??? Peng Dehuai (1898-1974), formerly known as Peng Dehua, was known as Shi Piercing. A native of Xiangtan, Hunan. In 1916, he joined the Hunan Army, and in 1922, he was admitted to the Hunan Army Officers' Lecture Hall, and returned to the Hunan Army as a company commander and battalion commander after graduation. During the Northern Expedition, he served as the battalion commander and regiment commander of the people's reactionary army. In July 1928, he led the Pingjiang Uprising and formed the Fifth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, serving as its commander. The former commander-in-chief of the Red Army's Jinggangshan Division and the deputy commander-in-chief of the Red First Army led his troops to conquer Changsha, the first record in the history of the Red Army to conquer the provincial capital.
??? During the Long March, Mao Zedong praised Peng Dehuai's outstanding military talent and fearless fighting spirit, and gave him a poem: "The mountains are high, the roads are dangerous, the ditches are deep, the army is galloping, who dares to cross the sword, only I am General Peng." ”
??? After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army, a reactionary army of the people. Peng Dehuai served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army. In August 1940, Peng Dehuai launched an offensive war with 105 regiments to attack the Japanese army's communication lines and strongholds mainly on Zhengtai Road (known as the "Battle of the Hundred Regiments"), killing and wounding more than 25,000 Japanese puppet soldiers, capturing 18,000 people, and pulling out 2,990 strongholds, dealing a heavy blow to the enemy. Our army also suffered more than 22,000 casualties and paid heavy sacrifices. This campaign was permeated with Peng Dehuai's unique military courage, command art, and combat style, and the concealment of its launch, the ingenuity of its command, the bravery of its operations, and the enthusiasm of the masses will all leave a brilliant page in the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. In this regard, Chiang Kai-shek sent a telegram of commendation, the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee praised it, and the Yan'an 10,000-person meeting congratulated the people.
??? After the Japanese invaders suffered heavy blows, they carried out a frenzied "sweep" of various anti-Japanese base areas in North China. Peng Dehuai led the army and the people behind enemy lines to wage a desperate struggle against the enemy, repelled the enemy's "sweeps" again and again, and plunged the enemy into the vast sea of people's guerrilla warfare. In May 1942, the enemy "swept away" Taihang with 20,000 troops and attacked the command organization of the Eighth Route Army. Peng Dehuai and Zuo Quan, chief of the General Staff, broke through by separate routes, and Peng Dehuai led the fighters of the headquarters to break through the enemy's fire net, and Zuo Quan unfortunately died. After that, Peng Dehuai sent a large number of cadres back to Yan'an to maintain the struggle behind enemy lines. In September 1943, Peng Dehuai was ordered to return to Yan'an to assist Mao Zedong and Zhu De in commanding the War of Resistance behind enemy lines until victory. In August 1945, Peng Dehuai served as vice chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and chief of the general staff.
??? During the bondage war, Peng Dehuai served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Chinese People's Bondage Army, commander and political commissar of the Northwest Field Corps, and commander of the First Field Army.
??? On September 15, 1950, MacArthur commanded the U.S. military to land at Incheon, and on October 1, he crossed the "38th parallel" and pointed directly at the Yalu River on the border between China and North Korea. The Chinese government headed by Mao Zedong decided to send troops to resist US aggression and aid Korea to defend the country, and on October 8 appointed Peng Dehuai as the commander of the Chinese People's Volunteers to lead the army into Korea to fight. On the evening of 19 October, our volunteer army crossed the Yalu River in batches.
??? On 24 October, the vanguard of the US army arrived 35 kilometers from the Sino-DPRK border, some of them had already occupied China's intended defensive areas, and the puppet Sixth Division had even reached Chushan on the other side of the Yalu River. However, the enemy did not realize that our army had quietly entered the DPRK and was dividing his troops to advance without any scruples. Peng Dehuai ordered 2 divisions of the Volunteer Army to block the enemy on the eastern front, and 5 corps and 1 division to gather on the western front, interspersed with detours against the advancing enemy, divided and encircled, and destroyed the enemy in the movement. When the enemy troops on the Western Front arrived at Bochuan, Yunshan, and other places, our armies suddenly launched a fierce attack on the enemy, fought fiercely for 12 days and nights, annihilated 15,000 enemies, inflicted heavy losses on the US "ace" US First Cavalry Division, drove the enemy back to the south of the Qingchuan River, and the Volunteer Army won the first battle.
??? The arrogant MacArthur was taken aback by the sudden emergence of a ruling company in our army and their first victory. In November, Mai Shi counterattacked our positions with a strong air force and well-equipped ground forces. Peng Dehuai ordered the armies to retreat 30 miles, showing weakness to the enemy, luring the enemy deep with a small part of the force, and then looking for an opportunity to destroy it. On the 25th, Peng Dehuai commanded our army to once again intersperse the encirclement, cutting the enemy into sections, and the enemy army on the western front was squeezed into a small area south of Yuanchuan and Tokugawa, north of Sanlisuo and Longyuan, which was chaotic, and our army carried forward its night combat and close combat specialties to attack the enemy. On December 5, our troops recaptured Pyongyang. Lieutenant General Walker, commander of the U.S. Eighth Army, died in a car accident on the way to escape. On December 24, our troops on the Eastern Front regained the port of Wonsan, the Hung Nam area, and the coastal ports, and the US Tenth Army withdrew from the sea under the cover of its naval and air firepower.
