Spring is coming, the temperature is rising, and the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease is about to enter the high incidence season. Warm reminder, parents and teachers should pay more attention to the symptoms of children's hands, feet, mouth and other parts, and seek medical attention in time if abnormalities are found.
What is hand, foot and mouth disease
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common acute infectious disease in children aged 5 years and younger caused by a variety of enteroviruses. It can occur throughout the year, with the peak of spring and summer from April to July, and the peak of autumn from September to November. The main pathogenic serotypes include coxsackievirus group A types 4-7, 9, 10, and 16 (CVA47, 9, 10, 16), groups 1-3, and 5 (CVB1-3, 5), and some serotypes of echovirus and enterovirus 71 (EV-A71). In the past, EV-A71 and CVA16 were the main pathogens, and now CVA6 has become another major common pathogen after CVA16 and EV-A71. CVA6 infection is different from the rash of HFMD caused by traditional virus infection, and some patients have a large range of skin lesions. EV-A71 remains the leading cause of severe disease and mortality from chiropodia.
What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease
It takes about 2-10 days from infection to the onset of symptoms, with an average of 3-5 days. The clinical manifestations are mostly fever, herpes on the oral mucosa, maculopapular rash and herpes on the hands, feet and buttocks, and may be accompanied by cough, runny nose, loss of appetite and other symptoms. Children usually have mild symptoms and are self-limited, and the prognosis is generally good, and they can fully recover after 7-0 days of illness. A small number of critically ill children develop rapidly deterioration, neurological complications, and multi-organ failure, which can lead to death in severe cases. A small number of patients infected with CVA6 and CVA10 may develop anail removal symptoms 2-4 weeks after illness.
How hand, foot and mouth disease is transmitted
Patients and patients with latent infection are the source of HFMD infection, and the proportion of latent infection is large. Patients are contagious before the onset of illness and are usually most contagious within 1 week of onset.
The main mode of transmission is close contact, which is through direct contact with the feces, herpes fluid, nasopharyngeal secretions, saliva of the sick person, and contact with contaminated hands, towels, handkerchiefs, dental cups, toys, cutlery, feeding bottles, bedding and other items or the environment, and can also be transmitted through respiratory droplets, such as coughing, sneezing, etc., and drinking or eating water and food contaminated with the virus.
How to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease
(1) Avoid contact with sick children. Try not to hug or share toys, utensils, toiletries, etc. with your child to prevent cross-infection.
(2) Maintain hand hygiene. Good hand hygiene is an effective measure to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease. Children should use the seven-step handwashing method to clean their hands after touching public objects, after returning home from play, before eating, after using the toilet, and after parents and caregivers return home, before processing food, changing diapers, or handling fecal-contaminated items. Wash your hands with soap, water or hand sanitizer, and choose a chlorine-containing disinfectant with an appropriate concentration after contact with sick people and contaminants.
(3) Reduce aggregation. It is recommended that children should not be taken to public places with crowds and poor air circulation during the epidemic of HFMD.
(4) Environmental ventilation. Closed public places and living rooms should be ventilated frequently to maintain air circulation.
(5) Cleaning and disinfection. Frequently touched areas, daily necessities and children's toys should be cleaned and disinfected regularly, milk utensils and tableware should be boiled and disinfected, and clothes and bedding should be dried in the sun or disinfected with ultraviolet lamps.
(6) Vaccination. Although EV-A71 vaccination cannot prevent other enterovirus infections, it can effectively prevent HFMD and other related diseases caused by EV-A71 infection, and reduce the occurrence of severe HFMD and death. In order to exert protection as soon as possible, children are encouraged to complete the full course of vaccination before the age of 12 months. It is not recommended for children over 5 years of age.
Attention friends in Yunnan
Enterovirus 71 vaccine can be used in:
Make an appointment in the "Yunnan Vaccination" applet!
First, we need to find
"Yunnan Vaccination" Mini Program login interface
Way 1
By following the WeChat official account of "Yunnan CDC", you can log in to the "Yunnan Vaccination" applet in the "Vaccination Service" → "Yunnan Vaccination" column, bind the file or follow the prompts to create a temporary file, click "Children's Appointment", →→ "Enterovirus 71 Vaccine", "Read Informed Consent→", "Select Outpatient Clinic→ "Select Date and Time Period", → "Make an Appointment Now" → "Appointment Successful".
Way two
Enter "Yunnan Vaccination" in the WeChat search bar, click Search, you can find the "Yunnan Vaccination" applet, click to enter the applet login binding interface, bind the file or follow the prompts to create a temporary file, click "Children's Appointment", → "Enterovirus 71 Vaccine→", "Read Informed Consent→", "Select Outpatient Clinic→ "Select Date and Time Period→", "Make an Appointment Now→ "Make an Appointment Successfully".
You will receive it after your appointment is successful
"Yunnan Vaccination" background sent
Appointment Success Notification
Of course, if you can't get there on time to get vaccinated
You can modify your appointment or cancel your appointment
If the above operation is not clear
You can follow the operation flow chart below
Click image for full size↓↓↓
Click "Read the original article" below to learn more about the specific operation methods of vaccine appointment and vaccination record inquiry on the official platform of Yunnan Provincial Vaccination Public Service!