Preface
After the Jin Kingdom was destroyed, how tragic the ending was, it was even more embarrassing than the shame of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty. The nobles were directly treated as prostitutes, and even the queen could not avoid the dilemma of being tortured, how desolate was the Jin Kingdom at that time?
The Jin State rose and the Northern Song Dynasty fell in humiliation
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the economic and military strength of the Jin Kingdom grew rapidly, and the national strength became increasingly prosperous. Under the influence of the system of the central Han dynasty, the Jin monarch and his subjects had the ambition to expand southward and recreate the prosperity of the great unification. Therefore, the monarch of the Jin State united with his ministers and actively prepared for war, intending to annex the northern grasslands and invade the territory of the Northern Song Dynasty in the south.
At this time in the Northern Song Dynasty, the emperor was mediocre, extravagant and decadent, and the border air defense was weak. The Jin Kingdom took the opportunity to launch several small-scale battles and won many battles. The Northern Song Dynasty repeatedly sued for peace, promising land and wealth in exchange for peace on the border. However, these concessions are seen as a sign of cowardice and incompetence, which will only provoke greater blackmail and encroachment on the Jin State.
Finally, the Jin State found an opportunity to launch a decisive battle when the Northern Song Dynasty was weak. They quickly captured Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured the two emperors of the Northern Song Dynasty, Huizong and Xuanzong, as well as hundreds of civil and military officials. Jianyan's southern crossing marked the end of the grand situation of the Northern Song Dynasty. At this time, the vast Han ruled areas in the north fell, and hundreds of millions of Northern Song Dynasty people became vassals under the rule of the Jin state.
The Northern Song Dynasty emperor and the old and young were exiled to the hinterland of the Jin Kingdom in large numbers, struggling to survive. Many of them died on the road from wind, frost, rain, snow, disease, and the devastation of the officers and soldiers of the Jin State. Those who barely reached the hinterland of the Jin Kingdom could only barely survive. The young and beautiful woman was used as a concubine by the nobles of the Jin State, and the civil and military generals were reduced to slaves. The shame of the Northern Song Dynasty far exceeded the difficulty of Jingkang before. This terrible historical tragedy of the double blow of national destruction and personal destruction has become a sea of blood and hatred in the hearts of the remnants of the Northern Song Dynasty and the people of the Southern Song Dynasty.
The Southern Song Dynasty was established, and the Jin oppression was still there
Subsequently, the remnants of the Northern Song Dynasty established the Southern Song Dynasty regime in the south of the Yangtze River, and had the intention of reviving the Central Plains with the intention of the Northern Expedition. However, in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the state was relatively weak, and it was difficult for the economy and military strength to inherit the complete foundation of the Northern Song Dynasty. In addition, the Jin State occupied the entire territory of North China, which was impregnable. The government of the Southern Song Dynasty realized that if it acted rashly, it would be difficult to protect the foundation of the Southern Song Dynasty.
As a result, the Southern Song Dynasty has always maintained a defensive attitude in the war against Jin, and did not dare to move the army north. The Jin State took the opportunity to frequently invade the borders of the Southern Song Dynasty and launched many large-scale raids, robbing the Southern Song Dynasty of wealth and population resources. Under the continuous pressure of the Jin State, the economy of the Southern Song Dynasty was in a long-term decline, and it was difficult to substantially improve its military strength.
However, the Southern Song Dynasty emperor and his subjects all had a strong desire to recover the Central Plains and avenge the shame. They understood that if they could not hit the Jin State hard, the Southern Song Dynasty would be destroyed. They can only hope that one day they will regain their strength and make a northern expedition to the Jin Kingdom to avenge the martyrdom of the Northern Song Dynasty and the people who lost their homes.
Mongolia was harassed, and Mongolia had a deep resentment
At the same time, on the Mongolian plateau, Genghis Khan, after unifying the Mongol tribes, gradually established a Mongol empire that spread throughout Asia and Europe. However, the years of war have greatly damaged the vitality of the Mongol tribes, and also intensified the contradictions and differences between the tribes. As Mongolia needed a long time to regain its strength, its external expansion came to a standstill for the time being.
Seeing the opportunity, the Jin State began to harass the Mongolian border frequently. The Jin army burned, killed and looted, seeking population wealth. He also sent troops to infiltrate the Mongolian hinterland and instigated the Mongol pro-Jin forces to launch a rebellion, intending to bring Mongolia back under the rule of the Jin state. These atrocities infuriated the Mongol tribes, who began to unite to gather strength and prepare for a counterattack against the Jin state.
