#精品长文创作季#
Age of Fierce Blood 49
Writer: Zhu Hui
In the second year of King Zhao Youmiao (234 B.C.), the general of the Qin army, Huan Qi, led the main force of the Qin army, detoured 100 kilometers to the east, smuggled across the river from the lower reaches of Zhangshui, and captured the poorly defended Pingyang (now southeast of Cixian County, Hebei) in one fell swoop, and then the army continued to break through, and the troops went straight to Wucheng (now the west of Wucheng County, Shandong). Once Wucheng was also conquered, it meant that the southern Great Wall of Zhao State had been broken through on all fronts, and Handan was in danger! Therefore, King Youmiao of Zhao Zhao immediately sent a general to lead an army of 100,000 and rushed to Wucheng to relieve the siege, but the Qin army was in ambush. Hu was killed, and the 100,000 Zhao army was annihilated. Huan Qi became famous in this battle, becoming another genius master of annihilation warfare since the Qin army succeeded Bai Qi, and a great general star is rising.
On the occasion of this critical death, King Zhao Youmiao had to recall the 100,000 border soldiers of Li Mu, the general in the north. Use this last old bottom to fight with the Qin army for the last time!
At the same time, in the palace of King Qin in Luoyang City, King Yingzheng of Qin (Note 1), who was out on patrol in Henan, looked around at the three important ministers of the court, Li Si, Wei Yi, and Wang Qian, and let out his unique voice with panting and hoarseness (Note 2) and said: "What do you think of Li Muqi?"
The jackal voice is placed on the body of singers such as Yang Kun and Adu, which is the vicissitudes of a man, but when it is placed on the body of the Ninety-Five Supreme, it is terrifying.
The hearts of the ministers could not stop beating wildly, this supreme ruler of the Great Qin Empire was obviously only in his early twenties, but every look in his eyes and every tone of his voice was not angry and threatening, which made people tremble. It's no wonder that Ying Zheng was a hostage in Zhao since he was a child, suffered humiliation and discrimination, and later encountered the persecution of Chang Yu, Lü Buwei and other powerful ministers in Qin State, as well as the betrayal of his mother Zhao Ji, younger brother Cheng Chan, and cousin Changping Jun, which made him extremely old and insecure in political power.
Ying Zheng's slender eyes pierced the air, staring directly at the body of the national lieutenant, flashing a sharp ghost-like essence, but the tone was very soothing and kind: "Zi tastes in Wei, and Li Mu has an old relationship, and it is rumored that this person uses soldiers like a god, and his words are credible?"
Wei Yu saw that Yingzheng called his name, so he replied truthfully: "Li Mushi, a famous general in the world, his ability to grasp the fighter plane, I am afraid that it is still above Wu Anjun Baiqi, this person uses soldiers, infinite as heaven and earth, inexhaustible as rivers and seas, wanton oceans, and every step of the harvest, often inadvertently, killing the enemy in one move." The king said bluntly that although Huan Qi was brave, he was by no means Li Mu's opponent. ”
At this time, Wang Jian interjected: "Zi's words are too much, Wu Anjun is invincible in the world, who is Li Mu, can be compared with him!"
Ying Zheng suddenly said angrily: "Duh! Li Mu broke the Huns, beheaded 100,000, and ran alone, and did not dare to approach Zhao Bian at the age of more than ten years. If you make a small contribution and underestimate the enemy, don't you still care about the sword of self-judgment in vain?"
