The Harvard president's concentration was still too poor, and he was found to have copied a few sentences from the paper and resigned. On the other hand, a certain professor, expert, and Internet celebrity surnamed Zhang of a certain university in mainland Fu, he wrote thousands of words and copied thousands of words of papers, and after being exposed, he was as stable as Mount Tai.
We compared Prof. Zhang's doctoral dissertation "A series of studies on the mutation of the katG gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its isoniazid resistance" in the literature database, and found that all chapters of his dissertation, including the abstract, introduction, results of the first part, the second part, the third part, the review and the outlook, plagiarized the paper verbatim and did not cite the original text.
Among them, more than 4,600 words are copied from the paper "Molecular Biology of KatG Gene and Mycobacterium tuberculosis isoniazid resistance" published by Huang Hainan et al. in 1998, more than 3,100 words copied from the paper "Progress in Genetic Research on Isoniazid Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis" published by Wang Xiaochuan et al. in 1998, and more than 1,300 words copied from another paper published by Wang Xiaochuan et al. in 1998 "Study on the Correlation between Catalase Activity KatG Gene and Mycobacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isoniazid Resistance" , in addition to several passages copied from other papers. Zhang's doctoral dissertation lists a total of 101 references, but does not mention the above three. For obvious reasons, he didn't want people to discover the source he copied the most.
Elementary school students copy other people's homework and know how to change it slightly so as not to make it too obvious, but Zhang Internet celebrity can be so arrogant that he can copy other people's papers without using his brain at all, and copy the whole paragraph word by word. He copied the text, punctuation, references, and even spelling mistakes in other people's papers. This is academic plagiarism at the textbook level.
Here are a few more dramatic examples:
One
The paper by Yao et al. (1996) wrote: "PCR-SSCP analysis is a DNA single-bond gel electrophoresis technique that detects genetic variants based on changes in electrophoretic mobility in neutral polyacrylamide gels in isometric DNA single strands forming different conformations. ”
Zhang's doctoral dissertation (2000) wrote: "PCR-SSCP analysis... is a DNA single-stranded gel electrophoresis technique that detects genetic variants based on changes in electrophoretic migration rate in neutral polyacrylamide gels in isometric DNA single-strands forming different conformations,"
There is actually a clerical error in Yao's original text here, there can be no polyacrylamide gel in the single strand of DNA, and "electrophoresis in a neutral polyacrylamide gel in a single strand of DNA" should be "electrophoresis of a single strand of DNA in a neutral polyacrylamide gel". Zhang Internet celebrity didn't see it clearly, so he directly copied the typo.
Two
Huang et al. (1998) wrote: "The KatG gene encodes the production of heme-contingase, also known as hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase, with a molecular weight of 8000, which plays an important role in the oxidative metabolism of bacteria. ”
Zhang's doctoral dissertation (2000) wrote: "The KatG gene encodes the production of heme-contingase, also known as hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase, with a molecular weight of 8000, which plays an important role in the oxidative metabolism of bacteria. ”
Here Huang et al.'s English in the original text is incorrect. The English word for "catalase-peroxidase" is "catalase-peroxidase". Since this enzyme contains heme, it can be modified with the adjective "heme-containing".
Huang mistakenly thought the term was the scientific name for an enzyme, and then misspelled "containing" as "conting" (there is no such word in English), and the result was "heme-conting enzyme". Zhang Internet celebrity didn't understand what "hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase" was, and he didn't know that "conting" was actually a misspelled "containing", so he copied it along.
Three
Huang et al. (1998) wrote: "Rouse and Merris [7] used 11 pairs of primers with a full-length kat gene -56~2220 bp designed by PE in the United States to amplify MTB, and one of the five highly resistant strains (MIC of 50 ug/ml) did not produce an amplification band in the PCR of any set of primers, indicating that the katG gene of the bacterium had been completely deleted. ”
In his doctoral dissertation (2000), Zhang Honghong wrote: "Rouse and Merris [20] used 11 pairs of primers designed by PE in the United States to amplify MTB using 11 pairs of primers with a full length of katGad 1di-56-2220bp, and one of the five highly resistant strains (MIC of 50 ug/ml) did not produce an amplification band in any set of primers, indicating that the katG gene of the bacterium had been completely deleted. ”
A look at references to Huang et al.7 shows that the collaborator of "Rouse" is actually surnamed "Morris". Huang and the others saw that a letter was written as "Merris", and Zhang Wanghong copied "Merris" without even thinking about it.
