On a rainy spring day, I revisited Mochou Lake.
In the 80s, when I was studying in Nanjing, students from other places came to Nanjing, and they always had to do their best to take them around the city, except for the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and Xuanwu Lake, which was Mochou Lake. Mochou Lake used to be "the first scenic spot in Jinling" and "the first of the forty-eight scenic spots in Jinling". Later, Nanjing developed and built a lot of new landscapes, and Mochou Lake became an outdated star.
Now Mochou Lake, surrounded by high-rise buildings, seems cramped and narrow, but in the smoke and rain, the Mochou Lake, weeping willows, the charm is still there. Zheng Banqiao said, "The lake willows are like smoke, the lake clouds are like dreams, and the lake waves are stronger than wine." ("Nian Nujiao Mochou Lake") is true.
However, what impressed me the most was the couplet culture of the park, almost all the pavilions, platforms, buildings, pavilions, pavilions, halls, pavilions, corridors, columns, and doors all have couplets, inscribed by famous artists, and the ocean is grandiose; from the perspective of an educator, the richness of the content of the Mochou Lake couplet, the ingenuity of the conception, the exquisite writing, and the exquisiteness of the production, are extremely rare in the parks all over the country, and are an excellent place for poetry and education and art education.
There are some couplets that are very impressive:
The south gate of the park has two pairs of couplets inside and outside, one facing outward:
"Pinghu is like a mirror, and the overall situation is like chess", taken from Zuo Tingyu's inscription Mochou Lake Shengqi Loulian ("The overall situation is like chess, black and white are confused, and it is difficult to start with a blur when reunited from the hands of the country; Pinghu is like a mirror, and the liver is seen, and the beautiful woman is alone, and she is very decent and always ecstasy). In order to meet the requirements of the couplet (the upper couplet is the end of the sound word, and the lower couplet is the end of the flat sound word), the position of the two sentences before and after the excerpt is interchanged, the upper couplet writes the scene of Mochou, and the lower couplet writes the historical story (Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang played chess with the general Xu Da, and after losing the chess, Mochou Lake and Shengqilou were given to Xu Da), first real and then virtual, and the combination of virtual and real is more natural, refined and appropriate than the original couplet. The couplet is written by the famous calligrapher Mr. Yan Gongda, which is ancient and beautiful, and it is natural.
An inward-facing pair:
"A game of chess in the rivers and mountains through the ages, smoke and swifts fly in the middle of the lake", taken from the couplets of the modern poet Sun Wenchuan ("Gambling villas pay rumors, sigh in the history of the piles, a game of chess in the rivers and mountains through the ages; fight for the dun and laugh eventful, look at the painting beam, and the smoke and swifts in the half lake fly together").
The upper link writes about the game between the monarchs and ministers of the Ming Dynasty, and the meaning is obvious; the lower link uses the dictionary (the poem of the Tang Dynasty poet Shen Yan period "Ancient Meaning Presents and Supplements Que Qiao Zhizhi" has the sentence "Yu Jintang, the young woman of the Lu family, and the petrel amphibious tortoiseshell beam"), which conceals the old story of Mochou Nu, and the combination of Jing (smoke and rain in the middle of the lake) (Mochou Nu's old story), and the content of the two couplets is highly in line with the characteristics of Mochou Lake. The calligraphy of the famous calligrapher Xie Shaocheng is also full of charm.
There are also two pairs of couplets inside and outside the north gate, one facing outward:
"The mountains and lakes are all at a glance, and the heroes and sons and daughters are beautiful. It was written by Fucha Kuiyu, a general of Jiangning (Nanjing) in the Qing Dynasty. Shanglian writes the characteristics of the lake scenery, and you can have a glimpse of the lake and mountains in Mochou Lake. It should be noted that the ancient Mochou Lake, partial to the west of the city, there are no high-rise buildings around, and the field of vision is broad, especially in the Shengqi Tower, you can see Qingliang Mountain, Stone City, and even Purple Mountain, Niushou Mountain, Yangtze River, Qinhuai River. The next link writes about the old things of Mochou Lake, heroes (Xu Da) and children (Mochou) are the two protagonists of Mochou Lake, two business cards, and the deeds are well-known and have been passed down to this day, so it is said that "it is not glamorous". This couplet is extremely neat and worth learning and figuring. This couplet is still written by Mr. Yan Gongda.