For a while, the jackal sound of King Yingzheng of Qin shook the roof tiles, the powder wall swayed, and the ministers in the court fell to the ground one after another, trembling and speechless, only Wei Yi stood proudly aside, as if what was happening in front of him had nothing to do with him. It turned out that Wei Yu was originally a native of Daliang, and he was proficient in the art of war and strategy and the art of vertical and horizontal, so he was famous all over the world (Note 3), and although the Qin State was full of generals at that time, there were almost no military strategists who were really familiar with strategic theory. However, this lieutenant didn't know each other, and secretly ridiculed Ying Zheng, saying that in order to achieve his goal, Ying Zheng was not ashamed to live under people, but once he got his will, he would become brutal and cannibalistic, and he must not mix with him, so he pulled out his feet and slipped away, and was unfortunately discovered by Ying Zheng and was arrested. However, Ying Zheng did not throw him into prison in a rage, but insisted on keeping him and appointing him as the lieutenant of the state of Qin, but his position was promoted, and he obeyed his words, treated him more courteously than before, and rewarded him with the same things he used, often the same as his own. Therefore, although Wei Yu is a Qin minister, his status in the Qin court is transcendent, as if he is a national teacher.
For a long time, Ying Zheng was silent, the ministers were silent, and the air on the temple condensed into ice.
Finally, Li Si, who was still Yingzheng's favorite minister, broke the deadlock and said: "In fact, with the strength of Qin and the sage of the king, it is enough to destroy the princes and become emperors and unify the world." Although this Li Mu can, Zhao Zhi is a good minister, and his people are gone, Zhao is full of mediocrity, and he is only destroyed in the morning and evening. The minister suggested that those who could make a fortune should be left behind; those who refused to be stabbed with a sword should leave their plans to leave the monarch and ministers, and wait to get rid of Li Mu, and then make the good generals follow, and Zhao Ke can be destroyed. ”
Ying Zheng is overjoyed, worthy of being a high disciple of Master Xun Qing, and there is no Confucian pedantry at all, and this plan can be used.
As mentioned earlier, Xunzi can be said to be the last master of Confucianism during the Warring States period. In the last years of the Warring States Period, hundreds of schools of thought contended, and Xunzi was constantly evolving his thoughts. In his early years, like other Confucians, he believed in the relativism of kings and ministers, believing that people and ministers should be ministers who "do not obey the king", and could even "seize and then righteousness, kill and then benevolence, and transpose up and down and then chastity" ("Xunzi Chendao"). On the other hand, Xunzi also advocated the theory of respecting the monarch, and began to study the "art of the emperor" (Note 4) in his later years, and even went to the Qin State to investigate, and finally absorbed the theories of Shang Yang and Shen Buxian, as well as the theory of Guanzi's rich country, and made the first great integration of ancient management theories. On the basis of his teacher Xunzi, Li Si and Han Feizi made the second major integration of management theory.
In addition, Xunzi also transformed the Confucian "rite", in his view, "rite" is not a spontaneous ritual, but a compulsory norm, so it is not different from the "rite" of the Duke of Zhou, but has a fundamental same point with the "law" of the Legalists - they are all determined by "measurement and distribution" to determine their respective duties and responsibilities, for individuals only have the obligation to obey, there is no room for choice, and there is no freedom of doubt and criticism. In addition, Xunzi's theories of "Theory of Sexual Evil", "Queen of Law" and "Respect for the Monarchy" are also contrary to Mencius's "Theory of Sexual Goodness" and "Fa Xianwang" and people-oriented thought (Note 5), and are close to the authoritarian ideas of Legalism. In fact, after Qin Shi Huang unified the world, he erected monuments everywhere, in which the rituals and ethics commended, as well as the national order that was admired, were quite close to Xunzi's theory. The great Confucians of the Han Dynasty, such as Jia Yi, Dong Zhongshu and Liu Xiang, also belonged to the Xunxue school of Confucianism, which was most suitable for confluence with Legalism and implemented in the theory of governance and management. When Liu Xiang proofread "The Book of Sun Qing", he even deliberately wrote a preface and said in a high-profile manner: "As a king, you can use Sun Qing, and you are more than a king." ”
Pictured: Xunzi and Li Si
As a soldier and a columnist, Wei Yi also deeply agreed with Li Si's strategy, and for the first time he felt the flexibility and adaptability of Confucianism, so he echoed his advice: "Tonggu (Li Sizi) is very good. The minister has a disciple, the name is weak, the eloquence is unparalleled, and he has the ability to dominate the world. ”
After Wei Yi's words, the ministers in the court looked at each other, just one Li Mu, did it cost me ten thousand gold, this is inevitably too expensive!