??? On December 31, Peng Dehuai launched a third war. Our six armies and the three corps of the Korean People's Army were divided into three assault groups, and suddenly attacked the ground behind, breaking through the "38th Parallel" position in one fell swoop, the enemy withdrew to the south of the Han River, Seoul was bound, and our army advanced south to the area of the "37th Parallel". After advancing 80 to 110 kilometers, only more than 19,000 enemy troops were destroyed. Peng Dehuai, who had rich military experience, realized that there was deceit in this, and that the enemy was trying to lure me south, empty our rear, and destroy me. Then he resolutely withdrew his troops and stopped the pursuit. However, the Soviet ambassador to the DPRK, Razovaev, opposed the withdrawal of troops, insisting that our troops continue to pursue, and always hit Pusan and drove the enemy into the sea. After hearing this, Peng Dehuai said: "Leave him alone, I am responsible for the people, and I will take responsibility for mistakes." The ambassador then reacted to Stalin, who was a great military strategist, and he rebuked Lazovaev, saying that Peng Dehuai was a genius military strategist of his time who defeated the world's greatest imperialism with such inferior equipment. Peng was right.
??? Sure enough, the enemy gathered all his forces and launched a large-scale offensive on our defensive fronts of more than 200 kilometers on January 27, 1951, and the fourth war began. Peng Dehuai adopted the policy of "putting the enemy in the west and letting it go in the east," resisting the enemy on the western front, letting the enemy out on the eastern front, and destroying him in the movement. By April 21, our army had put up stubborn resistance to the enemy, and the enemy had advanced an average of only 1.3 kilometers a day, but had paid the price of 78,000 men. For this reason, MacArthur, who was praised by the US government and the opposition as "the god of war of a generation," became a defeated general under General Peng, was dismissed by President Truman, and was forced to roll up his luggage and return to China.
?? On the evening of 22 April, accompanied by Peng Dehuai's order, our 11 armies and one corps of the Korean People's Army were divided into three assault groups, and at the same time launched an attack on the enemy on all fronts, and the fifth war began. The enemy was overwhelmed by our hurricane-like defense and was forced to retreat to the Seoul area. However, Li Qiwei, the new commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army," discovered the weakness of our army, that is, the battle line was too long, it was difficult to supply, and each attack could only last a week, so he changed his tactics and ordered the US and South Korean troops to desperately hold Seoul. At the same time, the 1st Cavalry Division of the United States was transferred to strengthen the defense of Seoul and build a tight fire zone around Seoul. Our troops struggled to move, were attacked by enemy air and artillery fire, and suffered heavy casualties. By the 28th, our army had lost the opportunity to annihilate the enemy north of the Han River, so Peng Dehuai ordered the offensive to be suspended. On 16 May, Peng Dehuai changed his deployment and launched another offensive to encircle the South Korean Army and annihilate most of it. Although more than 82,000 enemies were annihilated in this battle, because our army fought farther, the food and ammunition carried were exhausted, and it was difficult to replenish for a while, and the rainy season was approaching, Peng Dehuai ordered a halt to the offensive on the 21st, and the main force began to move to the "38th parallel" on the 23rd.
??? In June 1951, our army switched to strategic defense, and after several battles, the enemy felt that it was impossible to cross the "38th parallel" again, so he began armistice talks on 10 July. After that, they talked and fought, and in October, our army smashed the enemy's "autumn defensive" and forced its negotiators to accept our proposal to take the actual line of reality of the two sides as the military demarcation line.
??? In April 1952, Peng Dehuai returned to China and presided over the daily work of the Central Military Commission. In the same month, Richie was appointed commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and Truman appointed Admiral Clark as commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Forces" and commander-in-chief of the US Far East Army. In November, our army smashed the enemy's "Jinhua Defense" and won the victory in the Shangganling War.
??? In June 1953, Peng Dehuai returned to North Korea, and on July 13, he launched the Jincheng counterattack, inflicting heavy losses on Syngman Rhee's puppet army who tried to break the repatriation agreement, and by the 27th, more than 78,000 enemies were annihilated and 178 square kilometers of land were recovered. On the same day, Peng Dehuai, Kim Il Sung, and Clark, representatives of China, the DPRK and the United States, signed the armistice agreement, and the Korean War ended. "Gone are the days when Western powers could occupy a country with a few cannons on the eastern coast. Peng Dehuai led the Chinese People's Volunteers to fight national and military prestige in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and was hailed as an internationally meritorious military strategist.
??? In his memoirs, Admiral Clark described his feelings at the time of his signing: "I became the first U.S. Army commander in U.S. history to sign an armistice without victory. I felt a pang of disappointment, and I thought my predecessors, General MacArthur and General Ridgway, must have felt the same way. ”
??? After returning to China, Peng Dehuai took up the post of vice premier and minister of national defense and vice chairman of the National Defense Commission. In 1955, he was awarded the rank of Marshal of the People's Republic of China and the Order of August 1 of the First Class, the Order of Independence and Freedom of the First Class, and the Order of Bondage of the First Class. In 1959, at the Lushan Gathering Conference, Peng Dehuai had the courage to speak out, and presented Mao Zedong with a "Book of Ten Thousand Words", denouncing the mistakes in the "Great Leap Forward", which was wrongly criticized and dismissed from his post. During the "Cultural Revolution", this marshal with outstanding military achievements was unjustly imprisoned and brutally persecuted. Because of long-term torture and torture, he died in Beijing on November 29, 1974, at the age of 76. In December 1978, Marshal Peng Dehuai was rehabilitated and finally received a comprehensive and fair evaluation. As a good son of the Chinese people, a well-known military strategist and politician at home and abroad, he will always be respected and mourned by the people! The Story of the Military History Corridor The story of the horse