Spring is coming, everything is recovering, a hundred flowers are blooming, the grass grows and the warbler flies, and everywhere is full of vitality. But for patients with allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and atopic dermatitis, spring may be more like a nightmare, with "a handful of snot and a handful of tears" every day, hoping that it will end soon. Patients with allergic diseases will have allergic symptoms such as red eyes, itchy eyes, sneezing, asthma, and itchy skin after being exposed to pollen and microorganisms due to the particularity of their physique.
What are allergies
Allergies are actually the body's overreaction to the outside world. In simple terms, allergies are when the body's immune system is too active in its daily defense work. In addition to normal invaders such as viruses and bacteria, some otherwise harmless foreign objects are also regarded by the body as enemies, sounding the alarm of the immune response.
5 allergenic factors
1. Pollen: In spring, all kinds of tree pollen are scattered in the air, which is easy to be inhaled by the human body and cause allergies.
2. Dust mites: After the weather warms up, dust mites breed quickly. As the saying goes, if you don't dry the quilt for three months, millions of dust mites will sleep with you.
3. Insects: Insects are ready to move, they will bite people's bodies and cause allergic reactions.
4. Dust : Dust can contain bacteria that, once in contact with the skin, can trigger allergies.
5. Temperature: Some people have sensitive skin. When the temperature changes, such as hot and cold, people with sensitive skin will have hot and red faces.
4 common diseases
1. Allergic rhinitis: The disease is characterized by paroxysmal sneezing, runny nose, nasal itching, nasal congestion, etc.
2. Allergic conjunctivitis: patients with allergic conjunctivitis will have itchy eyes in spring, accompanied by conjunctival hyperemia and mild foreign body sensation symptoms, children mostly rub their eyes, blink their eyes, followed by tears, eye redness, eye soreness, eyelid swelling, photophobia, etc.
3. Bronchial asthma : The cause of this disease is usually the inhalation of allergen pollen in the spring. Patients present with cough, wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness, and sputum production. Symptomatic patients typically have wheezing.
4. Allergic dermatitis: the enhancement of ultraviolet rays in spring, the increase of skin sensitivity to ultraviolet rays, coupled with the influence of allergens such as pollen and dust mites, human telangiectasia and congestion, skin inflammation, resulting in skin erythema, papules, itching and other symptoms
Pay attention to the combination of prevention and treatment
1. Avoid contact with allergens. This is an effective way to prevent allergic diseases.
2. Symptomatic medication to relieve symptoms. For example, allergy medications are used to relieve allergy symptoms.
3. Desensitization therapy. It is mainly to prepare allergen sensitizing proteins into desensitization preparations of different concentrations, and gradually increase the dose of desensitization preparations through repeated injections or repeated contact with patients through other routes of administration, so as to improve the tolerance of patients to the allergen. When exposed to these allergens again, the patient's symptoms are reduced or they are no longer allergic.
4. Patients should receive health education to raise awareness of the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Remember how to prevent it
To prevent allergic diseases, we should pay attention to regular work and rest, combine work and rest, and avoid staying up late. Staying up late can cause endocrine disorders, immune system disorders, and then induce allergic diseases.
Try to avoid exposure to allergens and stay indoors as much as possible during the day. Close the screen window for indoor ventilation, pay attention to indoor hygiene, wet cleaning, and turn on the air purifier if necessary.
When you need to go out, you can pay attention to the forecast of the meteorological website in advance, pay attention to the temperature change and increase or decrease clothing in a timely manner, and avoid the period when there are more flying flakes and high pollen concentrations according to the forecast. Take protective measures, wear masks correctly, wear long clothes and trousers, especially those who go out by bicycle can wear goggles and scarves to reduce the chance of allergens getting into your eyes.
When returning after going out, you should wash your hands first, wash your nose and face at the same time, and clean up the flying flotsam, pollen, and dust on your coat in time.
Editor: Li Juan and Ma Bin
Editor-in-chief: Qin Xia Editor-in-charge: Fan Haidong
Director: Chen Keyi Producer: Ji Ping