Wei Yu laughed loudly: "As soon as Li Mu goes, Zhao will die, and if Zhao dies, the six countries will be in danger, how can there ever be such a cost-effective deal in this world! May the king not love property, and bribe the ministers of the six countries to make a mess, and at most 300,000 gold, then the princes can do their best." At the right time, Qin is rich in the world, what is the reason for just gold?"
King Yingzheng of Qin was overjoyed when he heard this, and the Qin State annexed Bashu and Nanjun, occupied the placer gold mines of the Jinsha River and Hanshui, and surpassed the Chu State to become the largest gold mining country in the world (Note 6), although the amount of 300,000 gold was large (Note 7), but I Daqin was not unable to take it! So he said: "The words of the son are very good, and the widow will pay 10,000 catties of weak gold to Zhao, and use it for his own use, so it should be enough!" So he immediately sent someone to summon Dun Weak, but Dun Weak had more personality than his teacher Wei Yi, and actually said: "The minister's righteousness does not pay homage." If the king can make his ministers not worship, he will be able to do so, but no, he will not see them. ("Warring States Policy: Qin Ce IV") and Yingzheng is generous enough, and he can't take care of so much in order to achieve his goal, if he doesn't worship, he won't worship, my Daqin is about to unify the world, is there still a lack of you to worship?
Qin Ting is still in the temple on this side, on the other side Huan Qi and Li Mu have already handed over, Zhao Youmiao King three years (233 BC) in October (after the autumn harvest, does not affect the agricultural time), Qin State famous general Huan Qi led an army of 100,000, from Taiyuan out of Taihang Mountain, attacking Chili, Yi'an (now southeast of Shijiazhuang, Hebei) area.
At that time, there were three routes for Qin to attack Zhao: the first was the western line from the Shangdang Changzhi Basin to Handan, which was often taken by the Qin State in the past, through Fukou, the second was to attack the southern line of the Great Wall of Zhao through Yecheng from Hanoi, and the third was the middle line taken by Huan Qi this time from Taiyuan to capture the Zhongshan area.
The first western front has the shortest distance, but the Shangdang area is full of mountains, lacks material supply capacity, and material transportation is also very inconvenient (so the Qin State fought quite hard in the Battle of Handan that year); the second southern line is also very difficult for the Qin army to attack the fortified positions because of the tight defense of the Great Wall in the south of Zhao; only the third line, the Qin army can rely on the fertile and rich Taiyuan Basin in the north to supply grain, and the logistics situation is much better than that of the Shangdang line, and the Zhongshan area is four or five hundred miles away from Handan, and the Zhao army also has certain difficulties in reinforcing it. As long as the Qin army took the pivotal areas of Chili and Yi'an before the arrival of Zhao's reinforcements, and then set up a defensive line along the Hutuo River, it would not only be able to divide the Hebei Plain of Zhao into the southern Handan region and the northern Zhongshan region to break through each of them, but also form a north-south flank attack on Handan with the Zhangshui Qin army on the southern line.
When the news reached Handan, King Zhao was terrified and urgently ordered Li Mu to go south to rescue him.
Li Mu brought out the words he said to King Zhao Xiaocheng back then: "Qin takes advantage of the power of victory, and its edge is very sharp, and it is not easy to be frustrated. May the false ministers be cheap and have no formal grammar before they dare to be ordered. ”
King Zhao is afraid of death now, where do you dare not agree, whatever, whatever, as long as you can keep Handan, you can do anything.
As a result, Li Mu led the Daidi border guards to the south and built a barrier on the north bank of the Hutuo River opposite Yi'an, confronting the Qin army.
The old trick, Li Mu kills cattle every day, trains riding and shooting, no matter how the Qin army attacks, I don't move like a mountain.
