Introduction to the cliff carvings of the Drum Tower
Lu Meisong
Fujian has a long history and rich culture, and the text represented by the stone carvings of the three mountains in the city briefly records the history, culture and personnel activities of the ancient city. These stone books have become rare cultural relics and historical materials, which intuitively support the history of urban development, and vividly show the literary brilliance and calligraphy of the Fujian people and the Fujian scholars. In order to show the essence of stone carvings in the region, the cliff stone carvings of Wushi, Jiuxian, Yuewang and other mountains are specially selected, and their contents, characters and calligraphy are briefly introduced and tasted one by one, so as to help readers deeply understand the content and historical background of the inscriptions, revisit the past, appreciate calligraphy, know ancient sages, enhance the feelings of love for hometown and other places, and enhance cultural self-confidence and confidence in national rejuvenation.
For the cliff carvings in the mountains of the Drum Tower, the predecessors of literary and historical experts have done relevant surveys and statistics. This introduction aims to excavate the history behind the stone carvings and explain their connotations and implications, which I believe will be helpful for tourists when visiting these monuments.
Qingling Tai comics
Written by Chen Changfei
It seems that "Qingling" is also the impression of Osan because of the feeling that Osan gives people, and it is still the same.
"Qingling Terrace" cliff stone carved under the thunderbolt rock in the stone forest scenic spot. These three words have existed for a long time. When gazing at it, it makes people feel a chill, perhaps as Jietun's "Dongbi Pavilion Record" said: "Those who say 'Qingling' are also the soberness of their qi." The so-called "Su" is the "breath of slaughter", which gives people a sense of space that is cool and cold.
Qingling Terrace is one of the 36 wonders of Wushi Mountain, its story began at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and was built by Yan Chi Buhua.
Yan Chi Buhua, No. Xueting, Zishi, Sanshu Taishi. "History of the Yuan" records: to the twenty-second year of Zheng (1362) "May Yi Sishuo, Quanzhou Saifu Ding according to Fuzhou Road, Fujian Province Pingzhang political affairs Yan only did not spend to defeat it, and the rest of the navigation also according to Quanzhou." The "Yan only does not spend", that is, "Yan Chi Buhua", he was appointed to the post of Fujian Provincial Pingzhang in April of the 22nd year of Zhizheng. According to relevant information, Saifuding closed the gate of Fuzhou and refused to allow Yan Chibuhua to enter. Later Yan Chibuhua gathered Chen Youding (a "Youding") and other Fujian troops to surround Fuzhou. Three months later, Safudin was defeated. But in fact, Yan Chi Buhua did not have much real power at that time, because Chen Youding was appointed as the governor of Fujian Province, "all the accumulation of county warehouses, knowing the people's homes, and shocking Fujian." Ping Zhangyan just didn't spend a vacant position. (Chen Zuntong's "Fujian Chronicles, Part II, Song and Yuan") about his military achievements and official experience few people pay attention to, but the Qingling Terrace he built that year opened a story in Fuzhou, making it a famous scenic spot on Wushan.
Guo Baicang's "Wushi Mountain Chronicles" quoted Cao Xuegao's "Famous Places of Interest": "In the early Ming Dynasty, the monk Deqia built a nunnery in Qinglingtai. The name of this nunnery is "Hancuixuan", and Deqia is the master of Xuanfeng. The other party on Wushan "Wu Mai and other inscriptions" also recorded related, the stone inscription contains: "Hongwu Jiazi (1384) autumn September 9, Fujian Duwei commander, Zhaoyong general Wuchang Wu Mai, together with Zhaoyong general, Fujian Duwei commander Xiaoxiang Zhao Xiang traveled to Nanshan Wushi, sitting on Qingling Tai ......" and can be seen in the "Wushi Mountain Chronicles" "Qingling Tai" article contained in the relevant poems, namely Ming Chen Hui's "Autumn with the Gentlemen to Qingling Tai", Lin Hong's "Dream Qingling Tai", "Dengqing Lingtai", "Dengqing Lingtai Playing Moon", Wang Gong's "Dengqing Lingtai", Zheng Yan's "Dengqing Lingtai", Zhou Yuan's "Qingling Terrace Sends Zhao Wei", Xu Ding's "Qingling Terrace", Xu Jiaheng's "Qingling Terrace" and other poems. Here are a few of them, and try to say as follows:
Many literati climbed the Qing Lingtai to dismiss their arms, such as Wang Gong, one of the "Ten Talents in Fujian", once came here, and inscribed the poem "Dengqing Lingtai", described: "I live in the human realm, and I have not been in the dust for a long time. Exploration is not far away, so it is a good encounter. The stone monsters are lined up with each other, and the platform is high and void. Lin Duan Su Yun goes, and the bamboo outside the micropath passes. The ravines are deep and hazy, and the ceiling is covered with rain. Negotiate the master Zen door show, quit the same ancient pine. The saying is superb, and the painstaking return to the Miao Sect. To be ashamed of the shallow roots, the mystery can not be followed. For the time being, Panasonic stone, talk about the floating world. (Guo Baicang's "Wushi Mountain Chronicles") is written in the poem is what Wang Gong saw and felt on stage, so a "Qingling Terrace Color" jumped on the paper: the surrounding strange rocks are lined up, and the Qingling Terrace stands in the middle. The floating clouds in the forest are scattered, and the paths are covered by bamboos. The road near Taiwan is misty and misty, and there are flowers and rain from time to time. and Ming Linhong's "Dengqing Lingtai", the poem also describes the feeling of climbing in detail: "Yin Qiu Su Yue, Ji Xiao Dengqing Ling." Waving to help Biluo, take off to perch on the green screen. The long wind and rain come, and the mountains are not green. The birds are wet and white, and the dragons are fishy. The true monk is this rock dwelling, and the view of the empty is pure. The bamboo dock saw the exposed clothes, and the flower platform heard the scriptures. Wo said with nectar, lost and woke up. May words cut love, and forever cast into Zen. In the second half of the poem, both men refer to the remarks of "learning Zen", and these verses imply the story of their relationship with the Buddha.
