In the fast-paced present, slowing down and reading a book carefully has gradually become a rare state of life. More people want to be able to acquire knowledge quickly, and the content they read is like fast food, and they can easily get started after reading, but this kind of reading always lacks a heartfelt feeling. In "Reading Lesson", the famous writer Xiao Fuxing mentioned that "a person's growth history is the history of reading". Reading in a child's childhood and adolescence is a crucial part of their growing up. In particular, reading books on literature is precisely the best way to train and cultivate children's emotional intelligence. Reading as a competency requires serious and systematic training. Today, I will present to you the second phase of the famous reading and writing class, "What is close reading".
One of the perusal methods
- What is perusal
The second lesson of "Reading Lessons" from "Xiao Fuxing's Reading and Writing Lessons for Teenagers" has always been thick and thin, fast and slow. Quick browsing, rough and rough inspection, is suitable for the selection of books, especially when consulting materials. Because in the face of many books that are dazzling and difficult to choose, we don't know which book we really need, it is necessary to quickly flip through it, from content to narrative to language, to see if it is right for our taste, and to eliminate those specious or contradictory books. In the process of searching for him thousands of times, of course, it is impossible to read the book so carefully, or even read it to the end, and there is no need to waste time on things that are not needed. At this time, reading fast is also a kind of reading ability, just like being able to quickly find the red or green you need in the mountains and fields.
But once you've found a book you need or like, you should slow down and don't read it carelessly or carelessly, but read it carefully word by word. This is more of a kind of ability to read. It is necessary to strengthen the training of close reading of texts. Nowadays, our desire to peruse training is not enough, and the methods of training are far from enough, and it is not effective enough.
Reading carefully is one of the basic skills of reading. I have always believed that there are many ways to read a book, which varies from person to person, but perusal is something that everyone should strive to do. I have never been in favor of the so-called "reading more than 10,000 books", which is just a tempting slogan for the general reader, especially for children, and it is difficult and unnecessary to complete. It's better to peruse a few books.
Illustration of "Reading Lesson", illustrated by Xiao Fuxing
Careful reading is a must, the key point, and the foundation of reading. Careful reading not only refers to meticulous and many times of reading, but also discovers in the process of reading, discovering the subtle induction between the Chinese characters in the book, the potential secrets behind the words, and the charm of the spirit and thoughts conveyed by the article. At the same time, after careful reading, we will inevitably be touched, moved by the content of the book, and even more moved by the subtleties of the Chinese characters in the book. Zhang Dai has a sentence in "Dream Memories of Tao'an": "The ink is silent, and the ink sinks into smoke." "The smoke that rises after it sinks down is what matters, and it rises in my heart. Without such a curling rise, what is read will have no value and meaning, and the harvest will be small, or even just a passing cloud and scattered.
Reading should be detailed, this "fine" is easy to say, but difficult to do. What does it mean to be fine? Is it called thin hair like this, or is it called fine if it is not visible like the wind? Is it called fine if you read it a few times? In this way, it is still impossible to explain the basic things that should be fine in reading. Let's give an example.
The late veteran writer Mr. Wang Zengqi's short story "The Connoisseur" may be able to give us some inspiration from the aspect of reading.
The novel tells the story of a fruit seller named Ye San in the countryside who interacts with a great painter named Ji Taomin in the city. The seasonal fruits of the four seasons in the great painter's house are all given by Ye San, so he and the painter are very familiar with each other. Once Ye San gave fruit to the painter and saw that the painter was painting a picture of wisteria, full of purple flowers. The painter said to Ye San, I just finished painting wisteria, how about you come and see. Ye San looked at this Chinese painting and said: Good painting. The painter asked: What is a good way?
The illustration of "Reading Lesson", drawn by Xiao Fuxing, is to illustrate what it means to be fine. The words we especially like to say are: wisteria blooms so beautifully, blooms really beautifully, blooms really lifelike, blooms really colorful, blooms so brilliantly, but this is not good, let alone fine, this is called an adjective, or called a cliché. When we first read it, it is easy to pay attention to the accumulation of these beautiful words, thinking that the more words we use, the more vivid the description can be. Exactly wrong. We might as well be this Ye San. Ye San only said such a sentence, and the painter immediately nodded yes, Ye San said: There is wind in this wisteria you painted. The painter was stunned for a moment, and said, "How can you see that there is wind in my wisteria?" Ye San said to the painter: The wisteria flowers you painted are messy.
This is called fine. Wisteria trees and flowers are messy, and the wind is passing through the flowers, and the flowers will be messy. When reading a book, you should pay special attention to such subtleties, which are the accumulation of the author's daily life. It is only when the author pays attention to observing and capturing such subtleties in ordinary days that it is possible to write in such detail. Fineness is not something that can be written by inspiration or talent alone, but a natural transformation of daily life in writing. For us readers, reading the text carefully will help us to observe carefully in life, and in the same way, observing carefully in life will help us to read carefully in reading, and at the same time, it will also help us to write carefully.