Huan Qi attacked for dozens of days, found nothing, and muttered in his heart. Although the logistical situation of the Qin army in this battle is better than that of the party, after all, it is a lone army in depth, and the labor division is on an expedition, which is not conducive to a long-term war.
At this time, an adjutant general reminded Huan Qi that Li Mu broke the Huns, and it was like this at the beginning, first show the enemy to be weak, and then go out of the city to lure the enemy, and ambush and annihilate him, the general must be careful!
Huan Qi said impatiently, I naturally know this, Wu Anjun also used this trick to deal with Zhao Kuo back then, it's not new!
The adjutant general said, "Is there any way for the general to crack it?"
Huan Qi held his chin and thought hard, Qin came from afar, if he couldn't attack for a long time, his morale would decline, even if I had already taken precautions, if I didn't fall into Li Mu's plan to lure the enemy, this battle would be in a stalemate, and when the time came, the food and grass would not continue, and this battle would not be able to be fought.
What to do, what to do? He wants to tempt my enemies, to tempt my enemies......
Haha, there's a way! Didn't Li Mu want to stick to the enemy who was waiting to lure me? Then I'll come and treat others in the same way as others, and come up with a counter-lure!
The adjutant is stupid, anti-temptation, what kind of noun is this?
Huan Qi laughed, learn a little, boy, I will now divide my troops to the east to attack Feilei (Jin County, Hebei), Feilei is an important stronghold on the south bank of the Hutuo River, take it and cross the Hutuo River to go around to the back of Li Mujun, think about it, Li Mu, can he not come to the rescue? As soon as Li Mu comes out, things will be easy to do, and our army can set up an ambush on the way halfway, and it will win a big victory. Haha, my Huan Qi is really a genius, even more resourceful than my Great Qin's God of War Wu Anjun!
The deputy general hurriedly patted his ass, yes, yes, the general had annihilated 100,000 Zhao troops in a war before, and now he killed Li Mu, then the general you will definitely be famous all over the world, and become the commander of the new generation of war gods of my Great Qin, and the prince will worship the prime minister, just around the corner!
Half of the Qin army was divided into troops to attack fat, and Li Mu's generals proposed to send troops to support. Li Mu said: "If he attacks and I save him, it is to cause the enemy to be a man, and the soldiers are jealous." I'm not Zhao Kuo, how can I fall for this trick to lure the enemy?"
So Li Mu refused to support Fei Ti, and ordered the Zhao army guarding Fei Ti to hold out, Huan Qi bullied the Zhao army in the city with few soldiers, and attacked the city day and night, and Fei Ti was in danger.
When King Zhao heard this, he was shocked, and issued several edicts to urge, ordering Li Mu to rush to save fat, and finally, Li Mu went out of the base, but instead of saving fat, the soldiers were divided into three ways, crossing the Hutuo River at night, and smashing the base camp of the Qin army in Yi'an!
The Qin army camp has no commander, and the troops are empty, and see that the Zhao soldiers have not come out of the fortress for many days, and they have already relaxed their vigilance, when the Zhao army suddenly descended from the sky, the camp was suddenly in chaos, and the Zhao army took advantage of the situation to kill people everywhere in the camp and set fire, the camp was boiling, the lights were soaring into the sky, the stars and the moon were not bright, and the Qin soldiers were killed and wounded. If there is one who escapes, he will report to the fat tired.
Fighting a war is a battle of wit, Li Mu's move will be calculated, grasp the best fighter, if you don't move, it will be thunderous, and directly end Huan Qi's nest, its use of troops is wonderful, so wonderful.
When he heard that the old nest had been copied and that the grain and grass had been lost, he was shocked -- good Li Mu! I have been playing monkeys all my life, but this time I was played by monkeys, and now I have no food and grass, and there is no way back, so what can I do about it?
There is nothing to do, Huan Qi, a lone army, is sandwiched between fat and Li Mujun, and there is no other way except to turn back and fight hard with Li Mu.
