In primary school, there is indeed a phenomenon that some children never read extracurricular books and often have high test scores, while some students who often read extracurricular books do not show an advantage in the exams. This is because the primary school Chinese test papers are generally based on the textbooks, and the repeated training closely related to the textbooks before the exam will indeed make the children show good results on the papers.
However, the more this is the case, the more parents should be vigilant! At the elementary school stage, many children's good grades are just an illusion. Such an exam does not test the real "language level" of students, it only tests the "level of learning textbooks".
However, the illusion of language achievement can only be maintained at the primary level, and once you enter secondary school, especially high school, the link between language examination papers and textbooks becomes weaker and weaker, and the correlation between grades and reading volume becomes apparent.
If you don't pay attention to reading and stick to the textbooks to learn Chinese, then students will become more and more unable to do so after entering middle school, and in the end, it will be difficult to get good results in the most critical college entrance examination room. And a student with a really good level of Chinese can calmly cope with any form of examination papers, and he will not perform mediocre in the college entrance examination.
How should I learn a language well? This article will share some ideas with you.
01
It is necessary to establish the concept of "big language education".
For many years, the most confusing understanding of language learning is that "learning a language" is equivalent to "learning a language textbook", and the consequence of this realization is that teachers and students spend a lot of time learning Chinese textbooks and do not pay attention to extracurricular reading. Students put in a lot of effort, but in the end, their language skills are not high.
Low language proficiency not only affects the learning of other subjects, but also does not learn well in the language class itself. Many students who don't read do well in the lower grades through hard work, but the good grades under rote memorization are just "fat", and as the grade grows, the more they become more and more inadequate.
In order to make this matter clearer, I think it is necessary to distinguish between two concepts related to language learning, and I call the education that cultivates students' good language comprehension and expression skills "big language education", and the language education that only revolves around textbooks and exams is called "small language education". The focus of major language education is on ability and quality, while the focus of small language education is on test scores.
Large-scale language education is much higher than and greater than small-language education, and small-language education is only a part of large-scale language education. If you learn a big language well, you will naturally be no worse at a small language, and if you don't learn a big language well, you will not be able to learn a small language well in the end.
Over the years, the reason why many people have misguided children in language learning is that they have not been clear about the concept, have understood the study of "language" as learning "language textbooks", replaced major language education with small language education, and even put big language education and small language education in opposition. The specific manifestation is that they ignore reading and just pick out Chinese textbooks - many teachers and parents do not even allow their children to read extracurricular books in order for their children to learn Chinese textbooks well. This concept has led Chinese education to a dead end.
02
Must have abundant extracurricular reading
The reason why Chinese education in primary schools cannot fulfill the important task of language education is that the text volume of Chinese textbooks is too small, and most of them are short vernacular texts. It is impossible to acquire good language control with such a small number of words, even if you break up and crumple every text. Ye Shengtao once said that "Chinese textbooks are nothing more than examples", which is a more pertinent evaluation of Chinese textbooks.
Qian Liqun, a well-known scholar, said: "There are many elements to learning Chinese well, but the core and fundamental way is to read. "What Mr. Qian is talking about here is learning Chinese well, which is great language education. There is a fact that can prove Mr. Qian's assertion: all outstanding writers and outstanding people from all walks of life, when they talk about their own growth, they will most likely mention the benefits of reading a lot, that is, they are all beneficiaries of the great language education. To date, we have hardly seen a single person who said that his growth was due to the learning of small languages.
Therefore, to learn "Chinese" instead of "Chinese textbooks", we must have rich extracurricular reading. Of course, reading alone does not necessarily lead to a good test score, because exams are also complex and many factors can affect the results. But if you don't read, you can say with certainty that you can't learn the language well.
03
The easiest and most effective way to learn a language: read aloud
Here, I would like to share with you a very simple and effective way to learn a language: reading aloud.
Asking your child to read aloud is the most effective way to learn a language.
Reading aloud is a creative activity that transforms words into spoken language. It is an important basic skill for students to complete reading, and as far as language learning is concerned, reading aloud is the starting point of reading and an important means of understanding texts. It is conducive to the development of intelligence and the acquisition of ideological edification. Reading aloud helps to convey emotions.
The German who excavated the ruins of the city of Troy, Hipper, was an outstanding linguistic genius. In a short period of time, he learned the languages of many countries, using the method of reading aloud. Even if he read the same text, he read it aloud over and over again until late at night. I heard that Xipolai was kicked out by the landlord several times because of this. As a result, it took him only three to six months to learn every foreign language.
Zhu Xi of the mainland is also very much in favor of reading aloud. He said: Whoever reads a book needs to read every word loudly, not a single word, and not far-fetched and secretly memorized. Moreover, it should be "playful sentence by sentence", "repeated and detailed", "recitation should be soothing and unhurried, and the words should be clear." In this way, we can deeply understand the meaning, charm and rhythm of the materials, and produce a sense of "three-dimensional learning".
Reading aloud is an important part of students' overall language quality and is an effective way to learn Chinese. The ancients said: "There are three ways to read: the heart, the eyes, and the mouth." It can be seen that only the combination of the three can achieve a good reading effect. Reading aloud can meet this requirement.
Reading aloud is the process of converting silent written language into spoken language, and it is a creative reading activity in which the eyes, mouth, ears, and brain work together.
Having your child's reading sound in your home every day will have the following wonders:
Vocabulary accumulation,
Expand your knowledge,
Enhance the sense of language,
Improve oral communication skills,
Improve your writing skills
Asking parents to read aloud to their children is the most effective way to educate them.
The sooner you start reading to your children, the better! This is what Jim Trelease, an American education expert, has been trying to promote, and he believes that this is the most effective educational secret today. If you want your child to be smarter, read it aloud to your child!
