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Text | Zhu Xiaoyue loves Kanyu
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Huang Kecheng and Zhang Yunyi, two revolutionary veterans, each played an important role in China's modern history. Huang Ke, a native of Yongxing, Hunan, has been involved in many key historical battles since his youth, from the Northern Expedition to the Red Army's Long March, to the War of Resistance Against Japan, and finally rose to a senior military position. From the Huanghuagang Uprising to the leadership of the New Fourth Army, Zhang Yunyi's footprints traveled all over the north and south of China. Both of them were transferred to the local government after the founding of the People's Republic of China and continued to contribute to the peace and development of the country. Why can their careers span half a century and have such a great impact? Let's take Xiao Zhu into this story.
Huang Kecheng
During the arduous years of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Huang Kecheng paid attention to improving the combat skills and political consciousness of the soldiers, strengthened the discipline of the troops, and ensured that every soldier could maintain a high degree of will to fight under difficult conditions. Through continuous combat practice and internal training, the 3rd Division became a highly offensive unit in the New Fourth Army.
With the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, in response to the strategic plan of the Party Central Committee for the liberation of the whole of China, Huang Kecheng led about 35,000 officers and soldiers of the New Fourth Army to march quickly to the northeast. This eastward advance is not only a major strategic shift, but also a major test of the troops' capabilities. With a high degree of political enthusiasm and firm military determination, Huang Kecheng and his subordinates marched towards this new battlefield.
Through these efforts of Huang Kecheng, the Third Division not only became an army that terrified the enemy, but also fully demonstrated the brand-new appearance and powerful strength of the new Chinese army, marking the strategic transformation from a local anti-war force to a national liberation force.
In the spring of 1940, Huang Kecheng, as the commander of the second column, led the troops from the hinterland of the Taihang Mountains to the east to the junction of Hebei, Shandong, and Henan. The purpose of this strategic action was to rendezvous with the Hebei-Shandong-Henan detachments operating in the area in order to strengthen the anti-Japanese forces. In this process, the two teams successfully joined forces and integrated and combined, thus symbolically establishing the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, and Huang Kecheng was appointed commander of the military region, shouldering a greater responsibility.
Huang Kecheng took quick action in his new position, and he not only strengthened the combat training of the troops, but also set about improving and expanding the anti-Japanese base areas. Through his efforts and the struggle of his troops, by the end of 1941, anti-Japanese base areas in southern Hebei, northern Henan, and southwestern Shandong had been basically established, forming a vast and solid area of resistance. These base areas are not only important areas for military defense, but also key areas for popularizing the idea of resisting Japan and saving the country and carrying out the party's work.
During this period, Huang Kecheng also paid attention to the interaction with the local people, and improved their anti-Japanese awareness and self-protection ability through various ways. He actively promoted land reform in the region, distributed land to poor peasants, and organized the masses to train the Self-Defense Forces, thus strengthening the internal unity and external resistance of the base areas.
By 1950, the liberation war in Chinese mainland was about to come to a successful end. At this critical historical moment, Huang Kecheng was entrusted with heavy responsibilities and served as the first secretary of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee. This position not only marked his important position in the party, but also symbolized his key role in the political arena of New China.
Under Huang Kecheng's leadership, Hunan Province embarked on a series of important socio-economic reconstruction and reforms. He focused on restoring and promoting the development of economic activities in the province, especially promoting the recovery of agriculture and industry, ensuring the stability and development of Hunan after the Liberation War. Huang Kecheng also actively promoted land reform and redistributed land from landlords to landless or landless peasants, a policy that greatly increased rural productivity and improved the living standards of peasants.
While rectifying and optimizing government institutions, Huang Kecheng also paid attention to strengthening party building and ensuring that the party maintained its position as the core of leadership under the new social conditions. He emphasized ideological education to enhance the people's sense of identity with the new regime, thus laying a solid political and social foundation for Hunan's long-term development.
Zhang Yunyi
Zhang Yunyi was born in 1892 in Wenchang, Guangdong Province, to a peasant family in Shangyi Village, Fufu Township, where he lived in extremely poor conditions. His family did not come from a wealthy background, and his parents relied on hard work in the fields to make ends meet, although the barren land and harsh climate often left the family without enough to eat.
Even though his family was in dire financial straits, Zhang Yunyi's parents decided to let him go to a private school when he was seven years old. They understand the power of knowledge to change their lives, even if it means being under greater economic pressure. Zhang Yunyi is gifted and intelligent, he cherishes this hard-won learning opportunity and tirelessly delves into textbook knowledge. His efforts paid off, and at the age of 12, he was admitted to the prestigious Kai Ming Primary School in the region.
At Qiming Higher Primary School, Zhang Yunyi not only excelled in his studies, but he also actively participated in various cultural and social activities of the school, demonstrating his multi-faceted talents and leadership potential. His teachers and classmates are looking forward to his future and believe that he will be able to contribute to society in the future. Despite the difficult living conditions, Zhang Yunyi never gave up his passion for knowledge and personal growth. His story has inspired many students from similar backgrounds to him, proving that birth is not the only factor that determines the future.
In the spring of 1911, a fierce anti-Qing uprising broke out in the Huanghuagang area of Guangzhou. Zhang Yunyi was already a hot-blooded young man at that time, and joined the ranks of the uprising with his comrades. Early that morning, they were suddenly besieged by the Qing army, and the situation was treacherous. In an emergency, Zhang Yunyi and several comrades-in-arms were forced to take refuge in a nearby home.
