishing equipment, and standardize the management of gas cylinders.