Knowledge of fire prevention and disaster prevention
1. How to use a fire extinguisher
(1) Lift the fire extinguisher. First of all, you need to lift the fire extinguisher to make sure that it is in a horizontal and vertical state;
(2) Shake the fire extinguisher. Before using the fire extinguisher, the fire extinguisher should be turned upside down several times to loosen the dry powder or agent in the cylinder;
(3) Unplug the safety pin. Depending on the type of fire extinguisher, pull out the safety pin, which is usually a metal ring or pull ring;
(4) Aim at the fire source. Aim the nozzle or jet hose at the fire source and keep a distance of about 3 to 5 meters to ensure that the fire extinguisher can effectively spray the fire extinguishing agent;
(5) Press the fire extinguisher. Finally, hold the nozzle or jet hose with one hand and press the pressure handle with the other hand to start spraying the extinguishing agent.
It is important to note that when using a fire extinguisher, it should always be kept upside down so that it can be used at all times. In addition, during use, direct contact with the nozzle of the fire extinguisher should be avoided to prevent injury.
2. Fire self-rescue and escape methods
1. Call the police in time. After discovering a fire, you should immediately call 119 to call the police and explain the specific location of the fire;
2. Stay calm. In the event of a fire, you should stay calm, do not panic, quickly find items such as wet towels or clothes, and cover your mouth and nose to reduce the risk of toxic gas inhalation and burns;
3. Observe the location of the fire source and the direction of smoke drifting. According to the location of the fire source and the direction of the smoke drift, choose the correct escape direction;
4. Don't be greedy for possessions. If the fire is large, you should evacuate quickly and do not delay the escape time due to greed for property;
5. Choose the safest route. Quickly flee the fire and bend down to lower the height of your body, as hot air usually moves upwards;
6. Cover your mouth and nose with a damp cloth. If it is difficult to escape, wait for rescue, and try to cover your mouth and nose with a damp cloth, and escape to a room by the window, while plugging the crack of the door with a quilt, etc.;
7. Use evacuation channels and safe exits. Be familiar with the fire safety environment of the building, understand and familiarize yourself with the location of evacuation passages and safety exits, and ensure that these passages and exits are unobstructed.
3. Common sense of safety in the use of electricity, coal and gas
1. If the voltage rises abnormally during the use of the electrical equipment, or the electrical equipment has abnormal noise, smell, temperature, smoke and fire, it is necessary to immediately disconnect the power supply, and then check or extinguish the fire;
2. It is necessary to develop good habits, so that people can turn off the power when they walk, break the switch when the power is off, touch the back of the shell with the back of the hand, cut off the power for maintenance and inspection, and have obvious disconnection points for power failure, etc.;
3. When using liquefied gas cylinders, it is not allowed to close the gas cylinders to the fire source and heat source, it is strictly forbidden to dump the residual liquid, and it is strictly forbidden to heat the gas cylinder with fire, steam and hot water;
4. If air leakage is found, all valves should be closed in time, the air source should be cut off, the doors and windows should be opened for ventilation, open flames should be eliminated, and it is strictly forbidden to turn on electrical switches, such as turning on lights and making phone calls, to prevent electric sparks;
5. Winter heating should also prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. When sleeping at night, burn all the coal in the heating coal stove, do not stuffy the cover, and install a chimney in the gas coal stove;
6. Gas, coal, fuel equipment, etc. should not be placed in the living room or poorly ventilated place, and it is advisable to maintain good indoor ventilation at all times. In case of carbon monoxide poisoning, in addition to calling the emergency number as soon as possible, open the windows for ventilation.
Fire is ruthless, fire prevention is at the moment, prudent prevention, everyone is responsible.