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In 1960, Yan Xishan, who lived in seclusion in Yangmingshan, Taiwan, had a premonition that his life would be short. When people reach old age, they want to return to their roots, but Yan Xishan understands that he can no longer go back to his hometown in Shanxi. The thought of being buried in a foreign land after death made Yan Xishan's heart extremely sad, which made his already old body even weaker.
The former king of Shanxi began to explain his last words to his family, and one of his last words was very strange. Yan Xishan confessed that his family was not allowed to cry loudly after his death, which couldn't help but make people wonder.
So, why did Yan Xishan explain that his family was not allowed to cry loudly after his death?
Born in a wealthy family, he studied in Japan
Yan Xishan was born in Wutai County, Shanxi Province in 1883, and his family was very well-off, and his ancestors were landlords for several generations. In his father's generation, there was a small loan shark in the family.
Yan Xishan is the only son in the family, and his parents love him very much. But his childhood was not a happy one, because his mother died of a serious illness when he was six years old.
Her father was too busy with business to take care of her. So Yan Xishan lived with his grandmother.
After reaching his age, Yan Xishan was sent to a private school to study. At that time, the traditional culture such as the Four Books and the Five Classics was still taught in the private school, and Yan Xishan's father hoped that he could study hard in the private school and be admitted to the imperial court as an official in the future.
But later, as the business got bigger and bigger, Yan Xishan's father needed a helper, so he let the 14-year-old Yan Xishan drop out of Qianzhuang to learn to do business.
Yan Xishan is a bright person and is very interested in doing business, and this experience as a teenager made Yan Xishan's later style more or less businessmanlike.
At that time, the Yan family's business was usury and financial investment, but the speculative work was destined to last long. In 1900, Yan Xishan and his son failed to invest and became heavily indebted, and all their houses and fields were sold.
In order to avoid debts, Yan Xishan's father and son fled from their hometown to Taiyuan, because of dropping out of school, Yan Xishan had a little culture but not much, so he could only be a buddy in Taiyuan pharmacy.
In the late Qing Dynasty, there were repeated reforms, and the rulers of the Qing Dynasty vigorously promoted new-style schools. Yan Xishan, who was a buddy, was very envious of the majestic Qing Dynasty officials on the street, and he was unwilling to be a buddy for the rest of his life.
At this time, Shanxi Beiwu Academy was recruiting cadets, and this academy was equivalent to a military school. In addition to traditional knowledge, the requirements for admission to the academy include some art of war and tactics.
Yan Xishan was very interested in military affairs, and when he was studying in private school, he read ancient art of war books from time to time. The examiner was greatly praised for his articles on the art of war made during the exam, and during the interview session, Yan Xishan looked at the officials without timidity, and could answer everything fluently.
As a result, Yan Xishan was exceptionally admitted to the school as a buddy, and so far, Yan Xishan began his extraordinary life.
After four years of studying military affairs, according to the custom, Yan Xishan was assigned to the Qing army as an officer. In this year, the Qing government decided to send students to Japan to learn more advanced learning techniques. The school got 50 places, Yan Xishan immediately signed up, and he passed the exam with excellent grades and went to Japan.
Yan Xishan first studied at a general military academy in Japan, and in 1907, Yan Xishan entered the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School with excellent results.
During this period, Yan Xishan was affected by the revolutionary upsurge, and he got to know the revolutionaries represented by Sun Yat-sen. He was very interested in revolutionary ideas and soon joined the China League.
This marked Yan Xishan's official entry into the political arena of modern China, and after returning to China, Yan Xishan served as an officer of the New Army in Taiyuan, and he often participated in revolutionary activities in secret with other members of the League.
In order to keep the New Army in his hands, Yan Xishan often propagated revolutionary ideas to other colleagues. The Qing government was unaware that control of the new army had fallen into the hands of the League.
With the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, the rebels from all over the country responded. Yan Xishan led his troops to revolt after consulting with the members of the League, and Yan Xishan led his troops to quickly attack Taiyuan City and kill the governor of Shanxi.
After Taiyuan was taken by the rebel army, Yan Xishan established the Shanxi Military Government, and he was elected as the supreme leader by the Shanxi League.
Yan Xi consolidated the situation in Shanxi, and the Qing government was unwilling to lose this strategic place in Shanxi, so it sent troops to attack. But Yan Xishan's troops were unstoppable at this time, and he divided the new army into several routes and completely wiped out the Qing army in Shanxi.
In the Xinhai Revolution, Yan Xishan's troops played an important role. Yan Xishan made a certain contribution to the overthrow of the Qing government, which was the most brilliant stroke in his career.
"King of Shanxi"
A few years after the fall of the Qing government, Yuan Shikai was ambitious to become emperor. Because Yuan Shikai has given Yan Xishan a lot of benefits in the past few years, Yan Xishan is very supportive of Yuan Shikai's idea of becoming emperor. Not only did he finance Yuan Shikai's plan to become emperor, but he even denied the impact of the Xinhai Revolution on Chinese history.
In order to express himself, Yan Xishan also sent reports to Yuan Shikai three times in a row asking him to ascend to the throne quickly. It can be said that Yuan Shikai has a lot of merit in calling Emperor Yan Xishan, which is why Yuan Shikai named Yan Xishan a first-class marquis after calling the emperor.
The anti-imperialist rebels across the country were indignant at Yuan Shikai's actions, and General Cai quickly formed a Protectorate Army in Yunnan to prepare for a crusade. At this time, Yan Xishan was still unrepentant, and he actually called General Cai's behavior to sabotage the overall situation.
