In the history of the Chinese revolution, the Red Army was a revolutionary armed force under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and made great contributions to resisting the rule of the Kuomintang and fighting foreign enemies. The organizational structure of the Red Army consisted of different corps, the most well-known of which were the 1st, 3rd, and 5th Red Army Corps, the Red 2nd and 6th Army Corps, the Red 7th and 10th Army Corps, the Red 8th and 9th Army Corps, and the Red 15th Army Corps. From the names of these legions, we will find that the Red Fourth Legion is missing, so what is the reason why there is no Red Fourth Legion?
Ten regiments established in the history of the Red Army
Founded in June 1930, the Red First Army was the first regular army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, with Zhu De, commander-in-chief, Mao Zedong, political commissar, Zhu Yunqing, chief of staff, and Yang Yuebin, director of the Political Department. It has jurisdiction over the Fourth Army, with commander Lin Biao and political commissar Peng Qingquan, the Sixth Army, commander Huang Gonglue and political commissar Chen Yi, and the twelfth army, commander Wu Zhonghao and political commissar Tan Zhenlin. The 20th, 21st, 22nd, and 35th armies of the Red Army were successively organized under the Red First Army Corps, with a total of more than 20,000 people.
The Second Army Corps of the Red Army was established in July 1930, and the Second Army Corps of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army had two armies, the commander of the Second Army of the Red Army was He Longjian, the political commissar was Zhu Mianzhi, and the commander of the Red Sixth Army was Kuang Jixun, and the political commissar was Duan Dechang. The Red 2nd Army was under the jurisdiction of the 4th Division, with Wang Bingnan as the division commander and Chen Xieping as the political commissar; the 6th Red Army under the jurisdiction of the 16th Division and the 17th Division, with Wang Yiming as the commander of the 16th Division, Wang He as the political commissar, Xu Guangda as the commander of the 17th Division, and Li Jianru as the political commissar, with a total of more than 10,000 members of the Red 2nd Army.
The Red Third Army Corps was established in June 1930, with Peng Dehuai, commander-in-chief of the Third Army Corps, Teng Daiyuan, chief of staff, Deng Ping, chief of staff, and Yuan Guoping, director of the Political Department, and formed the front committee of the Third Army of the Communist Party of China, with Peng Dehuai as secretary. The Red Third Army Corps was under the jurisdiction of the Fifth and Eighth Armies. The commander of the Red Fifth Army was Deng Ping, political commissar Zhang Chunqing, and director of the Political Department Wu Shuzhi; the commander of the Red Eighth Army He Changgong, political commissar Deng Qianyuan, and director of the Political Department Ke Qingshi, with a total of more than 10,000 troops.
The Red Fifth Army was established in December 1931, with Ji Zhentong as the commander-in-chief, Dong Zhentang as the deputy commander-in-chief, Xiao Jinguang as the political commissar, and Liu Bojian as the director of the Political Department. The commander of the 13th Army was Dong Zhentang (concurrently), and the political commissar was He Changgong; the commander of the 14th Army was Zhao Bosheng, and the political commissar was Huang Huoqing; the commander of the 15th Army was Huang Zhongyue, and the political commissar was Zuo Quan.
The Red Sixth Army was established in June 1933, when the chairman of the Military and Political Committee was Ren Bi, the commander of the regiment was Xiao Ke, the political commissar was Wang Zhen, the chief of staff was Li Da, and the director of the Political Department was Zhang Ziyi. After the establishment of the leading organs of the corps, the 17th and 18th divisions were under its jurisdiction, the commanders and political commissars of the 17th divisions were respectively Xiao Ke and Wang Zhen, and the director of the political department was Zhang Ziyi (concurrently); the commander of the 18th division, Long Yun (who was reappointed as the acting agent of Kuang Zhuquan due to serious injuries), the deputy division commander was Peng Huimeng, the political commissar and director of the political department was Gan Siqi, and the chief of staff was Tan Jiashu, with a total of more than 7,800 troops.