So Huan Qi gritted his teeth, Li Mu old thief, I fought with you, today is either you die or I die!!
Don't let you die or die, it's you who dies. After Li Mu broke through the base camp of the Qin army, he took advantage of the rapid mobility of the cavalry, set up a pocket as early as halfway, and waited for Huan Qi to jump inside.
As a result, Huan Qi, who wanted to fight Li Mu as an ambush, was ambushed by Li Mu. Not far from the Qin army's return to the division, the Zhao army ambushed the troops in all directions, ten thousand arrows were fired together, the flames soared into the sky, the Qin army's formation was in chaos, and the number of people who trampled on and died is unknown. It seems that whether it is against the Xiongnu or the Qin army, the secret of Li Mu's victory is only two words: mobility. Since the stirrup had not yet been invented in the pre-Qin period, the greatest advantage of cavalry was its mobility. The key point of Li Mu's operation is to bring the mobility of the cavalry to the extreme, and its key point is to first consume and then move, that is, to first disintegrate the enemy's combat objectives through a war of attrition, so as to mobilize the enemy to our battlefield, and then find a suitable opportunity to annihilate the enemy in the movement war.
At this point, Huan Qi finally understood Li Mu's terrible, he sighed, the general trend is gone, I am not Wu Anjun after all, then the damn god of war should be left to others, I will save my life first.
Huan Qi then gave an order and abandoned the army and fled. In this battle, Qin's 100,000 army was annihilated, and Qin's shining emerging general Xinghuan Qi had just risen, and was shot down into the dust by Li Mu and beaten back to his original form.
According to expert research, Li Mu's defeated general later ended up very tragically. According to the Qin law, "the general of the defeated army and the person who defects to the enemy is ordered to be a thief, killed and disabled, removed from his nationality, sent to his grave, and the men and women are in the official (selling their families as official slaves)". Perhaps Huan Qi felt that Yan and Qin had always been good friends, and if he fled to Yan State, he should not be regarded as defecting to the enemy. Unexpectedly, King Yingzheng of Qin gave him a strict punishment, and still exterminated his family, and offered a reward for his head with thousands of gold. As a result, Jing Ke saw that this guy's head was quite valuable (Note 8), so he deceived his head and went to assassinate King Qin as a greeting gift. This eternal tragedy is well-known to everyone, so don't mention it.
Yingzheng can't help but be angry, Qin has always been invincible since Shang Ying's change of law, with occasional small defeats and little damage, and now Huan Qi has defeated his 100,000 army in one go, which is a thousand knives! Li Mu, Li Mu, you really live up to your reputation, but unfortunately you are not a Qin person, and you can't be used by my Great Qin, otherwise it won't be another Wu Anjun of my Great Qin! Suddenly weak, you better hurry up and set off for Handan for the widow, the great cause of the widow depends on your mouth and our gold!
Note 1: Case "Historical Records: Qin Shi Huang Benji": "In the thirteenth year of (Qin Wangzheng), Huan Qi attacked Zhao Pingyang, killed Zhao Jiang, and beheaded 100,000. Wang's Henan. It can be seen that the king of Qin was not in Xianyang at this time, but toured east to Henan. Wang Zijin believes that this move of the King of Qin has the significance of eliminating the influence of Lü Buwei's forces (Lü Buwei's fief is in Luoyang), and it also has the significance of condolences to the front soldiers and the former enemy commanders after the military success. Qin Wangzheng's tour this time inherited the tradition of Qin Guojun's willingness to travel far away, and it was also the historical precursor of Qin Shi Huang's five long-distance tours after the establishment of the unified empire. See Wang Zijin, The History of Qin's Expansion: Land and People, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2023, p. 229.
Note 2: Lieutenant Yu of the "Records of the First Emperor of Qin" commented on Yingzheng's appearance: "The King of Qin is a man, a bee is accurate, has long eyes, a beloved bird, and a jackal voice is ......" It can be seen that Qin Shi Huang's nose is like a hanging gall, his eyes are slender, and he is a beautiful man, but the "Zhiniaoying" and "Jackal Voice" are considered by Guo Moruo to be symptoms of chicken breasts, hypochondria, and tracheitis ("Ten Criticisms: Lü Buwei and Qin Wangzheng's Criticism").
