#精品长文创作季#
In today's society, with the popularization of informatization and intelligent systems, ID cards have integrated a large number of functions.
In turn, ID cards have become a necessity for us to handle many affairs, and it is difficult to move an inch without ID cards.
No way, whoever makes us all people with status.
The identity of the person the blogger talked about today can be said to be very special, that is, he has been a professional emperor for three years, and the only monarch in Chinese history who has an ID card - Pu Yi.
1. The household registration book of the "Last Emperor".
In the summer of 1945, the mainland won a complete victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and accepted Japan's surrender.
At that time, Pu Yi was serving as his puppet emperor in Shenyang, and with the complete rout of the Japanese army, he was arrested by the Soviet army as a war criminal.
After that, he was sent to Boli in the Soviet Union, where he was imprisoned for several years.
In 1950, he was sent back to China, first in Harbin and then in Fushun's prison for war criminals.
There, after ten years of reform and study, Pu Yi was finally pardoned at the end of 1959.
After returning to Beijing, Pu Yi first moved to No. 6 Qianjing Hutong in Xicheng District and lived in the house of his fifth sister and fifth brother-in-law.
At this time, his identity has changed from a war criminal to an ordinary citizen, and of course he also needs an ID card.
At that time, it was still called "population card", which was a population registration system that was fully implemented in mainland China since 1956, referred to as "mouth card".
After all, at that time, it was the people who were the masters of the country, and even the previous emperor couldn't even receive rice, flour, grain and oil without a hukou.
On the second day after he moved to his fifth sister's house, Pu Yi and his brother Pu Jian went to the local police station to register their household registration, that is, to register their household registration.
According to the recollection of the police who handled it at the time, Pu Yi was asked a lot of questions at that time, and Pu Yi answered them one by one honestly.
When it was his turn to be professional, Pu Yi said: "I have just been pardoned, and the government has not yet found me a job. ”
So the police wrote a "no leaf" in the occupation column (not a clerical error, which will be broken down below).
Next, the police asked Pu Yi about his marital status, and he felt that something was wrong, Pu Yi was also stunned for a while, and then said, "I...... Now single. ”
"Is it divorced, or?" Wu Jingshen asked.
"Gone. Pu Yi replied in a low voice.
So the word "divorce" appeared in the household register.
This household registration is not ordinary, when the police at that time filled in the household registration book, although there were not many words, but still wrote two wrong places.
One is the education level column, and the word "shu" for private school is written as "book", and the other is "unemployed" in the occupation column is written as "no leaves".
During that time, Pu Yi and his family mainly visited, studied, and visited relatives and friends.
By February 1960, Pu Yi and the other 10 others who had been granted amnesty had spent two months at the Chongnei Hotel and the Hufangqiao Hotel, after which they were about to go their separate ways.
2. Moved into the Botanical Garden
On February 16, 1960, Pu Yi took a letter of introduction from the Municipal Bureau and went to report to the small village south of the Beijing Botanical Garden.
It can be seen from his hukou card that his hukou has moved from Qianjing Hutong in Xicheng District to No. 20 in Nanfu Village, Botanical Garden.
In the household register, the residence is written as "Botanical Garden", the name is "Aixin Jueluo Puyi", and the birthday is January 14, 1906.
However, because he was born on the 14th day of the first month of the lunar calendar, it should be February 7 according to the solar calendar, so the household registration card was later changed to February 7.
The age is written as 54 years old, the education level is junior high school, and the place of origin and birth are filled in Beijing.
In the occupation column, it is written that he works in the Beijing Botanical Garden, but it is not educational labor, that is, he goes to work there, not to be re-educated through labor.
As for marital status, it is divorced. Because when he was still in prison, probably at the end of 1956, he divorced his fourth wife, Li Yuqin.
Therefore, the marriage column in his household registration book reads "divorce".
The leaders of the botanical garden arranged a place for Pu Yi to live, as well as a dining hall and a bathroom to use. Pu Yi is quite satisfied with this job.
He said that this was the first time he had lived like an ordinary person, and he found it particularly meaningful.
But he was also a little conflicted in his heart, thinking that if the staff of the botanical garden knew who he was, would they look down on him because of the historical problems in the past?
Later, at a cadre meeting, the leader introduced Pu Yi to everyone, and especially mentioned his transformation and study.
Pu Yi looked at everyone's reaction, no one hated him or discriminated against him, everyone welcomed him to work, and the attitude of the comrades made Pu Yi excited.
Pu Yi himself wrote that now he is working like an ordinary laborer, and he feels that he is also a member of the motherland.
Whether it is moving bricks and tiles, or planting grass and trees, he feels that he is contributing to the construction of the country, and he is very happy, and this excitement cannot be expressed in words.
Pu Yi stayed in the botanical garden for a whole year, and after continuous labor and study, his ideological consciousness continued to improve.