The Red Seventh Army was established in July 1933, with Xun Huaizhou as the commander, Xiao Jinguang as the political commissar, Guo Ruyue as the chief of staff, and Deng Qianyuan as the director of the Political Department. In addition to the 19th and 20th Divisions, it also had the 34th Division and 1 independent regiment.
The Red Eighth Army Corps was established in September 1934, composed of the Red 21st Division, the Central Guard Division, that is, the Workers' Division (later renamed the 23rd Division), the entire army of about 10,000 people, less than 3,000 guns, belongs to the Red Army's 1st Front Army system, the corps commander is Zhou Kun, the political commissar is Huang Su (Su), the chief of staff is Tang Ronghou is Zhang Yunyi (acting), and the director of the Political Department is Luo Ronghuan.
The Red Ninth Army Corps was established in October 1933 with Commander Luo Binghui, Political Commissar Cai Shufan, Chief of Staff Guo Tianmin, Director of the Political Department Li Xianglian (Li Tao), (later) Huang Huoqing, Director of the Political Security Bureau Ouyang Qin, (later) Li Tao, Minister of Supply Zhao Rong, and Minister of Health Zhang Lingbin. Under the jurisdiction of the 3rd Division, the 14th Division and the 1st and 2nd Independent Regiments.
The Red Tenth Army was established in November 1934, with Zeng Hongyi as the secretary and political commissar of the Northeast Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, and Fang Zhimin as the commander of the Military Region, all under the leadership of Xiang Ying's Central Bureau of the Soviet District. Liu Chouxi, the former commander of the New Red Tenth Army in the Northeast Jiangxi Soviet Region, was appointed commander of the corps, political commissar Le Shaohua, and chief of staff Su Yu. The whole army was organized into three divisions, the former Red Seventh Army was reduced to the 19th Division, with the division commander Xun Huaizhou; the former New Red Tenth Army was organized into the 20th Division, with division commander Liu Chou and the west; and the Red Guards of the Northeast Jiangxi Soviet Region formed the 21st Division with division commander Hu Tiantao.
The Red 15th Army was established in September 1935 as a special corps in the Red Army, with Xu Haidong as the commander, Cheng Zihua as the political commissar, Liu Zhidan as the deputy corps commander and chief of staff (later Zhou Shidi and Lan Guoqing as the chief of staff), and Gao Gang as the director of the Political Department (later Guo Shushen and Wang Shoudao). The Red 25th, Red 26th, and Red 27th armies were reorganized into the 75th, 78th, and 81st divisions respectively, with a total of more than 7,000 people.
The planning and regrets of the Red Fourth Army
The Red Fourth Army was originally part of the Red Army's plan to create ten major corps. In this plan, the Red Army was divided into ten major army corps according to geography, namely the 1st, 3rd, and 5th Red Army Corps, the 2nd, 4th, and 6th Red Army Corps, the Red 7th and 10th Army Corps, the Red Eighth and Ninth Army Corps, and the Red 15th Army Corps. However, the Red Fourth Army was not finally established in this plan.
In the planning, it was originally planned to set up the Fourth Army in the Hubei-Henan-Anhui region, and was led by Liu Bocheng and Zeng Zhongsheng and others, but because of the urgency of the war at that time, coupled with the change of route and policy, the organization planned to organize an uprising centered on the big cities, so Liu Bocheng, who had just returned from studying in the Soviet Union, was sent to command the campaign, and it was obvious that this line and policy would not work, and this campaign not only prompted Liu Yun, who was traveling with Liu Bocheng, to be arrested, but also made Liu Bocheng almost not escape, which shows that this operation was unsatisfactory。
After this failure, the original plan to form the Red Fourth Army was completely disrupted, and then not only could not successfully form the Red Fourth Army, but also faced more changes. After the frontal conflict, the Kuomintang strengthened its operations against the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet region, and carried out the first "encirclement and suppression" here.
After the "encirclement and suppression" ended, the Kuomintang did not set up the Red Fourth Army Corps again, but set up the Red Fourth Front Army in the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Region, making the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Region the only large-scale base area without a corps establishment.
epilogue
Although the Red Fourth Army was not formally established, its position and role in the history of the Red Army were still irreplaceable, and it was of great significance to the development and growth of the Red Army!
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