However, most parents are skeptical about this secret. The reason is that it is too simple and requires little effort. In that case, how much better can this approach be?
Jim Trelease advises parents to take the time to read to their children, no matter how busy they are, because that's the best thing a parent can give their children besides cuddles. He even made a bold argument: reading has become the most important social element of life today. The more time you spend reading, the smarter you get, the smarter you are, the more money you'll make in the future, and the more money you make, the better your child will do in school.
So, if you can help your child develop the habit of reading, you will not only benefit him, but also the next generation.
Jim Trelease strives to promote reading aloud, not because he loves reading aloud, but because he has benefited greatly from reading aloud.
He reads to his two children almost as many times as the children eat. "When I was a kid, my dad used to read to me," he says. So, I want my children to experience the good feelings I had in my childhood. ”
Jim Trelease grew up in the '40s during the Great Depression, when his family was struggling, but his dad had been subscribing to several magazines and two daily newspapers, and reading articles to him almost every day, which laid a good foundation for Jim Trelease's future success.
Tips for reading aloud to your child
▲Read aloud to your child as early as possible. The sooner you start, the easier it will be and the better it will work.
▲Arrange at least a fixed period of time to read the story every day and try to make it a habit.
▲ Remember: the habit of listening is acquired, and we must gradually teach and nurture children - listening will not be learned overnight.
▲ You may want to start with a picture book with only a few lines on a page, and then gradually use children's books with more words and fewer pictures, and gradually progress to storybooks and novels with chapters.
▲ In order to encourage a sense of participation, ask your child to help turn the page when the time is right.
▲Before you start reading aloud, be sure to mention the title, author, and illustrator – no matter how many times you've read the book.
▲ When reading a book for the first time, discuss the picture on the cover with your child. "What do you think this picture is talking about?"
▲ When reading aloud, often ask the child, "What do you think will happen next?" to enhance the child's sense of participation.
▲ Reading aloud should have a beginning and an end. Once you start reading a book, it's your responsibility to finish it – unless it's found to be a bad book. Don't let your child wait three or four days between chapters and expect them to stay interested.
▲ Occasionally read some difficult books to challenge children's minds.
▲Unless your child's imagination and attention are mature enough, avoid reading descriptive sentences and paragraphs that are too long.
▲ If the chapter is very long, or you don't have enough time to read the whole chapter every day, then please stop at the suspense, let the child still be unfinished, look forward to the next reading time, and listen to the next breakdown.
▲Give your child a few minutes to settle down, adjust their posture, and get ready to listen to the story. If you're reading a novel, start by asking where you were talking about yesterday. Emotions are an important factor in listening.
▲ If you are reading a picture book, make sure that the child can easily see the pictures. When reading aloud at school, have the children sit in a semicircle and sit slightly higher so that the children in the back row can see the pictures and not be obstructed by other people's heads.
▲When reading a novel, put yourself in a position where both you and your child feel comfortable. Do not read aloud or stand in front of an excessively bright window, as bright light can irritate your child's eyes.
▲ Remember: Even a sixth-grader will fall in love with a good picture book.
▲After reading a story, make time to discuss it with your child. Don't turn the discussion into an ad-it-it-a-class quiz and don't question your child's interpretation of the story.
▲ Remember that only a very small number of people are born to read aloud, and you must practice to read the story aloud with ease.
▲ When reading aloud, use a lot of facial expressions. If possible, change your voice to play the role of a conversational character.
▲ Adjust the speed of speech according to the storyline. In suspense, slow down and lower the sound. Lowering your voice at the right time allows your child to give them their full attention.
▲ The most common mistake made in reading aloud is: reading too fast - whether the reader is 7 or 40 years old, this mistake is often made. Reading slowly allows your child to draw an image of what he hears in his mind. Slowing down allows children to look closely at the pictures in the book, and rushing to read aloud can deprive the reader of time to use expressive techniques.
▲ Read it yourself beforehand, and write down what you want to reduce, delete, or enhance.
▲ Restoring the writer to a living person is like making his story come alive. Go to the library to look up the author's background and read the author's description in the book. Before or during the reading, introduce the author to your child. Let them know that books are written by people, not machines.
▲When your child asks a question about a text, take your child to look up reference books or reference books to find answers.
▲ On the wall of the class, or behind the bedroom door at home, hang a reading list so that the child knows how many books he has read. You can also hang a map of the world and put small icons on the locations of the stories in the book.
▲When your child can understand that the books in the library are different from their own books, they may wish to read with a pencil in their hands. One of the ways children should interact with the book is by leaving beautiful handwriting on the book's highlights.
▲ Provide many books for the elders or nannies who take care of the children, so that the elders or nannies can understand that "reading aloud" is part of education, which is much better than watching TV.
▲ Fathers should work harder to read aloud to their children. Because most of the teachers in primary school are women, young boys equate reading with women and homework. Unfortunately, there are many fathers who would rather take their sons to play baseball than take them to the library. Fathers reading together at a young age can make their sons think that books are just as important as sports.
▲Arrange a period of time every day for children to read by themselves (even if it's just flipping through books and looking at pictures). Without practice, all the hard work of reading aloud will go down the drain.
▲Lead by example. In addition to reading aloud time, let your child see you reading for leisure and share your passion for reading with your child.
▲When a child wants to read to you, it is better to pick a book that is too easy than too difficult. It's like when you first started learning to ride, you rode a small bike first, then a big bike.
▲Encourage older children to read to younger children, but only occasionally, and cannot completely replace you. Remember: Adults are the ultimate role models for children.
Li Xigui: Why is reading more useful than taking Chinese lessons?
I would like to give advice to the new nettellers
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Source: Tutor Wisdom, transferred from Guangming Society Educator
Editor: Tong Xiulan
Review: Huang Hongzhi Wang Na