Recently, the circle of friends of many citizens in Meishan, Sichuan Province was swiped by a "magical rescue": an old lady in her 70s fell into the water with dandelions by the Liquan River, and was rescued by the people's auxiliary police who came after floating on her back for nearly half an hour. "How did she float?" "The old man is really blessed and rescued, after drifting for so long. "I heard that women are mostly on their backs after drowning, and men are mostly on ......their backs after drowning" After the incident, netizens praised the people's auxiliary police who saved people, and also launched a heated discussion about the old lady's "miracle survival". On April 19, Cui Xin, the leader of the community squadron of the Shangyi Police Station of the Dongpo District Public Security Branch of Meishan City, who participated in the rescue, restored the rescue process of the day to the Red Star News reporter, and told and analyzed the "lucky details" behind the successful rescue of the old lady.
▲ The scene of the rescue
Cui Xin and He Jianxing, vice president of the Meishan Swimming Association, have participated in many water salvages and rescues. The two said that according to their experience in the rescue, after falling into the water, women are more likely to be on their backs and men are more likely to be on their backs, which may be due to the different body structures of men and women.
Why does the phenomenon of "men fall on their backs" after falling into the water, Xiao Shuhao, a teacher at the School of Physical Education of Jinjiang College of Sichuan University, also made an in-depth analysis to Red Star News......
Marvel:
The septuagenarian lady fell into the water and drifted for nearly half an hour
The people's auxiliary police went down to the river to rescue and send them to the hospital, and there was no major problem
"Officer, I saw a person floating on the water here, come and take a look!" At about 4 o'clock in the afternoon of April 15, Uncle Liu, who was playing on the bank of the Liquan River, saw a person lying on his back in the river, and was startled, and quickly called the police.
A few minutes later, Cui Xin, the leader of the community squadron of the Shangyi Police Station, led auxiliary police officers Liu Yong and Ren Hai to the river, and found that there was indeed a person floating on his back, aged about 70 to 80 years old.
Due to the distance and the difficulty of seeing, the people's auxiliary police immediately made a detour to the other side of the river to ensure closer observation. "She's still alive, her fingers are moving!" Suddenly, Ren Hai, an auxiliary police officer, shouted.
When people's lives were at stake, Cui Xin and Liu Yong immediately jumped into the Liquan River desperately. "Because I can swim, I jumped without thinking about anything. The deepest part of the water is about 2 meters, and I try to step on the bottom of the river as much as possible, so that there will be support points and it will be easier to save people. Liu Yong recalled.
"When I got to the old man, I felt that she was still breathing weakly, her eyes were moving slightly, and her mouth was still shaking. Liu Yong said that after he and Cui Xin came into contact with the old man, gently lifted her up so that she could breathe smoothly, and then slowly pushed her to the shore.
▲ The scene of the rescue
At the same time, Ren Hai, who answered on the shore, had dialed 120, and the three of them worked together to move the old man to the shore, and the whole rescue took less than 1 minute. Based on the first aid knowledge they had learned before, the three of them turned the old man sideways and patted her on the back, telling her to spit out as much water as possible.
"Because the old man was older, we didn't dare to act rashly, so we took her to the doctor when the ambulance came. Cui Xin said.
Subsequently, several people returned to the police station, and through comparison and verification of relevant data and information, they quickly contacted the family of the old man.
On the morning of April 18, the old lady's family came to the police station to express their gratitude to the police, saying that the old man was in good health.
Behind:
Why did the old man drift on his back for nearly half an hour without sinking?
"Lying flat" is very important, and it is also related to body shape, etc
The old man was miraculously rescued by floating on his back for nearly half an hour, which also sparked heated discussions. So, what really happened at that time?
She told us that it was about 3:20 p.m., and she saw a dandelion by the river and wanted to pick it, but her foot slipped and fell into the water. Mr. Li, a family member of the old man, said that after falling into the water, the old man choked on the water, flipped and turned his body over, and leaned on the surface of the water so that his nose and mouth could breathe. Then she wanted to struggle, but she had no strength at all, and then gradually lost consciousness, and after drifting for nearly half an hour, she was found by the crowd.
After 14 years in the police, Cui Xin has participated in many water salvage and water rescue, and he told the Red Star News reporter that the old man was finally successfully rescued due to the following factors:
First of all, the most important thing is the old man's posture "lying flat". After the old lady fell into the water, she fluttered a few times and floated on her back in the river, without moving, her mouth and nose were outside the water, her center of gravity was very stable, and she did not roll over.
Secondly, it is related to the size of the elderly. "When I rescued the old man ashore, I obviously felt that the old man was on the fat side, with more fat on his belly, but he was relatively light, which may be one of the reasons why he has more buoyancy and can drift for so long. ”
In addition to the timely rescue, Cui Xin believes that the body structure of men and women may also be the reason why the old lady was able to escape. He said that from the salvage and rescue cases he came into contact with, after entering the water, women are mostly on their backs, and men are mostly on their backs.
"Personally, I think it's because women have more fat in the chest and abdomen than men, and the hip muscles and pelvis are larger than men, resulting in different centers of gravity for men and women, and women are more likely to float on their backs after entering the water. Cui Xin said, of course, this is just a case he has been exposed to in his work, and there is no absolute one.
Women have a heavy back and a buoyant front, so it's easier to lean back after entering the water. He Jianxing, vice president of the Meishan Swimming Association, also believes that in the water rescue he participated, women were mostly on their backs, and men were mostly on their backs, which may also be the reason for the body structure of men and women.