Once, on the afternoon of August 25, 1960, the botanical garden held a staff meeting, and the leaders conveyed the spirit of the state calling on everyone to increase production and save.
After the meeting, Pu Yi went directly to the leader's office and handed over a small paper bag with a fifteen-foot cloth ticket inside.
He said: "I have a lot of clothes, so I will give these cloth stamps to the state! There are also food stamps, which I set every month are actually enough for me to eat."
After I came to work in the botanical garden, the unit gave me another ten pounds, and I can't eat this part of the increase, you can help me deduct it every month!"
The director began to disagree, saying that he should use what he took according to the regulations.
But Pu Yi insisted, saying that the country is not easy now, and things should be left for what is more needed.
In the end, the director agreed.
That year, Pu Yi would work for half a day every day, and he became more and more affectionate about the botanical garden.
He wrote in his autobiography that looking back at his days in the botanical garden, whether it was studying or working, he felt that he had grown and gained.
Of course, there are some areas where it is not done well enough. Now he wants to sum it up, and thinks it will be of great benefit to him in the future to continue to reform his own thinking.
The autobiography also wrote, "Before coming to the Botanical Garden, Premier Zhou personally met with our first batch of people to be amnestied.
He was very kind and encouraged us to stand firm on four important points.
That is the national position, that is, patriotism, but also the class point of view, the mass point of view and the point of view of labor.
Looking back now, I'm really happy because I've started to put those ideas into practice.
I feel that the Botanical Garden has provided me with the best environment to establish and establish these important perspectives......"
3. Changes in the account
On the fourth day of the first lunar month in 1961, the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a banquet to entertain two groups of amnesty personnel who remained in Beijing.
Minister Li Weihan, Vice Ministers Xu Bing and Xue Zizheng, as well as Secretary General Tong Xiaopeng of the State Council, all attended.
At the banquet, the leaders of the United Front Work Department announced the new work arrangements for Pu Yi and Du Yuming.
They were all transferred to the Committee for the Study of Cultural and Historical Materials of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) as commissioners, and their salaries were raised from 60 yuan a month to 200 yuan.
It was early March 1961, and Pu Yi and six other amnesty personnel joined the CPPCC Cultural and Historical Materials Research Committee.
By 1964, Pu Yi's household registration card showed that his household had become an "organ" and his profession was "Commissioner of Culture and History of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference".
His hukou was moved from the Beijing Botanical Garden, and his current address is No. 32 Zhao Dengyu Road, Xicheng District.
The household registration card was registered on 7 March 1964 and bears the seal "National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference".
The Cultural and Historical Materials Committee is located in the compound at No. 32 Zhao Dengyu Road, and the famous historian Fan Wenlan serves as the chairman.
At first, there was only one Northwest Army Historical Materials Group, but with the addition of the first batch of amnesty war criminals, they added the Kuomintang Military Historical Materials Group and the Beiyang Warlord Historical Materials Group.
It was here that Pu Yi participated in the work of the Beiyang Group.
The information on Puyi's household registration card shows that the householder's name is Li Shuxian, a woman, who is the head of the household, Han nationality, and was born on September 4, 1924 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
Her original education was equivalent to that of primary school, and now she has a junior high school education, and in terms of occupation, she is a nurse at Guanxiao Hospital in Chaoyang District.
On June 9, 1963, he moved from No. 32, Zhao Dengyu Road, Xicheng District, to his current address, No. 22, Dongguanyin Temple, Xicheng District.
Speaking of which, Pu Yi's love life is quite complicated. He was married four times and had five wives.
In 1922, when he got married, he married Empress Wanrong and Concubine Wenxiu at the same time.
Later, Wen Xiu divorced him, and Wanrong was also thrown into the cold palace. In 1937, Pu Yi married the auspicious nobleman Tan Yuling.
After Tan Yuling's death in 1944, the blessed nobleman Li Yuqin became his wife, and the marriage lasted until the end of 1956.
Pu Yi is not very good at living, and he doesn't know how to take care of himself.
Under the concern of the leaders, in January 1962, Zhou Zhenqiang of the Cultural and Historical Materials Committee and Sha Zengxu, editor of the People's Publishing House, introduced him to a lady named Li Shuxian.
They soon fell in love and got married on April 30 of the same year, which was Pu Yi's fourth marriage, so there was also the content registered on the household registration card.
On October 17, 1967, Pu Yi died in Beijing due to illness and long-term treatment was ineffective.
The last emperor of China completed his tortuous and bizarre life at the age of 60.
Soon after Pu Yi's death, Li Shuxian moved out of No. 22 A of Dongguanyin Temple.
Today, the household registration book of the "last emperor" Pu Yi has become the "treasure of the town hall" in the Beijing Police Museum.
Sealed with this special "identity card" is a record of China's transformation from a feudal society to a socialist country.
This thin household registration card carries too much historical heaviness, and at the same time, it also records the journey of this ancient civilization with a long history to rejuvenate and move towards a new era.