The rebel team waited nervously in the room, and Zhang Yunyi decided to venture out in order to get more information about the outside. Pretending to be an ordinary citizen, he strolled through the streets and observed the movements of the Qing army. When he cautiously returned, he was horrified to find that the Qing army had quietly infiltrated the hiding place and wiped out all his comrades.
The arrested comrades were then taken to the corner of the street and brutally shot. The bodies of these martyrs were collected and buried in Huanghuagang by the citizens of Guangzhou, and they were collectively known as the "72 Martyrs of Huanghuagang". If Zhang Yunyi hadn't gone out to inquire about the news at that time, he would have become one of the lists of those who died bravely. Many years later, Zhang Yunyi sighed and said: "If I don't go out at that time, I will also become a member of Huanghuagang."
This historical event profoundly influenced Zhang Yunyi's subsequent life of resistance. He regarded this experience as a turning point in his life, which not only deepened his dedication to the revolutionary cause, but also made him cherish every opportunity to fight for the country and the people. His survival allowed him to continue to fight for the independence and freedom of the nation, while the martyrs who died planted the seeds of hope for the revolution with their flesh and blood.
In 1912, Zhang Yunyi successfully enrolled in the Guangdong Army Accelerated School, which began his journey of formal military education. This school was one of the most reputable military training institutions of its time, dedicated to training officers with knowledge of modern military strategy and tactics. There, he not only received an in-depth education in military theory, but also learned practical combat skills, which laid a solid foundation for his later military career.
Among Zhang Yunyi's classmates, Ye Ting and Xue Yue also became important figures in China's military circles. The exchange and learning experience of these classmates greatly enriched his understanding of the military and political situation, and also established a deep friendship and mutual support network between them.
After completing his studies, Zhang Yunyi was assigned to Hainan Island to carry out revolutionary activities. During this period, he was active on the front lines of the Protectorate Movement that overthrew Yuan Shikai's rule, demonstrating outstanding leadership and tactical wisdom. His military prowess was proven in actual combat, especially in several crucial battles, which earned him the respect of his colleagues and the favor of his superiors.
Through continuous efforts and leadership skills, Zhang Yunyi rose rapidly in military positions, gradually rising from an ordinary platoon commander to a brigade commander. Each promotion is an affirmation of his tactical understanding and leadership skills. Zhang Yunyi's series of promotions in the army not only deepened his dedication to revolutionary ideals, but also made him more firmly committed to the cause of the liberation of the country and the nation.
With the full-scale outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War in 1937, Zhang Yunyi actively participated in the anti-Japanese war activities on the front line. Not only did he lead the troops as a senior commander, but in 1940 he co-commanded the battles of Dingyuan and Bantaji with Liu Shaoqi, one of the leaders of the CCP at the time. In these two key battles, Zhang Yunyi's army showed extremely high combat effectiveness and excellent tactical use, successfully repelling many attacks by the Kuomintang diehards, and this victory effectively consolidated the stability of the anti-Japanese front and raised the morale of the anti-Japanese army and people.
After the Southern Anhui Incident in 1941, Zhang Yunyi's military career ushered in a new development. He was appointed deputy commander of the New Fourth Army and concurrently served as commander of the 2nd Division. In this position, Zhang Yunyi was not only responsible for the day-to-day management and combat training of the troops, but he also led the troops to organize and plan many effective military operations against the Japanese army and the Kuomintang diehards in the base areas. These actions not only strengthened the defense force of the base areas, but also enhanced the ability and determination of the military and civilians to resist the war.
Zhang Yunyi particularly emphasized the close ties with the people, believing that only by going deep among the people and mobilizing the masses can we truly build a solid position against the enemy. He promoted political education and popular mobilization among the troops, which greatly enhanced the combat effectiveness of military-civilian integration. Zhang Yunyi's efforts have won him high respect and trust in the army and among the local people. During this period, he made indelible contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, not only as a military leader, but also as a political and social activist.
In September 1949, Zhang Yunyi was entrusted with the important task of serving as the second secretary of the Central South Bureau. He was also appointed secretary of the Guangxi Provincial Party Committee, chairman of the Guangxi Provincial People's Government, and commander and political commissar of the Guangxi Military Region. In these positions, he led the military and civilians in Guangxi to carry out large-scale anti-bandit operations, effectively eliminated the local counter-revolutionary forces, and provided solid political and military support for the establishment and consolidation of the new regime.
In the years that followed, Zhang Yunyi played a key role in Guangxi's political ecology and social stability. His leadership was not limited to military operations, but also involved extensive political education and economic construction, striving to improve the living standards and political consciousness of the local people, and promoting the comprehensive development of the region.
By 1952, due to the long-term work pressure and accumulated exertion, Zhang Yunyi's health began to deteriorate, and he resigned from his leadership position to focus on physical recovery. Despite retiring into the background, his contributions to the country are widely recognized.
In 1955, in recognition of Zhang Yunyi's outstanding contributions to the cause of revolution and construction for many years, he was awarded the rank of founding general, and at the same time won the first-class eighty-one medal, the first-class independent freedom medal and the first-class liberation medal, which are highly recognized for his selfless dedication and outstanding achievements.
On November 19, 1974, General Zhang Yunyi died in Beijing at the age of 82. His death is not only a great loss to the military circles, but also deeply saddened by the broad masses of the people. Zhang Yunyi's life was full of feats of service to the country and the people, and his spirit and achievements will be remembered by future generations for a long time.
(Reference books: "The Biography of Zhang Yunyi" and "The Biography of Huang Kecheng")