The Spring Festival holiday is coming to an end. According to folk customs, it ends after the Lantern Festival. This year's rainy season is just before the Lantern Festival.
In a few days, it will be the second solar term "rain" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar. "Rain" is the position where the sun reaches the angle of the ecliptic longitude of 330 degrees, and it is an agricultural solar term that indicates the amount of precipitation, just like "valley rain", "heavy snow", and "light snow".
Image 01): The second of the 24 solar terms in agriculture
The arrival of the "rain" solar term marks the official beginning of spring (in fact, it began after the "beginning of spring", but the ground temperature has not yet warmed up, and everywhere is still in the middle of winter).
With the arrival of the rainy season, the temperature gradually rises, the snow melts, and the earth begins to come to life.
"Seventy-two Candidate Explanations of the Lunar Order" says: In the middle of the first month, the sky is full of water. Spring belongs to wood, but those who give birth to wood must also water. Therefore, the rain that follows the beginning of spring. And when the east wind thaws, it disperses and becomes rain. "During the rainy season, the temperature rises, the snow melts, and the precipitation increases.
In this issue, Qingjiang Crane will focus on and chat with all the teachers about the relevant knowledge of the 24 solar terms "rain" in agriculture, discuss the climatic characteristics of the rain solar terms and their impact on agricultural production, and help you and teachers better understand and respond to climate change in this period. I hope you like and actively participate in the interactive comments, forward and share the pictures and texts of this issue.
Image 02): Rainfall increases after the rainy season
Climatic characteristics before and after the rainy season:
01) Rapid temperature rise:
During the rainy season, the temperature rises quickly, and the temperature difference between day and night gradually decreases. The direct solar radiation point moves from the southern hemisphere to the northern hemisphere, and the amount of solar radiation received by the northern hemisphere gradually increases.
The tropical monsoon, which blows from the ocean to the continent, blows from the sea to the mainland, moistening the dry air. Coupled with the gradual weakening of the cold air flow from the continent, the weather is noticeably warmer. This warm climate condition is conducive to the growth and development of crops.
Picture 03): Rainfall during the rainy season is mostly "drizzle"
02) Significant increase in precipitation:
The "ocean hot airflow" pushes the "cold air mass" to move from south to north, and the rainy solar term is the turning point of the increase of precipitation in spring, and the precipitation gradually increases, but the precipitation intensity is generally not large, and it is mainly light rain or drizzle. This moderate precipitation is very beneficial for the growth of crops and can meet the water required for their growth.
03) The air becomes moist:
As precipitation increases, the humidity of the dry air gradually rises and becomes humid. This humid climate is conducive to the respiration and photosynthesis of crops, increasing the vegetative growth rate and yield of crops. In particular, leafy crops, such as rape wheat, shorten the time to regreen, which accelerates the rate of vegetative growth.
Image 04): The amount of rain before and after the rain is higher than before
The impact of climate change on agricultural production before and after the rain season:
01) Arrangement of agricultural activities:
The rainy season is an important period for the arrangement of agricultural activities in spring, and the neighbors should arrange agricultural activities reasonably according to the changes in climate characteristics.
For example, the neighbors who have not completed the winter sowing of potatoes before the year must complete the sowing at the end of the first month. Alpine potatoes should be planted by mid-February.
Spring crops that need to be sown in the open field should be prepared for seedlings, and field management should be strengthened for overwintering crops planted in greenhouses.
Winter fruit trees should complete "winter pruning" or "spring pruning", and in areas where the temperature rises quickly, "pre-flowering re-pruning" should be completed. Combined with the growth and development of fruit trees, the "spring irrigation" can be completed for some fruit tree varieties. Such as cherries, peaches, etc.
Image 05): "Drizzle" falls on the eaves to form raindrops
02) Promote the vegetative growth of crops:
The warm and humid climate of the rainy season is conducive to the growth and development of crops. Farmers need to seize this period to strengthen field management to promote faster vegetative growth and higher crop yields.
Overwintering crops such as rapeseed and wheat can be supplemented with fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer in combination with "spring irrigation" before and after rain, so that rape and wheat can quickly return to green and enter a robust vegetative growth and development period.
03) Strengthen the control of pests and diseases in crop fields:
During the rainy season, as the temperature rises and the humidity increases, the risk of the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases also increases. Farmers need to step up pest control to ensure healthy crop growth.
Image 06): Rainfall is formed around the time of the rainy season
It can be combined with the appropriate amount of "rejuvenation fertilizer" of crops, insecticides and insecticides. It can not only improve the efficiency of prevention and control, but also reduce the cost of prevention and control.
For example, "Miao Qingqing" can be used in a multi-functional combination with 80% allicin chloramphenicol EC 800~1000 times, and 2.5% cyanochlorogen EC 30~40 ml/bucket of water ternary compound to achieve the trinity of "insecticide", "disease prevention" and "seedling lifting".
Suggestions for coping with agricultural production before and after the "rain" solar term:
01) Rational planning of agricultural activities:
Neighbors need to plan their farming activities reasonably according to the climatic characteristics of the rainy season. For example, in the case of increased precipitation, timely adjustment of sowing time and field management measures to ensure the normal growth of crops.
Image 07): "Drizzle" falls on a tree branch
The sowing should be sown at the right time, and it is not advisable to miss the spring. The seedlings should be watered and raised in time. If the winter orchard management is not completed, it is necessary to "prune" and "reapply" in time.
02) Strengthen field management:
During the rainy season, farmers need to strengthen field management, including weeding, fertilizing, irrigation, etc. The situation of "disease prevention and insecticide" is relatively rare, or even none. These measures help to increase the growth rate and yield of crops, while also helping to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
Image 08): Drizzle falls on a pine branch
03) Do a good job in pest control:
As temperatures rise and humidity increases, the risk of pests and diseases occurring and spreading increases, but not none. In particular, rape and wheat in the winter. Fruit trees should be cleaned and disposed of the insect holes, eggs, and diseased residues of overwintering insect pests. Continue to do a good job in garden clearance management and tree protection.
Neighbors need to take scientific and effective pest control measures, such as regular inspections and rational use of medicines, to ensure the healthy growth of crops.
Image 09): Drizzle falls on a pine branch
Sum up:
As an important turning point of spring precipitation, the climatic characteristics of the rainy season have an important impact on agricultural production. Understanding and mastering the climatic characteristics of the rain solar term and its impact on agricultural production can help farmers better organize agricultural activities, promote the growth of crops and increase yields.
Through rational planning of agricultural activities, strengthening field management and doing a good job in pest control, the villagers can make full use of the favorable conditions of rain and solar season to achieve sustainable development of agricultural production.