1． Wu Men Sect
Suzhou seal carving art is unique, Wen Zhengming, Wen Sanqiao father and son created the Wumen gate school seal carving, is the first school of literati seal carving, the world known as Wumen sect. Wumen sect to Wen Peng as the originator, important representative figures also Wang Guan, Gu Ling, Lin Gao and other people, Wumen sect participation is the largest number of all seal carving schools, the participation of Indians in Suzhou and nearby areas, most of them are wenshi authentic self-style, so Wumen's group, leadership, regionality are more obvious. Wumen gate seal carving, Bai Wenyuan master Han private seal, Zhu Wen inheritance Yuan Zhu Wen, but extremely creative, whether it is calligraphy, chapter law, knife method has made breakthroughs. Wen Peng took the French and Chinese seals, added new ideas, and the seal carving was extremely profound, and he wrote the "History of Printing", which was praised by the Wu people as "the ancestor of the Indian family". In the Ming and Qing dynasties, Suzhou was famous for its seal carvings, including Wen Jia, Wang Pet, Zhou Lianggong, Wu Dacheng, Yao Meng, Shi Yunyu, Ye Gui, etc., all of whom could be far away from the Qin and Han Dynasties, close to Master Wen Peng, with a style of charm and elegance, elegance and charm, and became a major faction in the seal carving industry. Nowadays, Suzhou is good at this way and inherits and carries forward the tradition of Wu seal carving, and has become a mass cultural activity, organizing the Eastern Wu Seal Society.
Wen Peng-Qin qiao song playing with cranes
Lingao - Biyun Pavilion
Wang Guan - Good Way
2． Emblem faction
3． Yangzhou pie
In the Qing Dynasty, they were collectively known as the seal carvers Wang Guan, Lin Gao, and Shen Shihe as the "Yangzhou School". Wang Guan seal carving to the Han seal as the method, good use of the punching knife, the knife method is neat and stable, the layout is symmetrical and round, sometimes the square is in the circle, the spirit is graceful, and the essence of the Han seal is deep. Its seal style is quiet and luxurious, with a bookish atmosphere. He can also engrave jade seals and copper seals, and there are not many works passed down. Wang Guan, because of his home in Loudong, also has the title of Loudong Sect. In the early Qing Dynasty, the seal carvings of Lin Gao and Shen Shihe were deeply influenced by him. In the early Qing Dynasty, Lin Gao, a native of Putian, Fujian, was a famous seal engraver at that time, and his style was influenced by Wang Guan, especially known for his stable work and vigor. After he moved to Changshu, Jiangsu Province, he had many contacts with the famous scholars and painters in Yushan and Loudong at that time, such as Wang Huang, Wu Li, Yun Shouping, Yang Jin, and Xu Qianxue. Its seal engraving style is known as the "Lin Pai". Shen Shihe in the early Qing Dynasty, Zi Shimin, Changshu, Jiangsu. Works, paintings, and engravings are especially three folds of humerus. A national treasure as a sect, driving the knife like a pen, so it can be famous for a while.
Lingao - Biwu Cuizhu Mountain House
Wang Guan - Wang Guan private seal
4． Shepai
The founder of the She school was Cheng Yi. Cheng Yi is a native of Shexian County, Anhui Province. He is good at the study of golden stone research. The seal carving knife method is dignified and full of penmanship. Zhu Wenxi entered the seal with a large seal, and his face was new; Bai Wen was deeply rooted in the Law, especially conveying the gods. Cheng Yichu Emperor Wen Peng and He Zhen, after setting up their own portals, were good at using large and small seals and Zhong Ding models to enter the seal, especially thanks to Qin Zhuwen, but unfortunately the meaning of the six books of the text could not be carefully examined, and the seal law was sometimes perverse. Among the scholars of the Cheng clan were Ba Weizu, Hu Tang, and Wang Zhaoyi, who were collectively known as the "Four Sons of She" (歙四子) along with Cheng Yi. Cheng's seal carving style had a certain influence on the baishan people who followed it. Because Cheng was a native of Shexian County, it was called "Shepai". In addition, there are Huang Lü, Huang Zongji, Tang Yi, Cheng Wanlun, Cheng Jinbo, jiang Gong, Jiang Deliang father and son, and pass on the Cheng family fire. Along with Ba Weizu and Hu Tang, there were also Dong Xun and Wang Sheng, who specialized in the Qin and Han seals, and formed a team of their own, then known as "Dong Ba Hu Wang". The Sons of the She Sect are good at imitating the ancient with the shibuki knife, and the style is simple and ancient, which has a great influence on the creation of the seal carving knife method.
Cheng Yi - Yu Li Clan
Ba Wei Zu - Lower Riba people
Hu Tang - Chengdong Fourteen Lang
5． Cloud faction
One of the schools of seal engraving. "Yunjian" is another name for Songjiang, the birthplace of Shanghai's history and culture, Songjiang was called Songjiang Fu in ancient times, also known as "Huating" or "Yunjian", and it has also been a place where literati gathered throughout the ages. The great painters and painters of the Ming Dynasty, Dong Qichang and Chen Jiru, were both born in Songjiang. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, Songjiang and Suzhou have been closely related in terms of geography, culture and economy, and the seal engraving customs of the late Ming Dynasty have also spread rapidly, giving birth to influential Benyi seal engravers and printers such as Chen Juchang, Yang Shixiu, Lu Jin, and Ge Qian. After entering the Qing Dynasty, Songjiang Province ruled over vast areas such as Huating, Nanhui, Fengxian, Jinshan, and Qingpu, and the Indian community called the Songjiang Indian group that appeared during the Kangxi to Qianlong period "Yunjian School", and its main authors were Wang Ruizhang, Wang Yuru, and Ju Luhou. Yunjian sect ruled the Seal Patriarchal Song Yuanren, and the works were rigid and unintended, more than beautiful, and insufficient ancient meaning. As a regional school of seal carving, the "Yunjian School" represents the initial level of seal carving creation in Shanghai, reflecting the aesthetic taste of the people of the time, and it lays an immortal fire for the prosperity of The Seal Carving of the Shanghai School in the future.