Since opening up this scenic spot, visitors come and go endlessly, such as Min County people, Ming Yongle ten years (1412) Jinshi Zheng Yan, there is also "Dengqing Lingtai" poem cloud: "The high platform is at the top, my generation has passed at this time." The scenery is empty and the mountains are full, and there are many trees in the late autumn. The clouds are gathered in the stream, and the wild birds sing to people. Returning to the city at dusk, the dust atmosphere is helpless. "The Qingyi environment is conducive to literary thinking, and many scenes can also be included in the poem, and the Qinglingtai communication story has also become a humanistic landscape with the development of time, so that the poet can better "draw materials".
Old photos of Fuzhou City (picture from the Internet)
In ancient times, looking at the scenery on Qingling Terrace should be a good angle to obtain a broader field of vision. By the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, it had become famous in Banyan City and became one of the best places to enjoy the scenery of Fuzhou City. Therefore, when Xu Zhi built the stone forest industry, this landscape was planned in his famous garden, and it is reasonable to think about it. Xu You's "Self-Records of the Stone Forest" Zhongyun: "The pavilion ear is a clear platform, the cliff is steep, and the horizontal stone is a beam. The banyan hair hangs down, and the eyebrows are messy, which makes people cold. The past tour of the ink on the side of the stage, there is still an ancient soul here, brushing the moss to read, often, calling for wine and pouring it...... "Xu clan people are happy to be able to enjoy the Qingling Tai realm, and also send their emotions to poetry, line in the text. For example, Xu Dingzeng's poem "Qingling Terrace": "The stone platform is endless, and the back of the platform is lined with green screens. So far, it is lonely, and the heart is clear. The poem points out that the mountain rock behind Qingling Terrace is verdant, and the beautiful scenery of the ancient city can be seen in front of the stage. The last two sentences of the poem show that the Qingling Terrace makes people's hearts clear, so those who are near the place will have a sense of "silence". Xu Jun also has the poem "Qingling Terrace": "Overlooking the empty cui, leisurely and far-reaching." Stone screen floating bamboo leaves, listen to me without strings. At that time, his mood and feelings were slightly the same as those of the literati and scholars. Things are always changing, and all the ups and downs seem to be in line with "common sense", and Qingling Terrace and "Xu's Garden" have not been able to avoid such "fate" - gradually declining and ceasing to exist. Guo Baicang recorded the information of Qinglingtai in "Wushi Mountain Chronicles", and when he wrote the word "long waste", he may also express such feelings.
Compared with the paper calligraphy works, the words on the cliff stone carvings have less brushwork and chapter law to speak of, and most of them are just attached words with the stone shape. However, the connotation of "stone book" is not inferior to the former, and it has its unique meaning. Although Qingling Terrace was destroyed early, the poems left in the poems constitute a fragment of history here, and this "book of poetic intentions" has also given this cliff stone carving cultural connotation.
In Wushan, there was once a cliff stone carving that also recorded the traces of Yan Chi Buhua: "Zhizheng Jiachen Spring February Yiweishuo, Yinqing Ronglu Doctor, Pingzhang Political Affairs Xue Ting Gong Tour Dao Mountain, Zhongzi Yue Mountain, Ji Zi Wanze Tie Muer Servant." The public name is Yan Chi Buhua, the word Zishi, the scattered art Taishi, Ju Luanyang, Tiantai Zheng Shouren is inscribed, and the stone is carved in the mountain when he lives in the mountain. He also built the East Wall Pavilion back then, and it will be described later.