The ancients were limited to their level of knowledge and means of observation, and based on their intuitive imagination, they created all kinds of myths and legends to express their speculation about the shape of the earth. At that time, the vast majority of people believed that the heavens were round and the earth square. It's basically the same phenomenon as people observe. But these understandings are unfounded conjectures and unscientific explanations. Today, the science club of Anlan Primary School in Huiji District led everyone to understand the shape of the earth.
Factual Evidence I
On the seashore, people use binoculars to observe the returning ships, always looking at the mast first and then the hull. Some speculate that the Earth may be a sphere.
Members of the scientific community made the following experimental observations: the movement of the model ship on the sphere and plane.
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By simulating the entry of the sailboat on a basketball, we can see that since the sailboat sails along the sphere, the sailboat always sees the "mast" first and then the hull when entering the port, and when the sailboat is placed on a horizontal table to simulate sailing, the "mast" and the hull can always be seen at the same time.
This simulation proved to some extent the hypothesis that the Earth is a sphere.
Factual Evidence II
In September 1519, the Portuguese navigator Magellan led a fleet from the Spanish port of San Roca to the coast of Brazil. They crossed the Atlantic to Brazil and then traveled south along the eastern coast of South America. and arrived in the port of San Julián in April 1520. In August 1520, one ship sank, the other escaped, and the remaining three ships went through a vast and calm sea after 38 days, which the sailors named the "Pacific Ocean". The voyage across the Pacific took more than three months, with no fresh food, no clean drinking water, and many crew members died of scurvy. Later, it finally arrived in the Philippines. Magellan landed with armed men and died in a second battle with the local population. The surviving crew continued to drift at sea, at which point another ship was damaged. In the end, only one ship "Victoria" and 18 men remained, and under the command of Dinano, it crossed the Indian Ocean, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and returned to the Spanish port of Santa Roca on September 8, 1522. This voyage was the first circumnavigation of the globe in human history, and it proved with facts that the Earth is a sphere.
Factual evidence three
According to the analysis of the scene of the lunar eclipse, the ancient Greek scholar Aristotle believed that the edge of the part of the moon obscured by the shadow of the earth was arc-shaped, giving the first scientific evidence that the earth is a sphere or an approximate sphere.
Members of the scientific community conducted experiments on the following subjects: observing the shadows of cubes and spheres
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The shadow of the cube on the ground has a straight edge, and the shadow of the sphere on the ground is arcing. A lunar eclipse is the scene of the Earth's shadow cast on the Moon, where the Earth is the occlusion, the Sun is the light source, and the Moon is the light screen. Shadows cast from different angles have arcs, and the only thing that can be done in a three-dimensional figure is a sphere. The projection of the Earth is radian, so the Earth is a sphere.
Factual Evidence IV
On April 12, 1961, the former Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin went into space aboard the Vostok 1 manned spacecraft, becoming the first person to witness the appearance of the Earth in the universe, and his observation became the most intuitive and powerful evidence that the Earth is a sphere.
Knowledge development
The Earth is a planet in the solar system, and it is constantly orbiting the sun. With the continuous development of science and technology, people have found that the earth is not a standard positive sphere, but an irregular elliptical sphere with slightly flattened poles and slightly bulging equator.
Ilyin, a popular science writer in the former Soviet Union, once said: The world opened up by science is getting wider and more fantastic. The science club of Anlan Primary School will learn about science and the world with all Anlan children.