Why is it that women are more likely to have their backs and men are more likely to have their backs after falling into the water? Xiao Shuhao, a teacher at the School of Physical Education of Jinjiang College of Sichuan University, analyzed the relationship between human bone density and muscle mass, body fat percentage, center of gravity and buoyancy.
The first is human bone density and muscle mass. He believes that men generally have higher bone density and muscle mass than women, which makes men relatively heavier in water and more prone to sinking.
The second is body fat percentage. Xiao Shuhao said that women have a higher body fat content than men, and in addition, the increase in estrogen levels promotes the accumulation of fat in areas such as the buttocks and thighs. As a result, women have a comparatively higher fat content and are more likely to float underwater.
Of course, there is also the role of buoyancy and gravity. Xiao Shuhao believes that, generally speaking, the largest volume in the whole body of men is the chest, therefore, the buoyancy of water on men is mainly close to the lungs, and due to the gravity of the feet, the center of gravity of men is near the buttocks that deviate from the lungs, and there is a distance between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy, which produces a torque, which leads to the effect of rotation; 。
"In addition, women's body shape is usually more curvivitable, especially in the pelvic area, which makes it easier for them to maintain balance and achieve upward floating. Xiao Shuhao said.
Extend:
It is said that the drowning person "looks down on the woman and the man bows down".
Some papers said that pitching and gender were not statistically significant
In addition to those who fell into the water, there is also a saying among mainland folks that "men and women look up" for drowning victims. So, is this claim true?
In a number of forensic pathology books, it has been said that this is related to the difference in the shape, structure and distribution of adipose tissue in the body of men and women. The center of gravity of men is biased to the front, and the floating corpses are mostly in a prone state, while the center of gravity of the women's whole body is biased to the rear, so the floating corpses are mostly in a supine state.
Hu Shengming, Xia Yuanfei and Han Zhijie from the Criminal Department of the Public Security Bureau of Hefei City, Anhui Province once published an article "Discussion on the Floating Mechanism of Bodies in Water" in Forensic Science and Technology. According to the article, in the current mainland forensic science works, the description of the floating characteristics of corpses in water is: the specific gravity of the human body is 0.967 after inhalation and about 1.057 after exhalation, so the corpses generally sink after drowning. When the corpse decomposes, a large amount of putrefaction gas is generated, and the specific gravity decreases, and the corpse surfaces. The time it takes for a corpse to decompose and float can vary greatly depending on the temperature. Generally, it begins to float in about 12 hours in summer and a week or more in winter, and it is believed that male corpses are mostly in the prone position after floating, and female corpses are mostly in the supine position, which is related to the different pelvic structures and the distribution of adipose tissue in the body of men and women.
▲The floating corpses that the Hefei Municipal Public Security Bureau has counted
In the actual prosecution process, Hu Shengming and the three found that the floating time of the corpse was very different from the above - among the 15 bodies in the water, there were 6 men and 9 women, and 11 were prone down. Of the nine women, seven were prone and two were upright. According to the article, whether the corpse floats in the water in a supine or prone position is the result of the balance between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the human body.
In this regard, the three authors believe that the trunk contains more fat, and because the lungs and gastrointestinal tract contain a certain amount of gas, the specific gravity is lighter than that of the limbs, and the buoyancy is larger, while the musculoskeletal of the lower limbs is more developed than the upper limbs, and the specific gravity is relatively larger, so the buoyancy of the fresh corpse should be in the chest, and the center of gravity is in the lower abdomen, after the corpse floats, the limbs should be lower, and the trunk is on the top. The decay of the corpse also starts from the stomach and intestines and is more significant, while the limbs are slower and lighter, so the male corpse also floats up in a prone position after decomposition, and as the decay intensifies, the buoyancy moves downward, and the buttocks will gradually elevate. Extremely decomposed corpses, due to the high distension of the abdomen and the high decay of the limbs, floating, the center of buoyancy will move to the front of the abdomen, and the corpse may be turned over.
In February 2017, Li Xu and Lin Bin of the Guangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau and Gong Maohua of the Shantou Municipal Public Security Bureau published a paper in the Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine, "Observation and Analysis of 751 Floating Corpses in Supine Posture", which collected a total of 751 floating corpses in the Pearl River Basin under their jurisdiction from 2003 to 2013.
According to a statistical table in the article, 6 of the 751 floating corpses are of unknown age, and of the remaining 745 people, 515 are men, 411 are prone men, and 104 are supine. There were 230 women, 182 prone and only 48 supine. Statistics showed that the number of male drowning was higher than that of females, but when found in the water, the number of pronees of males and females was higher than that of supine patients, and the number of pronees of floating corpses was greater than the number of supine patients.
▲Screenshot of related papers
So, why is there a saying that "men are prostrating on women" who have drowned? Many interviewees told reporters that it may be because the number of men drowning is much greater than that of women. When most drowning men are prone to sleep, the occasional drowning woman lying on her back is easy to remember.
"Summer is coming, I hope that the masses of people will be careful to avoid falling into the water when playing by the river, and they must remain calm after falling into the water, use the back-drifting self-rescue method to save themselves, let the head lean back, make the nose out of the water to breathe, and obey the command of the rescuer. The police reminded that after falling into the water, try to stay calm and don't struggle desperately to move your limbs, which will not only waste physical strength, but also sink faster.
Source: Red Star News