Four
Huang et al. (1998) wrote: "The katG gene of the ATCC25618 strain of MTB by Cookerill and Klin et al. contains 2223 nucleotides, and the nucleotide type and order are the same as those of the H37Rv strain, except that guanine replaces cytosine at position 700 (both products are glycine). ”
Zhang's doctoral dissertation (2000) wrote: "The katG gene of the ATCC25618 strain of MTB by Cooderill and Klin et al. contains 2223 nucleotides, except for the 700th base where guanine replaces cytosine [both products are glycine], the nucleotide species and order are the same as those of the HRv strain." ”
This paragraph is even funnier, that person's surname is actually "Cockerill", and Huang saw that a letter was written as "Cookerill", and then when Zhang Internet copied Huang's original text, he saw a letter written as "Cooderill". Mistakes on top of mistakes, changing people's surnames beyond recognition.
Five
Wang et al. (1998) wrote: "In 1992, Zhang et al. [4] studied the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis INH at the genetic level for the first time, and found that among the three strains of highly resistant bacteria with a MIC of >50 μg/ml, two strains completely lacked the KatG gene. ...... In the early years, Zhang et al. [8] introduced functional copies of the KatG gene into two INH-resistant strains to restore their sensitivity to INH. ”
Zhang's doctoral dissertation (2000) wrote: "The earliest confirmation that the katG gene is indeed closely related to isoniazid resistance was in 1992, when Zhang et al. introduced a functional copy of the KatG gene into two INH-resistant bacteria to restore their sensitivity to INH, and the two strains were positive through DNA probe hybridization [1]. ”
It's obvious that Zhang Internet celebrity is copying serials here. Wang Wenwen described two different studies, one in which Zhang et al. discovered in 1992 that two strains of highly resistant bacteria were completely missing the KatG gene (Ref. 4), and the other was that Zhang et al. introduced a functional copy of the KatG gene into the resistant bacteria in 1993 ("early years") (Ref. 8).
Zhang did not notice the difference in the reference numbers of the two sentences in Wang's original text, and took it for granted that the two references to Zhang were referring to the same research, and thought that the "early years" were 1992, but the result was that he copied "1992, Zhang" in Wang's original text in the first half of the sentence, and the description of Zhang's research in 1993 in Wang's original text copied in the second half of the sentence, and the reference was copied from Zhang in 1992. The surname Zhang is not distinguished, which makes people laugh and cry.
The above is just a few obvious examples, other plagiarism mistakes and the plagiarism of the main experimental idea will not be expanded one by one due to space limitations, interested friends can browse the plagiarism check report at the end of the article by themselves.
I think there are three main reasons why Zhang Internet celebrity dares to plagiarize other people's papers so blatantly:
First, when he wrote his dissertation, the informatization of academic literature in mainland China was still in its infancy, CNKI had just been launched, and most domestic universities had not yet started the work of checking the plagiarism of papers. This made opportunists such as Zhang Internet celebrity have a fluke mentality, thinking that even if they copied it, they would not be discovered.
Second, Zhang Wang's mentor Weng Xinhua's indifferent attitude towards academic plagiarism. When we checked Zhang Wang's doctoral dissertation, we not only found that he copied other people's previously published papers, but also found that someone copied his dissertation later. Among them, the master's thesis published by Hua Zhenghao, a graduate student of Fu, in 2002, "Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhA whole gene mutation by multi-site enzyme digestion combined with SSCP method", and the doctoral dissertation "Analysis of Isoniazid Resistance-related Genes and Their Functions" published by Mo Ling, a graduate student of Fu, in 2003, both had the problem of plagiarizing the papers of Zhang Wanghong and others without citing the original text (ironically, the paper copied and pieced together by Mo Ling even won the 2004 Shanghai Graduate Outstanding Achievement Award).
After inquiry, Hua Zhenghao and Mo Ling went out of the same house as Zhang Wang, and their instructor was the famous professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fu, Weng Xinhua. Hua Zhenghao is now the "deputy chief physician" of Fu's Huashan Hospital, and Mo Ling stayed in Fu's Huashan for a few years after graduation, and has been missing since then. Weng Xinhua was able to cultivate so many academic plagiarists, but it is conceivable that his own academic ethics are not much higher. Up and down, a nest of snakes and rats.
Third, Zhang Wanghong's academic accomplishment and scientific research integrity level are limited. The fact that the school does not check and the tutor does not care is not a reason to copy other people's papers. As far as I know, all authors of university dissertations must sign a "statement of originality" on the third cover of the dissertation, promising that the content of the dissertation was created by the author independently and not copied from somewhere else. Zhang Internet celebrity copied other people's papers with thousands of words and thousands of words, and signed and promised that this paper was written by himself, which is a problem of character.
The ancients said: "A gentleman is cautious about what he does not see, and he is afraid of what he does not hear." "A virtuous man is cautious where no one sees, and he is wary where no one hears, for the more hidden the place is more obvious, and the subtler the more conspicuous it is.
Don't think that everything will be fine if you get a degree in the dark, and the stain on your doctoral dissertation will stay with you for the rest of your life.
Attached: Zhang Wanghong's doctoral dissertation plagiarism check report
(The author is a physicist and an American social observer; source: Kunlun Ce Network [author's authorization]; all pictures are provided by the author)