Inward Couplet:
"It's good to come together, don't worry about it. This couplet was written by the famous calligrapher and painter Mr. Tahara (stage name Iiniu). The battle is not neat enough ("together" is difficult to "come here"), but as a "flowing pair", the meaning is excellent. "Mochou" is a pun (which can actually refer to "Mochou Lake" and "don't be sorrowful, no sorrow");
Mochou College Association:
"If you want to save the spring, the willow on both sides of the river is green, and you can cool off the summer with lotus leaves and green fields in a lake. "Zuo Fengsheng wrote, calligrapher Su Jinhai teacher seal calligraphy, Gongbi flower and bird painting master Mr. Yu Jigao inscription.
The couplet writes the spring light (upper link) summer scene (lower link), the wicker is curling, the lotus leaf field, very fresh, can indeed "save the spring" and "cool summer", and accurately describes the environmental characteristics of the academy in the southeast corner of Mochou Lake, surrounded by green trees, covered by lotus leaves, and suitable for reading.
Shengqi Building is the most important building in Mochou Lake, with two couplets, one upstairs:
"Water is like jasper, mountains are like daisies, clouds want clothes, flowers want to look", calligraphy master Guan Jun's regular script.
The two sentences are from a collection of sentences. Shanglian is taken from Xue Hui's "Jiangnan Song" in the Ming Dynasty: "The scenery of Jiangnan is a scoundrel, and the water is like jasper and the mountain is like Dai." There is a lot of grass in the old garden of King Wu, and the mandarin ducks fly outside the sunset. "The original description of the scenery of the south of the Yangtze River does not specifically refer to Mochou Lake, and it is not inappropriate to borrow it here to write about the scenery of Mochou Lake. As mentioned earlier, there were no high-rise buildings around Mochou Lake in ancient times, Shengqi Building is the main building and the highest building, with an excellent view, "water is like jasper mountain like Dai", and the painting scene is real.
The following couplet is taken from Li Bai's "Qingping Tune" in the Tang Dynasty, "The clouds want to dress and the flowers want to look, and the spring breeze blows Revlon, if it is not for the jade mountains, it will meet under the moon in Yaotai." "It was originally written about Yang Guifei's flower and moon appearance, which was used to describe the beauty of the young woman Mo Chou, which is also very appropriate. The upper link is bright, and the lower link is dark (the surface is "cloud" and "flower", and the actual writing is personnel), which is very clever.
Downstairs one:
"Fan Dai Jiangshan is also a hero and a child, and the smoke and rain on the building are half watery and half skylight. "The famous left-pen calligrapher Fei Xin's handwriting. The upper link praises the beauties Xu Da and Mochou, and the lower link describes the scenery characteristics of Mochou Lake, which is the most accurate and detailed. The reason why Mochou Lake can become the first scenic spot in Jinling in ancient times is that its scenery is beautiful, and "Mochou smoke and rain" is the biggest feature; second, the culture is profound, and the deeds of Mochou women, monarchs and ministers, and Guangdong heroes have been handed down to this day. This couplet is best attributed to Mochou Lake Park.
There is the famous Zou Lu Tablet Pavilion by the lake. In the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), Zou Lu (1885-1954, a native of Guangdong, a politician, educator and a famous scholar, the first president of Sun Yat-sen University) was invited to write an article entitled "Rebuilding the Tombs of the Fallen Soldiers of the Guangdong Army", and carved a stone next to the tombs of the fallen soldiers of the Guangdong Army. In 2005, the new octagonal heavy eaves tablet pavilion was built, called the Zou Tablet Pavilion.
Lian said: "The earth has been passed down through the ages with powder, and the heroes of heaven have gathered for a while." The upper link writes about the old things of Mochou Lake, and the lower link commemorates the heroic story of the Northern Expedition to the Guangdong army. The couplet "big seal" font is classical and elegant, unfortunately it is a little difficult to identify, but it is an appreciation activity for calligraphy lovers.
Baoyue Tower is also one of the main attractions of Mochou Lake. The south of the building is a big stage, what attracts people's attention is the arc-shaped "moon holding corridor", the door of the corridor "holding the moon and singing the wind", it is written by Guo Moruo, and the door head "pleasantness" and "poetry" are written by Mr. Qigong, the master of calligraphy.
