01.
Socrates
The film basically restores "The Apology" and "Crito". In the second half of the play, the scene where Socrates and Leto debate is a cut version of the original text, which basically covers the important ideas of the self-defense chapter.
1. Refute the charge of "corrupting the minds of young people".
2. Refute the accusation of "atheist" and the idea that "he is the wisest" and about death.
However, after the death sentence, the dialogue with his friend Clito, who helped him escape from prison, is much less severe, but at the end of the film, it should be more about exaggerating the atmosphere of Socrates' death rather than destroying the tragic atmosphere with high-minded talk.
02. "The Last Days of Immanuel Kant"
Based on De Quincey's essays written in the 1850s (Kant's Later Years and Other Essays), the film shows Kant's life in the last years before his death.
The film focuses on the great philosopher's bizarre, compulsive habits, and less on his philosophical thoughts. The most dramatic episode of the whole film is that the servant who has served Kant for thirty years suddenly decides to leave.
03. "Wittgenstein"
This modern drama presents the life and thoughts of the Vienna-born, Cambridge-educated philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951). His main interest lies in the study of the nature and limits of language.
The film uses the simplest black background, and all the investments are in the costumes, actors, and lighting, and the composition is like a dark Enlightenment painting. Wittgenstein appears as a young boy who had a repressive teenage age, with his family on screen wearing Roman tunics. A series of small scenes depict his life from his childhood, through the First World War, to his eventual role as a professor at Cambridge with Bertrand Russell and John Maynard Keynes.
Director Derek Jarman used dramatic sketches and imaginative tricks, such as the appearance of Martian gnomes, to represent Wittgenstein's aristocratic manners, Jewish background, and homosexual tendencies.
04. "Kafka"
Kafka is a famous existential master of the 20th century, and this film uses him as the male lead, but it is not a serious biopic, but only a bizarre encounter in his youth, which brings out a rather chic political thriller. At the time, Kafka was a junior clerk in an insurance company, and although he had already received critical acclaim for his book Metamorphosis, he was still withdrawn and introverted from associating with his colleagues. One day, his only close colleague died in the water, and his fiancée could not accept the police's claim that he had committed suicide, so she asked Kafka to help find out the truth.
Since both of them were anarchist revolutionaries, the group asked Kafka to join the organization and help write the leaflets, but Kafka refused to ask for and was drawn into the center of the maelstrom, which led him to discover the terrible truth. Director Steven Sodaberg, who rose to prominence with "Sex, Lies, Videotapes", made the atmosphere quite tight and blurry, and the actor Jeremy Irons also performed brilliantly, skillfully presenting the inner world of a paranoid.
05. "Hannah Arendt"
In 1960, Israel announced the arrest of Adolf Eichmann, a former high-ranking Nazi German official known as the "executor", and tried him in Jerusalem in 1961. Hannah Arendt (Barbara Sukowa), a famous Jewish female philosopher who has lived in the United States for many years, was invited by The New Yorker to write for the trial.
When Hannah Arendt traveled to Jerusalem to watch the trial, she found a disagreement between Eichmann's interpretation, public opinion, and her own philosophical reflections. When Arendt elevated Eichmann's actions to the level of philosophy, her essay unsurprisingly sparked criticism and criticism in society, and some of Hannah Arendt's old friends even broke off with her. Heidegger's most proud schoolgirl tried to get out of the storm, only to find that everything was not as simple as she expected.
06. "A Guide to the Ideological Morphology of the Perverted"
is a Slovenian philosopher and Lacanian psychoanalyst Slavoj Zizek (Slavoj Zizek) as the screenwriter and host of the documentary "Pervert Cinema Guide", which will present a palace-level gluttonous feast for movie enthusiasts.
In the 150-minute film, the charismatic Slavoj Žižek makes witty remarks, quoting 42 classic film sequences made by famous directors such as Hitchcock, David Lynch, Tarkovsky, and the Wachowski brothers, fusing psychoanalysis, subjectivity, ideology and popular culture, exploring the hidden lens language behind the film, and guiding the audience to think about the connection between themselves and the film.
As the most important successor of Lacan's theory, Slavoře Žižek has long been committed to communicating the relationship between Lacan's psychoanalytic theory and Marxist philosophy, forming a very unique academic and political position, and is called a Hegelian thinker by some scholars.
08. "The Night Pessoa Met Cavafis"
On October 21, 1929, the ocean sailed on the liner Saturnia to Trieste, traveling to the United States, picking up migrants from the ports of the Mediterranean.
A young Greek Patras who walked will witness an unexpected encounter: in this vessel carries the dream of a new world, the night will happen just a dream, but a real meeting of one or two great poets of the past century: Fernando Pessoa and Constantine Cavafy.
09. "Sisyphus"
Based on the story of Sisyphus in Greek mythology, this short film was nominated for the 1976 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.
