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Text: There is material in the big core
Edit|Big core has material
The human body is valuable: internal organs are valuable, corneas are valuable, and even hair and nails can be sold for a few bucks.
But did you know that human bones can also sell for a high price?
Where there is a high price, there is a risky deal. The trade in human bones is very rare on the surface, but in fact, the activities related to the black market are very rampant behind the scenes.
Among them, the Indian black market is a major market for human bone trading. Buyers have always had great demand, while sellers only make money, which is really a place where "eating people without spitting out bones".
Where do they need to buy human bones? What do they do with human bones? And where do the human bones come from?
Human bone needs
The use of human bones is actually quite serious: for medical research. Most of the buyers are medical schools, including prestigious graduate schools.
In such a glamorous place, do you still need to buy human bones from the black market?
Not only do they need, but they are in very large demand. Because most of the human bones obtained through formal means have gone through the normal burial procedure, not only are they incomplete, but most of them are fragmented and very difficult to use.
The people in the Indian black market have shown their talent in this regard: they handle bones very well.
Not only is it cleanly processed, the bones are complete, but even the luster is also excellent, and there is a special joining process, so they don't need to buy it for a second time.
However, this kind of transaction is not glamorous after all. The Indian government banned the trade in the eighties of the last century. This practice has made medical schools all over the world cry bitterly, where do they go to buy good bones?
Selling human bones is not just about having bones. The black market usually obtains corpses and strips human bones from them. On the one hand, it is necessary to separate the flesh and bones of the corpse, and on the other hand, it is necessary to classify and even splice the scattered bones.
They have also turned their attention to human bones sold in other countries and regions, but either they have not handled them properly, or the quantity is simply not enough. Thinking about it, it is still the best human bone in India.
Although this transaction is already illegal in India, it is too lucrative. As a result, the trade in human bones flourished on the black market.
How profitable is it?
Black marketeers will naturally not go through any formal procedures when they obtain human bones. A lot of them are stolen corpses and then disposed of on their own. So there's no cost.
And the profits are huge profits. In 2007, a spine could be sold for $400, and a hand could sell for $200. Not to mention, what kind of high price can a whole person's bones buy.
If someone in the black market gets a corpse, they can make money that many people can't make in a year. Of course, the price of these bones also depends on the quality: whether they are worn out, whether they are complete, etc.
This kind of trade actually arose in the 15th century. That's when doctors started to study human bones, and the market opened up. Because the supply is too small, many people go directly to rob tombs, and there have even been cases of medical students robbing tombs fighting with the families of the deceased.
And when colonialism arose, they began to hoke the people of the colony, asking the colony to supply them with bones.
It was at this time that the foundation stone of the human bone trade in India was laid. Many civilians were pressured to start working on bones.
However, after independence, the Indians found that the deal was too sweet, so not only did they not stop the human bone trade, but they became more and more prosperous, and no one put pressure on them, and they rushed to do it.
In 1984, as many as 60,000 pairs of human bones were exported from India.
In the last century, a single bone factory could earn a million dollars a year. What kind of purchasing power a million dollars was in India in the last century, you can imagine.
When everyone comes to share the pie, the cake will not be enough. The corpses in the cemetery were dug up, and they set their sights on the living.
As a result, a lot of dirtier things have happened: people kidnap and kill vulnerable people in order to get more human bones, just to sell their bones for money.
All kinds of chaos eventually led to the legal ban on the trade in Indian bones. Although medical schools in some developed countries whispered that India would lift the ban, the Indian government was unmoved.
As a result, some medical schools began to look for alternatives, some went to buy human bones from other countries, and some chose to use plastic bones instead of real bones. But in any case, it is not as good as in India.
Therefore, although the overt trade is banned, the black market trade in human bones continues to flourish.
Buying and selling on the black market in India
Although the trade has been banned for decades, the underground trade is still thriving. In 2007, the Indian police investigated a bone factory.
A kilometer of land near the factory could smell the stench of corpses. Piles of bones, as well as chemicals such as hydrochloric acid used to process the bones, were placed on the ground.
As a systematic bone processing plant, there is a clear division of labor in the processing of human bones, some people separate the flesh and bones, some people stitch the bones, and some people arrange the bones in order of order.
The step of separating the bones is complicated enough. They first put the corpse in the river and let the microorganisms of nature help dissolve the corpse. After waiting for a week, the corpse became much easier to handle, the flesh was loose and loose, and the skeleton was faintly visible.
The corpse is then simply cleaned and then placed in a vat full of chemicals and cooked at high temperatures so that the meat is more thoroughly separated.
After cooking, the bones come out, but that's not enough. The freshly cooked bones were burnt yellow, and they had to treat the bones to a medical white.
This requires the removal of calcium from the surface of the bones: exposure to the sun and then soaking in chemicals to achieve a perfect shine.
And the source of the corpses in this factory, in addition to tomb robbing, there are also morgues and crematoriums. They have a behind-the-scenes relationship with some crematoriums, and when the family is not looking, they will drag away the corpses that should have been sparked and sell them for money.
The plant also has a long history, having been in operation for more than 100 years. This is enough to see the prosperity of the human bone trade.
If it weren't for the fact that the factory workers were out drinking, they made drunken gaffes and told the story of their tomb robbery in public, the factory trade would have continued.
epilogue
The human bone trade, although the money comes quickly, is against morality. The corpses they used were all "stolen", and they were not informed to their families, let alone with their consent.
How to solve the needs of medical schools in a legal and reasonable way is a problem that must be considered to solve the black market human bone trade. There is still a long way to go.
Reference:
Global Times: Exploring the black market of India's bone factory, smelling carrion one kilometer away (photo)-Sohu News
Beijing Science and Technology News: Indian human bone trading black market exposed_Science Exploration_Science and Technology Times_Sina.com
Southern Metropolis Daily: Indian Bone Black Market_News Center_Sina.com