There is a pillar couplet who said: "A lake is more light than Xizi, and Qianqiu Yuefu sings the Southern Dynasty." The couplet was written by Li Yaodong, the prefect of Jiangning in the Qing Dynasty. In the 58th year of Qianlong (1793), Li Yaodong (1753-1821) paid out of his own pocket to repair Mochou Lake, rebuild the Yujin Hall, and rebuild the Pavilion in the center of the lake. Its couplet strongly praises the scenery of Mochou Lake (Meibi West Lake) and the old things (singing the story of Mochou through the ages), which is very neatly ironed.
Another couplet: "There is little fun here, but it is enough to talk about the romance." "The upper link is taken from the Southern Song Dynasty Zengji's "Wang Yan Qi Le Zhai" "Once you are not in your eyes, you will feel less interesting", and the lower link is from Wang Xizhi's "Lanting Collection Preface" of the Jin Dynasty, "one glance and one poem, it is enough to tell the romance", although the battle is not very neat ("with this" is also enough", in detail, the part of speech and sentence structure are different; in a wide word, "with this" and "also enough" are imaginary phrases, barely right), the meaning of the language, and it is written by the master of Qigong, which is really considerable.
钦缘轩（赏荷榭）有对联一副：
"Breaking the capture of the barbarian is the first in ancient and modern people, and the generals are both talented and unparalleled in the civil and military world. It is the earliest lake union (there is also hanging in the Shengqi building), which was given by Zhu Yuanzhang, the master of Mochou Lake, by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, which highly summarizes Xu Da's great achievements and outstanding talents, and can be called the "first link" of Mochou Lake.
Visit to Shengqi Building and Yujin Hall, and Huayan Nunnery is a scenic spot that cannot be bypassed. Its coupling says:
"Look at the wonderful truth of the lake lotus ginseng, and turn the bay leaf to understand the true scriptures. "It cleverly connects the lake scenery (lotus flowers, lotus leaves) with the Huayan (Buddhism). The lotus flower is called the holy flower in Buddhism, and when you walk into the Buddha gate, the lotus flowers are everywhere: the Buddha Shakyamuni sits on the lotus platform; Amitabha Buddha not only sits on the lotus platform, but also holds a lotus platform in his palm; Guanyin Bodhisattva sits on the white lotus, holding a pure bottle in one hand and holding the white lotus in the other; the Buddhist scriptures call the Buddha country "lotus world", and the temple is "lotus brake...... , lotus flowers are everywhere in Buddhism, and there are no flowers in Buddhism.
Why does Buddhism like lotus flowers so much? According to the Buddhist scripture "The Book of Hundred Fates": Once upon a time, there was a king in the upper reaches of the Ganges River named Polonai, who was called "the Lotus King" by the people because he was particularly fond of lotus flowers. This year, a disaster struck from the sky, and a strange disease was born, and the doctors were too busy to do so, but it still didn't work. The king sent a royal physician to help, but nothing improved. The king asked the royal physician and learned that the only way to cure the disease was to eat the red fish in the river. But there are no red fish in the river in front of me. When the king heard this, he was helpless, and when the prince heard the news, he threw himself into the river and became a red fish, which was eaten by others. Unexpectedly, the red fish "came back to life after cutting", and it could not be cut inexhaustibly, and it has been cut for 12 years, and the people have all been reborn. According to Buddhist scriptures, this prince is Shakyamuni, he painstakingly practiced to establish Buddhism, because the Buddha is the son of the lotus king, so the Buddha especially cherishes Lianhua.
"Referring to the Truth" is a Buddhist term for comprehending the truth.
"Bay-leaf" is the leaf of the plant, which is made by a special process, and the engraved scriptures are threaded into a book with a rope, which can be preserved for a hundred years, so there is a saying of "Bay-leaf Sutra". (See Tang Dynasty Duan Chengshi's "Youyang Miscellaneous")
This couplet is instantly associated with the scene, cleverly linked, and used for Huayan Nunnery, which is very good.
Tulip Hall, the legend is the place where Mochou lives, and it is also the main attraction of Mochou Lake.
"The old ruins of Yuefu's new sound tulip, the smoke and rain of the six dynasties and the warbler flowers in March", the upper link says things, the lower link writes the scene, and the scenes are blended, which fits the characteristics of Mochou Lake and Yujin Hall. Mr. Huang Dan, a professor of calligraphy at Nanyi, is like a flowing pen.