Sisyphus, the son of Aeolus, the king of grace, was known for his cunning and wit, and amassed a great deal of wealth by founding the city of Corinth in the narrow strip between the two countries. After Zeus kidnapped Aegina, the daughter of the river god Asopus, Sisyphus told Aegina about Aegina's hiding place for his own benefit, Zeus was very angry and sent Thanatus, the god of death, to take Sisyphus, but Tanatos was put in heavy shackles by Sisyphus, and no one died in the world, until the god of war Ares came forward, Tanatos brought Sisyphus to the underworld, but Sisyphus came back to the world with a clever plan。
Sisyphus's soul was finally ingested by Tanatos, and he was severely punished: every day he had to push the huge stone up the steep mountain with all his might, and when he reached the peak, the stone would automatically slide out of his hand, and he would have to do it again, and repeat the labor. But this short film rewrites the myth from a different perspective.
10. "When Nietzsche Cried......
The film is based on the novel of the same name by best-selling psychotherapy author Owen Aron.
At the end of the nineteenth century in Vienna, Breel, a medical master in his forties, suddenly received an unexpected letter. The sender turned out to be socialite Lou Salome (Katheryn Winnick). Although Brell hesitated suddenly, he still went to the café as promised. Salome's purpose was to hope that Brell would help her close friend, the existentialist master Nietzsche, who had a painstakingly "painful feeling" that accompanied him every day.
In order to heal Nietzsche, who was unwilling to accept treatment at all, Brell could only pretend to need Nietzsche's help. For a whole month, Brell and Nietzsche had in-depth conversations in different venues. As a result, a series of psychotherapy sessions that do not know who is the patient and who is the doctor are started......
11. "Sophie's World"
Based on the best-selling philosophical novel of the same name, Sophie's World.
Sophie (Silje Storstein), a 14-year-old girl, finds a mysterious letter in her mailbox after school one day, with three words written on it: Who are you? The next day she received a second letter, this time asking the question: Where did the world come from? Sophie, who had been living an ordinary life, began to think seriously about these questions, which were never answered at school.
Sophie inquired about the arrival of the letter as Albert (Tomas von Brömssen), he had a hut by the lake, Sophie turned into Little Red Riding Hood on the way to the hut, met the Three Musketeers, and saw a girl who looked exactly like herself in the mirror of the hut, and picked up a postcard that she had to pass on to the girl Sid.
Later, however, Sophie realizes that she is inextricably linked to Sid. Here, 14-year-old Sid is waiting for his father to return home, and his father's birthday present is a philosophy book written by himself. What is the relationship between Sophie and Sid?
12. "Turin Horse"
Turin, 3 January 1889. Frédéric Nietzsche stops in front of Gate 6 of the Hotel Via Carlo Elport. His eyes were drawn to a carriage outside the hotel. Not far away, a pony cart was parked. The coachman of the carriage was confronted by a stubborn horse. No matter how much the coachman shouted, the horses had no intention of moving.
Eventually, the coachman lost his patience, picked up the whip, and struck at the horse. When Nietzsche saw this, he squeezed into the crowd, rushed to the horse, stopped the groom, hugged the horse's neck, and wept bitterly. The owner of the hotel came and took Nietzsche away. Nietzsche, who returned to the hotel, lay quietly and motionless on the sofa for two days. Then, he whispered a few words. What followed was Nietzsche's decade of insanity and nervousness, in the care of his sister and mother.
No one knows what happened in Turin, in the body of that horse, in Nietzsche's psyche.
13. "The Lovers of the Flower God Cafe"
The story takes place in 1929, Beauvoir (Anna Mouglalis) meets Sartre (Lorànt Deutsch), the man who changed the fate of her life, and the two are brought together by the same idea.
However, the merry Sartre was not willing to give up his "free" life for Beauvoir, even though he had established a relationship with Beauvoir, he still openly interacted with many partners, and he and Beauvoir had already agreed that the existence of these partners would not destroy the love between them, on the contrary, without restraints, they would get real love.
Although Beauvoir also had her own lover, she could not get out of the shackles of being a woman, and her desire for exclusivity and jealousy made her cry alone in the night, and the "contract marriage" between her and Sartre brought her inspiration and honor, but also became a labyrinth that she could not get around for the rest of her life.
14. "The Outsider"
"The Outsider" is adapted from Camus's existential novel of the same name, about a French clerk in Algeria, lonely and introverted, not good at communicating with people, and no one around him cares about him.
He was indifferent to everything in society, and even the death of his mother did not make him too sad. Later, he accidentally shot and killed a hooligan, but for the first time he attracted the attention of the society, and the court also inferred that he was inherently stubborn based on his performance at his mother's funeral and his daily life.
He did not accept the priest's admonitions, but he had a positive view of his own life and death. The absurdity of real life makes this little clerk an outsider who is inadvertently alien to the law and traditional customs. Visconti is based on the famous novel "The Outsider" by the French existentialist philosopher Camus, but it suffered a tragic Waterloo, not only with a flood of bad reviews, but also with the director himself.
The theme of the film is clear, impactful, and very faithful to the original, but it seems clumsy and dragging. This film was nominated for the Golden Lion Award at the Venice Film Festival and the Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film that year.
15. "Rosa Luxemburg"
Based on the letters and speeches of a radical Jewish political leader at the beginning of the last century, it tells the story of Rosa Luxemburg (a well-known political activist and theoretician of the international communist movement, leader of the German Social Democratic Party and the left wing of the Second International) who participated in the ups and downs of the German Social Democratic Party until her assassination in 1919. “
Red Rosa was a "very flamboyant personality" and was imprisoned nine times, but her fighting spirit never lost (until after World War I).
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