Note 3: Wei Yi can be said to be the best military theory expert under Sun Bin in the Warring States Period, and his book "Wei Yuzi" has a very high status in the ancient military academic circles, and is respected by the soldiers of all dynasties, and "Sun Tzu", "Wu Zi", "Sima Fa" and so on in the Song Dynasty together known as the "Seven Books of Wujing". In addition, although the book is a military book, it attaches great importance to the system, and the book specifically talks about the important role of the system in the victory of the war, and expounds in detail all aspects of "governing the army by system," thus forming a complete "theory of system." It not only discusses righteousness, but also designs meticulous and thoughtful plans, and even stipulates details such as soldiers' clothing, markings, and flags.
Note 4: See "Historical Records: The Biography of Li Silie": "(Li Si) learned the art of the emperor from Xun Qing. Regarding Xunzi's idea of respecting the monarch, you can see "Xunzi Monarchy": "The monarch is also good." When the group is in the way, everything is suitable, the six animals are all long, and the group of animals is their life. There is also "Xunzi Zheng Treatise": "The Son of Heaven is the supreme and invincible in the world." ”
Note 5: Therefore, Xunzi believes that the "Confucianism of Zisi" in the eight schools of Confucianism, including Zisi and Mencius, are all "very secluded and classless, secluded and unspoken, closed and unresolved" ("Xunzi Fei Twelve Sons"), which is completely self-talk and empty talk.
Note 6: The largest gold-producing country in the pre-Qin era was originally the Chu State, and the earliest gold currency in China was also the "Yingzhan" of the Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Han Feizi Neichu Said": "In the land of Jingnan, gold is born in Lishui. "Pipe: Light and Heavy Armor": "Chu has the gold of Ruhan. In addition, Nanjing's original name was "Jinlingyi", which was the gold mining city set up by King Chuwei here. Zhuo Ran's "Research on the Change of Gold Quantity in the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties" also pointed out: "The gold-producing areas of the mainland in the pre-Qin period include the Tongtian River originating from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its downstream Jinsha River, which carried rich gold reserves from the Bayan Kala Mountains and flowed through the Lishui area in the south of the Chu State. Under the effect of the hydrodynamic drop, the Lingzun Mountain and the Dabie Mountains bring rich gold deposits to the Hanshui Basin, and the Rushui River, which has the characteristics of mountains and rivers, originates from the Funiu Mountain in the Xiaoqinling Mountains, which belongs to the rock-gold metallogenic area, and its entire basin must be a placer-gold rich area. However, in the late Warring States period, Hanzhong and Nanjun in the Hanshui Valley were all returned to the Qin State, and the Bashu region in the Jinsha River Valley was also returned to the Qin State, and the Qin State replaced the Chu State as the richest country in the Warring States, which had an overwhelming economic advantage over the other countries.
Note 7: According to scholars' statistics, the "Warring States Policy" involves a total of 53 records of "using gold", of which "Qianjin" appears 18 times, "Three Thousand Gold" 2 times, "Ten Thousand Gold" 3 times, and the total amount of gold is 59,010 catties, and Qin State took out 5 times this number (the total amount of diplomatic funds used in the 250 years of the Warring States Period) at once.
Note 8: Yang Kuan believes that Fan Yuzhi in the "Historical Records: The Biography of the Assassins" is the Qin general Huan Qi in this battle. Fan Yuzhi and Huan Qiyin are on the same holiday, just like Tian Ji or Tian Ji and Tian Chensi. Huan Qi was defeated in the fourteenth year of Qin Shi Huang, and Yan Prince Dan returned from Qin in the fifteenth year of Qin Shi Huang, and the time was also the same. See Yang Kuan, History of the Warring States Period, p. 368.