There are also a lot of poems and couplets engraved in the lotus hall of Mochou Water Courtyard, Lin Sanzhi, Xiao Xian, Sha Manweng, Lu Xun, Wu Zhongqi, Qian Songzhe, Fei Xinme and other literary masters and art masters have left ink treasures, only remember two couplets:
One is "adjacent to the water, friendship for ten thousand years." (Left pen calligrapher Fei Xin's book)
The first couplet is Mr. Liu Haisu's book couplet: "Thousands of poems by Mochou Lake, thousands of pines on the Purple Mountain." It's a pity that it doesn't fit flat (the upper and lower couplets are all flat words), it seems that it can be changed to: "Thousands of poems by the lake, thousands of pines on the Purple Mountain." ”
The Chess Museum, not far from the edge of the Shengqi Building, is a Go master Mr. Chen Zude. Lian said:
"The clogs are coming back, the wind and the moon are still the same, the fisherman learns to play lace oars, the same game in ancient and modern times, the lakes and mountains are rebuilt, and the national player can live and rob the chess. The joint language was written by Liu Mingchuan, a general of the Huai Army in the late Qing Dynasty. The upper link writes the scene, just like a beautiful picture, with a rich breath of life, and the lower line is lyrical, writing about the rebuilding of lakes and mountains, and the national player can live and play chess, and he is confident that as the master of the country, he can transform the temperament of the country. The transition between the upper and lower links is natural and extraordinary.
There is a link in the Qingyu Gate:
"The oarsman is coming to the red lotus blossom and the white apple (through the "apple") wind rises, and the gamblers go to see the tiger in Shicheng and the dragon pan in Zhongfu. "Mr. Li Xiao, a famous calligrapher.
There are many pavilions in Mochou Lake, all of which have couplets, such as folding willow pavilions:
"The gull shadow sand side road, the sound of the flute willow outside the building. Taken from the Qing Dynasty Wuhu poet Zhu Hui's "Mochou Lake Poem": "A water is full of blue, well-known from Mochou." Spring wave mirror, crescent moon curtain hook. Gull shadow sand side road, Xiao sound willow outside the building. Where the beauty is, the grass is full of Fangzhou. "The calligraphy of the famous calligrapher Wu Yong.
Waiting for the Ferry Pavilion: "The six dynasties are far away, and the peaks are cold for a few days." "The book of the famous poet Yu Lu is quite tasteful.
Others such as "the sparkling sea and the moon, the starscape into the city tower." (Egret Pavilion), "the tea seat has two armpits in the stroke, and the heart pavilion thinks more and more through the ages." (Appreciation Pavilion) (Li Xiaoxingshu, ancient and clumsy), "along the Tingfang grass smoke is wet, and the weeping poplars on the shore are about to flow." (Fenglai Pavilion) (Xing Manli Xingshu), "The three mountains are half outside the green mountains, and the two waters are divided into Egret Island. (Ershui Pavilion) (taken from Li Bai's poem "Ascending Jinling Phoenix Terrace"), "The lake is full of water and moon in the air, and the frost bell is enlightened in the middle of the night." (Wuxian Pavilion)......
There are too many couplets in Mochou Lake, and I can't remember the other couplets of Yujintang and Su Hexiang. But these, it is enough to prove the development of Mochou Lake Yinglian culture and the profound cultural heritage, as for the writing of Mochou Lake poems and essays, Mochou Lake's past and present life is a big book, is an excellent field for parents and teachers to educate students in literature and art.
I heard that Mochou Lake is a national couplet cultural demonstration park, so it is more necessary to play and amplify the exemplary role of its poetry and education in art education, sort out and print the couplets of Mochou Lake, and replace a small number of rough-made couplets, so as to encourage contemporary couplets to keep pace with the times and create more new couplets that describe the current situation of Mochou Lake and look forward to the future of Mochou Lake.
2023.4
Namdaemun United 1
South Gate United 2
North Gate United
Zou Lu Tablet Pavilion Lian
Win the chess building
Ershui Pavilion Lian
Fenglai Pavilion Lian
To be crossed
Hug Moon Tower
Moon-hugging promenade link