Ju Lu Hou - Bao Xuan character born mountain
Wang Ruizhang - Drunken Love Residence
Wang Yuru - small bridge flowing water people
6． Zhejiang faction
Ding Jing - Upper and lower Diaoyu Mountain people
Jiang Ren - auspicious stops
Huang Yi - sell paintings to buy mountains
Shioka - Sanki
Chen Yuzhong - Kuaiqingge
Chen Hongshou - a disciple of the Lotus Sect
Zhao Zhichen - Chivalrous Zen Heart
Qian Song - Wang's eight points
7． Deng Pai
8． Yishan Pie
One of the schools of seal engraving. The KaiyiShan sect was Huang Shiling. Late Qing Dynasty Huang Shiling, character Mufu, Yizuo Mufu, Mu Father, nicknamed Yishanren, Tired Sorcerer and so on. A native of Yixian County, Anhui Province, he later lived in Guangzhou, was good at calligraphy and painting, especially fine seal carving, and was listed as the four masters of the late Qing Dynasty seal altar. His seal is engraved outside the two schools of Anhui and Zhejiang, another way, no knocking on the edge, no hitting the horn, no embellishment, specializing in the thin blade to pursue the original face of the Han seal smooth and beautiful, showing the spirit of the new Han seal as complete as the new One, thus forming his kind of engraving style of dry and right in the middle of the flow, quite energetic and elegant engraving style. His engraving method pays great attention to the density, interspersing and variation, and many of his prints appear to be ingenious and interesting. He also expanded the scope of capital for seal engraving, whether it is Yiding, Quanliang, Zhaoban, Quan coin, Jing inscription, ancient pottery, brick and tile, stone carvings can be smelted into his own seal. Many of his works have the flavor of Ding Yi, Jing Ming and other words, which seem ordinary and endlessly changeable, and can be unique when the Huipai seal carving is exhausted, and it is outstanding. His side section is also unique, with a single knife to imitate the Six Dynasties inscription, the side paragraph is timeless, and the taste of Han mo is very strong. Because he lived in Guangzhou for a long time, he had a great influence on the development of Lingnan seal carving. Known as the "Cantonese school". Because the Huang clan was originally from Yi County, Anhui, it was also called the "Yishan Sect". It influenced a large number of calligraphy and painting masters such as Yi Dachang, Qiao Dazhuang, Wang Fu'an, Li Yinsang, and even Qi Baishi, so that the Huipai seal carving moved to the third climax period.
Huang Mufu - Instrument Father
Huang Mufu - Sixteen Golden Runes
Huang Mufu - Qi Ya LouYin
9． Wu Pai
Wu Changshuo - Elder Wu
Wu Changshuo - Wu Junqing
Wu Changshuo - a native of Xiling Printing Agency
10． Yushan Sect
The origin of the Yushan seal engraving can be traced back to Miao Zhen in the Yuan Dynasty, inheriting the Yuan Zhu Wenyin pioneered by Zhao Mengfu, and the Ming Dynasty took GeShan as the most important book. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, represented by the Yi people Shen He, Lin Gao, and Wang Jin, Lin Gao was the most famous. The pioneering generation of Printing Style, known as the Yushan School, is seen in the Indian altar and is recognized by the Printing Arts Forest at that time. The art of seal engraving of the Yushan school is more closely integrated with Chinese painting and calligraphy. Its main achievement is to actively draw nourishment from the calligraphy art of cultural relics such as oracle bones, zhong ding, stone drums, small seals, fences, sealing mud, Jin bricks, Qin and Han wadang, etc., blend together, constantly innovate, enrich its own development, and gradually become a characteristic form of Chinese printing art, and the inheritance is endless. In modern times, there has been a giant Zhao Shi in the Changshu Seal Altar, who has been taught by Wu Changshuo and has won its essence. However, he learned Wu without being confined, transformed from the teacher's inheritance, took its essence in the various family seals, absorbed various artistic nutrients, and in his later years, he highlighted the sealing of the mud all the way, creating a unique "Zhao School" printing style, which was sometimes called the "Xinyushan School". Its chapter method is different from its ingenuity, the word method is from the circle to the square, and the knife method is more honest and powerful, and it is known in the world, which has profound artistic charm and profound literary and artistic research value. His student Deng Sanmu spread the Yushan sect's seal style to Shanghai, Beijing, northeast China and other places, and spread it deeply and widely. The Yushan Indian school not only spread to Chinese mainland, but also spread to Countries such as Japan and South Korea and to Taiwan, Hong Kong and other regions, and became famous at home and abroad.
Zhao Shi-Pine Fossil Chamber
Zhao Shi - Bamboo Forest Elite House
11． Qi Pai