Illustration of "Reading Lesson", illustrated by Xiao Fuxing, let's continue to read Mr. Wang Zengqi's novel. On another occasion, the painter painted a picture, which was a traditional subject, a mouse on a lampstand. After the painting was finished, he caught up with Ye San and sent fruit again, and the painter said how about you look at my mouse on the lampstand. After Ye San finished reading it, he said that the mouse you drew was a small mouse. The painter said it's strange, why do you distinguish it, and tell me why. Ye San said: Look at your rat on the lampstand, its tail around the lampstand several times, indicating that it is naughty, where does the old mouse have this energy, it is good to be able to climb to the lampstand, there is no energy to go around the lampstand again.
What is fine? This is called fine. You see the mouse, I see the mouse, you see the menorah, I see the menorah, but people see the tail of the mouse circling around the menorah several times, and I don't see it, so there is a difference between thickness and thickness.
On another occasion, the painter painted a whole splash of ink lotus, which is the painter's best at. He drew a few more lotus canopies next to the lotus. Ye San sent fruit again, and the painter asked him how he was doing. The painter is also like a child, waiting for praise, because Ye San is his bosom friend, but this time Ye San did not praise, he said to the painter: You, this time the painting is wrong. The painter said that I have painted ink lotus all my life, and I have painted it like this, and no one has said that I am wrong. Ye San said that there is a proverb in our rural areas: red lotus seeds and white lotus roots, and the one you painted is a white lotus, a white lotus, and there are lotus seeds. The painter admired it in his heart, and he thought that Ye San had worked with crops in the fields all year round, and that his knowledge of agricultural life was more real than his own! The painter immediately smeared a stroke of carmine on the painting, and the white lotus flower turned into a red lotus.
The illustrations of "Reading Lesson", Xiao Fuxing's detailed drawings, also lie in the accumulation of life. Without the accumulation of life knowledge, it is impossible to write an article only with beautiful words. Ye San told the painter that he lacked knowledge of life, and even if he painted in detail, it could be wrong and the opposite. Knowledge is the confidence and support when writing articles. "a thousand songs and then know the sound, watch a thousand swords and then recognize the device", this is the truth. Behind the thinness of the surface of the text is the accumulation of knowledge. This kind of knowledge depends on the study of books and the practice of life.
Ye San's story makes us understand what is fine and where does it come from. Reading is not only the interpretation of words, but also the interpretation of the meaning and meaning behind words. This meaning and meaning is presented in words, but it comes from life. Ye San's careful observation and reflection on life allowed him to see the details in the painter's paintings at a glance. If we can exercise our keen and meticulous vision in life, then we will definitely be able to appreciate the subtleties of the writer's words in reading, and we can also find out where the writer's subtle pen comes from. In the same way, when we experience such subtle subtleties in reading, we will also capture subtle and interesting gains in life.
Reading carefully exercises our eyes so that we can see the subtleties behind the words, and also exercises our hearts so that our hearts can be delicate and gentle in our daily life.
☆ Wang Zengqi "Connoisseur"
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Past Issues:
"Xiao Fuxing's Reading and Writing Lessons for Teenagers" |
Skillfully read hundreds of palace-level literary classics
Explain the writing skills of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign masters
Hand-drawn color illustrations by the author Xiao Fuxing
Comes with a handwritten letter from Xiao Fuxing to teenagers
and a full set of mind maps for reading and writing
"Xiao Fuxing's Reading and Writing Lessons for Teenagers" includes four books: "Reading Lessons" and "Writing Lessons".
"Reading Lesson" is Xiao Fuxing's reading book tailored for teenagers, divided into two volumes. Xiao Fuxing combines his own reading experience and experience over the years, and takes ancient and modern Chinese and foreign famous literary classics as examples to comprehensively analyze the methods of reading and explain the essence of reading in detail, aiming to help young people cultivate their interest in reading, rebuild their reading habits, and find effective reading methods. Why do you need to read?What do you read a book about?What are the skills for close reading?How to write reading notes?Questions about all aspects of reading can be answered here.
"Writing Lesson" is a writing "treasure book" tailored for teenagers by writer Xiao Fuxing, which is divided into two volumes. In Xiao Fuxing's view, "Writing can be learned and taught. Xiao Fuxing combines his own creative experience and his experience in learning famous Chinese and foreign writers to teach young people how to write, which is of great guiding and practical significance. The whole book starts from "speaking", "seeing", "reading", "copying" and "changing", and is consistent, and finally ends with "sentences", "writing", "vivid" and "concrete", which is clearly organized, revealing the mystery of writing step by step, and teaching young people to write good articles.
WeChat matrix of Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House
Graphic Editor: Xiaole
Editor-in-charge: Xia Ping, review, Yang Jibo