Have you ever heard these words:
Consumption of iodized salt can prevent nuclear radiation, water boiled in electric kettles from damaging nerves and causing cancer
Sleeping on a bare bed can treat lumbar spondylosis, and the ID card will be demagnetized by the mobile phone
Recently
The 2023 Top 10 Scientific Rumors Refutation List has been announced
That's all on the list!!
It's all fake, fake
So don't be fooled anymore
Hurry down and see what else is there!
1. Genetic testing can "spoil" a child's talent
Myth: Collecting samples of children's oral mucosal cells can use genetic technology to analyze IQ, EQ and other indicators to judge whether the child can become a talent in the future.
Truth: There are many types of talents, but there are currently no experimental or literature studies to prove which specific genes are associated with talents.
In science itself, the concept of genetically determining traits is a basic concept, but the relationship between genes and genes is very complex. Scientists now don't know what most genes do. There is no basis for the accuracy rate of the correlation between loci and talent that the testing agency said, which can reach 99.7%.
2. Chinese scientists have determined the age of the moon to be 2.03 billion years
Myth: Chinese scientists have analyzed and studied lunar samples brought back by Chang'e-5 and have accurately determined the age of the moon to be 2.03 billion years.
Truth: The scientific community generally believes that the actual age of the Moon is more than 4 billion years old and close to 4.5 billion years old. The claim that the Moon is 2.03 billion years old is a misreading of recent lunar soil research results.
First of all, the age of the lunar soil and the age of the moon are not the same thing, and this study accurately measured the lunar basalt in the lunar soil. Lunar basalt is a rock formed by the partial melting of the lunar mantle formed by the cooling and crystallization of magma from a volcanic eruption to the surface of the moon, and does not represent the true age of the moon. Chinese researchers have accurately measured the age of the lunar soil sample to be "2.03 billion years", which represents the youngest lunar volcanic activity ever discovered, but it is not the age of the moon since its birth.
3. Astronauts cannot be short-sighted because they cannot wear glasses in space
Myth: Astronauts can't be nearsighted and can't wear glasses, because wearing glasses in space can cause accidental injuries.
Truth: The selection criteria for astronauts are really high. However, low-grade myopia is currently allowed in space. In the ascent stage of the mission, there are complex conditions such as rocket vibration and overload, and if the astronaut wears glasses, it may cause collisions and other problems, so the astronaut will not wear glasses (contact lenses can be worn) at this stage. The environment of the space station is relatively stable, and you can wear glasses normally.
4. The water boiled by the electric kettle can damage nerves and cause cancer
Myth: The inner liner of the electric kettle is made of stainless steel, which contains manganese, which will be precipitated in the process of boiling water. Long-term ingestion can lead to excessive manganese in the body, which can damage nerves and even cause cancer!
Truth: Although the materials used in the electric kettle contain manganese, it is a dense organization, and it is difficult to analyze the daily boiling water - even if it is continuously boiled for more than 1000 hours, the manganese that can be precipitated is very limited, and the impact on the human body is basically negligible. As long as you buy a regular product, it is safe and there is no risk of poisoning or cancer.
5. The influencer's "Sudden Death Prevention Package" can prevent sudden death
Myth: The "anti-sudden death package" composed of coenzyme Q10, fish oil, lutein, vitamin D3 and other health products can prevent sudden death by taking it every day.
Truth: There is no standard "sudden death prevention package" combination in medicine. Coenzyme Q10 and fish oil are all health products, and there is no medical guideline or consensus to show that taking such health products can effectively prevent sudden death.
Currently, cardiac diseases account for more than 80% of all sudden deaths. Health care products are not medicines, patients with clear heart diseases must go through scientific evaluation and examination before taking them, consult a doctor, do not blindly take them by themselves, especially can not stop or reduce the treatment of drugs.
6. Sleeping on a bare bed can treat lumbar spondylosis
Myth: Sleeping on a hard bed can treat lumbar spondylosis, and people who suffer from lumbar spine pain are best to choose a bare bed to sleep.
Truth: The normal physiological structure of the human spine has four physiological curvatures, namely cervical flexion, thoracic curvature, lumbar curvature, and sacral curvature. If the mattress is too soft, it will not provide proper spinal support, while if the mattress is too hard, it will rely too much on shoulder and hip support, which will also cause spinal twisting, and if the mattress is too soft, it will adapt better to the curves of the human body with minimal spinal twist.
7. The ID card will be demagnetized by the mobile phone
Myth: There is a magnetic stripe in the ID card, and it will be demagnetized by the mobile phone when it is placed together with the mobile phone.
Truth: At present, the widely used second-generation ID card uses radio frequency identification technology, and there is no magnetic stripe inside at all, so there is no situation of being "demagnetized" by mobile phones.
When we "swipe the ID card", the card swiping device will send a radio frequency signal, at this time, the coil in the ID card obtains energy through electromagnetic induction, provides a short power supply for itself, completes an information exchange, and the reader reads the information and decodes it and sends it to the data processing system, which completes an ID card verification.
8. Consumption of iodized salt protects against nuclear radiation
Myth: By consuming iodized salt, the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland can be prevented, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the thyroid gland.
Truth: The idea of protecting against nuclear radiation by consuming iodized salt is not advisable. The purpose of salt iodization on the mainland is to prevent and treat iodine deficiency diseases. In the nuclear pollution accident, when the human body ingests radioactive iodine, it mainly accumulates in the thyroid gland, and the initial protection of the thyroid gland requires a one-time intake of "stable iodine" 100mg, which is equivalent to a one-time intake of 3kg-5kg of iodized salt. The "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" clearly states that "adults should not consume more than 5g of salt per day", if excessive intake, it will cause a serious burden on various organs of the human body, which will induce or aggravate cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease, and in severe cases, it may cause dehydration and even death. Therefore, it is not advisable to protect against nuclear radiation by consuming iodized salt.
9. The higher the camera pixels, the clearer the photos will be
Myth: The higher the pixels of the camera, the clearer the photos will be.
Truth: The imaging effect of the camera is determined by the lens and the body, and the relationship between the camera pixels and the clarity of the photo is not absolute.
There are many factors that affect image quality, such as signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, contrast, etc. For example, if you want to shoot the moon more clearly, you first need a telephoto lens, the longer the focal length of the lens, the better the ability to distinguish details. Combined with a high-resolution, large-size CMOS detector to improve the resolution of the camera, you can take a very clear photo of the moon. If you use a general mobile phone to image the moon, it is not as clear as a DSLR camera, but the pixels of a DSLR camera are not necessarily as high as those of a mobile phone.
10. The "Upside-Down Water Control Method" can save people from drowning
Myth: People who have died from drowning can be saved, as long as they lift their feet upside down and shake them twice, and the water comes out of their mouths and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Truth: There is usually only a small amount of water in the airways of a drowning person, and the water is absorbed by the alveoli, leading to impaired gas exchange, lung damage, and insufficient oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia). Hanging upside down does not replenish oxygen in the blood of the drowning victim, and most of the water is water from the esophagus and stomach. For drowning people who have already had cardiac respiratory arrest, early initiation of CPR can save the patient.