And Yuan Shikai's big tree did not let Yan Xishan hold it for long, and less than a year after he became emperor, Yuan Shikai died of illness in the condemnation of the righteous army. Yan Xishan saw that the situation was not good, and immediately took refuge in Duan Qirui.
Since then, Yan Xishan has wanted to control the military and political power of the entire Shanxi, and he has entrusted his cronies with important tasks and squeezed out those who disobey him.
Later, Mr. Sun Yat-sen ordered a crusade against Duan Qirui in Guangzhou, and Yan Xishan was on the wrong side again this time. He supported Duan Qirui, and with the victory of the Dharma Protector Movement, Yan Xishan completely grew his memory.
He spent the next few years dealing with Shanxi's government affairs, and never participated in meaningless warlord battles. In the past few years, the policies launched by Yan Xishan have been quite effective, at least the people of Shanxi have lived a stable life for a few years.
But this is only the surface, in fact, Yan Xishan is privately opening an arsenal to expand the army. He expanded his army to 17 divisions, which greatly increased his strength.
In 1925, Yan Xishan changed the name of the Jin Army to the Jin Sui Army. Later, the Nationalist Government asked Yan Xishan to send troops to the Northern Expedition, and seeing that the Nationalist Government was getting stronger and stronger, Yan Xishan decided to obey the Nationalist Government and send troops to the Northern Expedition.
In 1928, Yan Xishan served as the commander-in-chief of the Third Army of the Northern Expeditionary Army, and he concentrated all his forces to attack the Feng army, and the Jin Sui army regained the lost territory all the way. Chiang Kai-shek attached great importance to Yan Xishan, and in order to win him over, he was appointed president of the Interior of the Executive Yuan.
After the Northern Expedition, Yan Xishan was suppressed by Chiang Kai-shek everywhere, and he understood that Chiang Kai-shek was going to unload the mill and kill the donkey, so Yan Xishan began to vigorously expand the army.
At that time, he already had 200,000 troops, and he cooperated with Feng Yuxiang to prepare to work together to bring down Chiang Kai-shek. However, due to the unevenness of the troops and Zhang Xueliang's hundreds of thousands of troops entering the customs, the Central Plains War ended in failure. Since then, Yan Xishan has been in and out of the wilderness, and he actually still controls the power of the Jin Sui army.
After the September 18 Incident, patriotic students marched in the streets, but they were brutally suppressed by Chiang Kai-shek. The students marching in Taiyuan were detained or killed by the Kuomintang government, and Yan Xishan took advantage of the people's dissatisfaction with Chiang Kai-shek to become king of Shanxi again.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Yan Xishan was the commander of the Second Theater of Operations, and he repeatedly went to the battlefield to direct operations.
In order to unite against Japan, Yan Xishan also got in touch with the leaders of our party. In the Battle of Yikou, the Jin Sui Army cooperated with the Eighth Route Army to inflict heavy losses on the Japanese army, killing more than 20,000 Japanese soldiers. In the early stage of the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan's performance was still recognized by the people. However, in the later stage of the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan had frequent contact with the Japanese army, and his passive anti-Japanese behavior caused a lot of scolding.
Just after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Xishan couldn't wait to launch an attack on our army. After the outbreak of the civil war, the Jin Sui army was fully put into the battlefield, and under the offensive of our army, the Jin Sui army was defeated and collapsed.
In 1948, Taiyuan had become an empty city, but Yan Xishan still stubbornly defended it. His political methods were old-fashioned, and when he realized that the general trend had turned, he actually fled by plane after looting his belongings in Taiyuan. The king of Shanxi made such an act, which is really angry and angry.
Defeated and retreated
When Yan Xishan fled to Taiwan, he looted or embezzled countless wealth, and he also sent all his relatives to foreign countries, and the family lived a very prosperous life. As a well-known figure in the Kuomintang, Yan Xishan was entrusted with important tasks in Taiwan, in fact, this is also Yan Xishan's left and right. He used the looted wealth to contact dignitaries and dignitaries in Taiwan, and eventually, he became the premier of the Executive Yuan.
After Chiang Kai-shek's "reinstatement" in Taiwan, Yan Xishan had a premonition that something was wrong, so it was better to withdraw as soon as possible. He knew that Chiang Kai-shek wanted to kill him several times and was about to die, and Yan Xishan didn't want to end up being killed in his old age, so he took the initiative to resign.
Yan Xishan's later life was very leisurely, and he built a villa in the mountains in Yangmingshan, Taiwan.
As the former king of Shanxi, Yan Xishan was still dissatisfied with his current depressed situation, and he could only devote all his energy to writing books and giving speeches.
In 1960, Yan Xishan confessed his last words to his family, and one of his last words was to ask his family not to cry after his death.
Many people think that Yan Xishan is sighing for his life, maybe he feels that he has no merit in his life, so he is ashamed to let his family cry about his death. Another point is that Yan Xishan may be afraid that his funeral will usher in Chiang Kai-shek's attention.
After all, Chiang Kai-shek was a man of grudges, and he could not guarantee that he would liquidate Yan Xishan's family after his death, and there was some truth to both of these reasons.
As the king of Shanxi who once worked against Chiang Kai-shek, it is not easy for Yan Xishan to get a good end in Taiwan. Yan Xishan's life has a mixed reputation, and historians have different opinions on his evaluation. Perhaps in his later years, Yan Xishan also realized the major mistakes he had made, so he didn't let his family cry loudly!
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