As a world-renowned chip foundry company, TSMC's recent news has attracted widespread attention in the industry. According to a number of foreign media reports, TSMC will invest an additional $25 billion to build a 2nm process chip factory in the United States, and is expected to achieve large-scale mass production around 2030.
The reason why this news will attract so many people's attention is that, on the one hand, TSMC, as a leading enterprise in the field of global chip foundry, has mastered the most advanced chip process technology, and at the same time, it has a lot of influence in the chip semiconductor industry. On the other hand, because the United States previously took out a subsidy of 52 billion US dollars to attract TSMC, Samsung and other semiconductor companies to build factories in the United States, as a result, after TSMC invested 40 billion US dollars to build factories, the United States revised the subsidy rules, resulting in TSMC having no choice but to announce that it would give up applying for subsidies and postpone the mass production time of American factories, so many people think that TSMC has begun to "turn".
There are two key reasons why TSMC chose to build a factory in the United States this time, on the one hand, the United States has said that it will give TSMC a subsidy of $6.6 billion and a low-cost use of $5 billion. On the other hand, the demand for TSMC foundry by American companies is still strong, and many orders from TSMC come from American chip companies.
After entering 2024, TSMC has received orders from many American chip companies one after another, especially with the rapid development of the artificial intelligence industry, the demand for AI chips continues to increase, and the manufacturing process of AI chips is gradually growing. Judging from the news from the previous American media, TSMC received a large number of AI chip orders from Nvidia and AMD at the beginning of the year, and it can even be said that the production capacity is full this year.
It is precisely because of this that many people in the industry have said: TSMC "won the bet". In fact, it is true that under the condition of continuous "filling" of advanced processes, TSMC's capacity utilization rate has been maintained at a relatively high level, and in this case, it has also brought a lot of revenue to TSMC.
As a well-known chip foundry in China, SMIC has always maintained a double-end approach, that is, it continues to strengthen the production capacity of mature process chips while continuously developing advanced process technologies. Thanks to its deep cultivation in the field of mature chips and the support of the Chinese market, SMIC has also achieved good results in 2023, with the overall capacity utilization rate remaining at about 78%, which is about the same as TSMC.
In a sense, the rapid development of TSMC has also had some impact on SMIC's revenue in the international market, so many foreign media said: It is estimated that SMIC did not expect that TSMC's "reversal" would come so quickly. However, it is worth noting that this is that Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. also planned to expand the production capacity of mature process chips, but found that it was difficult to achieve sufficient advantages compared with SMIC in this regard, whether it was yield rate or production capacity, SMIC has entered the international leading level in the field of mature process chips.
Today, SMIC is in a stage of rapid development, and TSMC's achievements in the field of advanced processes are both challenges and opportunities for SMIC. In the face of the transformation of the global supply chain, SMIC should also accelerate the research and development of advanced process technologies to seize the development opportunities.
However, for TSMC, it is also facing a lot of troubles now, SMIC, which has excellent performance in the field of mature processes, and "challengers" such as Samsung and Intel have also appeared in the field of advanced processes, and it is not easy to say whether it can continue to maintain its advantages.
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