Today, I would like to introduce it to you
Heimlich maneuver
It is a simple and highly effective first aid skill
Known as the "embrace of life"
Let's find out!
1. The principle of the "Heimlich" first aid method
It is to use the pressure of the sudden impact on the abdomen to raise the diaphragm, so that the residual gas in the lungs forms an upward airflow, which has impact and directionality, and quickly rushes into the trachea, so as to expel the foreign body.
2. Judgment of airway foreign bodies
Typical performance: three can not + V-shaped hand
Three cannots: After the trachea is blocked by a foreign body, the patient cannot speak, breathe, or cough.
V-shaped hand: that is, when the patient has the "three can'ts". The hands involuntarily appear in a V-shape, and they grasp their throats tightly. If you recognize Heimlich's signs, use the "Heimlich" maneuver for first aid immediately.
3. First aid treatment of airway foreign bodies in adults or children
腹部冲击法:亦称Heimlich手法(生命的拥抱)
Used for: Conscious patients over 1 year of age
Technique: The rescuer stands behind the patient, wraps his arms around the patient's waist, leans forward slightly and holds a hollow fist with one hand, puts the thumb side against the patient's abdomen midline above the navel and below the xiphoid process, grabs the fist with the other hand, and quickly impacts the patient's abdomen inward and upward, about once per second, until the foreign body is discharged or the patient loses response.
First aid mantra "scissors, rock-paper": when rescuing, lunge to stand behind the patient, the patient's upper body leans forward slightly, scissors positioning: placed on the navel at two horizontal fingers, stone: hollow fist placed on top of the scissors, cloth: wrap the fist, and then forcefully inward, upward impact on the abdomen, until the foreign body is discharged.
Pediatric first aid
4. Infants and young children under 1 year old: back slapping and chest compression
First aid mantra – "1 support, 2 beats, 3 presses"
Hold your baby's cheekbones with one hand and head down with your face down, find the midpoint of the line connecting the lower edges of your two shoulder blades, and use the base of the other palm to make 5 quick strokes. If the foreign body is still not discharged, flip it so that the baby's face is up, and use the index and middle fingers to align the midpoint of the two nipples and press quickly 5 times, repeating the above actions until the foreign body is discharged.
"1 Torr"
With one hand holding the cheekbones face down, head down and feet high, the baby is on the rescuer's forearm, and the rescuer's lower limbs are stretched forward, with the forearm on the thigh. The baby's lower limbs are separated for easy immobilization;
"2 beats"
Find the midpoint of the edge of the line connecting the two shoulder blades, and quickly pat the base of the palm of the other hand 5 times;
"3 Presses"
Reverse the face facing upwards with the index finger and middle finger at the midpoint of the line between the two nipples, and press 5 times in a rapid rhythmic manner;
If no foreign body is discharged, repeat the same action and if the heartbeat and breathing stop, perform CPR immediately.
5. First aid in other cases
1. Upright chest impact method
Application: Pregnant women or obese patients
Technique: The rescuer stands behind the patient, passes his arm through the patient's armpit and encircles the patient's chest, makes a fist with one hand, reaches the middle of the patient's sternum, and grabs the fist with the other hand and hits the chest inward and upward until the foreign body is discharged.
2. Supine abdominal impact method
Application: Comatose adult or pediatric patients.
Technique: Lay the patient on his back, the rescuer faces the patient, then ride on the patient's hip, place one hand on the other hand, place the lower palm on the abdomen under the xiphoid process and on the navel, and use the weight of the body to quickly impact the patient's abdomen until the foreign body is discharged.
3. Self-rescue abdominal impact method
Application: Sober adults.
Technique: Make a fist with one hand, grab the hand with the other hand, and quickly hit the abdomen; If this fails, replace the "stone" and "cloth" with the back of the chair, the edge of the table, the guardrail or other hard objects, and then hit the abdomen firmly and repeat the action until the foreign body is expelled.
6. How to prevent foreign body from getting stuck in the throat
Cut food into thin pieces and chew thoroughly;
Avoid laughing, talking, walking, and running when you have food in your mouth, or when you eat too quickly or swallow too much;
It is not allowed to throw high and eat peanuts and other foods, children should not put small toys in their mouths, and too small parts are not allowed for children to play.
Source: Health Anhui