After more than a decade of recovery and development, Mongolia has regained a strong military power. At this time, the Mongolian high-level had already decided that the Jin State must be destroyed first. As a result, the Mongol army began to take the initiative and attacked the fortresses of Jinguo towns on a large scale. The two armies fought fiercely on the border, and the fighting between Jinmeng lasted for several years.
In the end, the Mongol army won a major victory and repelled the Jin army. However, due to the strategic needs of attacking cities and seizing land, it was difficult for the Mongol army to be stationed in the hinterland of the Jin Kingdom for a long time. So the two sides fell into a stalemate. Mongolia coveted the wealth of the people and resources of the Golden State and vowed to swallow it up completely.
The Mongol and Song alliances and swears to destroy the gold
At this time, the country of Jin, which was on the verge of extinction, was in urgent need of foreign aid. They decided to unite other forces hostile to Mongolia against the Mongol invasion. The Jin delegation went to the Southern Song Dynasty, hoping that the Southern Song Dynasty would suspend the Northern Expedition and resist Mongolia together. However, this just angered the Southern Song court. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Southern Song Dynasty emperors and subjects have never let go of the great cause of the Northern Expedition and the shame of the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty. Now the Jin State is overwhelmed, and even wants the Southern Song Dynasty to submit to its command and join forces with it to fight against Mongolia. This is undoubtedly an insult to the dignity of the Southern Song Dynasty.
So the Southern Song Dynasty court resolutely decided to stand on the same front as Mongolia. They took the initiative to send envoys and conclude a military alliance with the Mongols. The north and the south agreed that the coalition forces would launch a flanking attack on the Jin State in two ways. The Southern Song army marched north from the Yangtze River valley to respond, while the Mongol army marched from north to south, directly into the hinterland of the Jin Kingdom. In the end, he met under the city of Bianjing and eliminated the Jin State in one fell swoop.
The Jin Dynasty collapsed, and the country was ruined
The coalition forces soon gained a comprehensive advantage on the battlefield, and the Jin State was over. On the Southern Song side, due to the deep hatred accumulated over the years, it was particularly active in the main battle. After several battles, the Southern Song Dynasty forbidden army captured the main force of the Jin army. Seeing that the general trend had gone, the Jin defenders of the Central Plains cities abandoned the cities and fled, and the whole line was defeated, and they fell into the hands of the Southern Song Dynasty for a while. At this time, the Mongolian iron cavalry also broke into the defense line of the Southern Song Dynasty army, and the momentum was like a bamboo, and it went straight to the capital of the Jin Kingdom.
In this way, under the attack of the North-South coalition forces on both sides, this once powerful dynasty that swept through the north collapsed. The monarch and royal family of the Jin Kingdom were captured and killed, and all the courtiers and nobles died in the rebellion.
For a time, the capital of the Jin Kingdom was full of scenes of palace burning, slaughter and wailing, and death and despair filled the land. The last remaining women and children were also taken into slavery. A mighty nation collapsed and disappeared between heaven and earth.
Such a tragic and devastating ending is the evil result determined by the history of the founding of the Jin Kingdom at the beginning of its founding. They stepped on the heads of the people of the Northern Song Dynasty and established their own kingdom and glory. The end of all the suffering today is nothing but the result of vengeance for the blood and tears of those who remained. The wheel of history moves forward, fate makes people, and I hope that this cruel history will not be repeated in this hot land.
epilogue
Looking back at this painful history, we can't help but think deeply. The Jin Kingdom's inflated ambition and domineering at the beginning were tantamount to digging their own graves. But it is also worth reflecting on whether the suffering of other nations can be used to celebrate or glorify the victory of one's own nation.
The suffering of life is innocent, regardless of borders and ethnicity. Justice should not be based on the suffering of others. When we question a nation for its crimes, we should also examine whether we harbor prejudice and hatred in our hearts. Because the moral high ground never needs to shed the blood and tears of others as a footnote.
The grievances and grievances between ethnic groups are entangled, and it is difficult to sort out the long history. However, although history cannot be restored, reality still has the possibility of change. The only way to end the cycle of tragedy is through the exchange and understanding of different ethnic groups. No matter where you and I come from, we will all have to face the same peaceful tomorrow in the end.