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When it comes to the "Four Famous Buildings", many people know that the Four Famous Buildings are the general name for the four most famous pavilions in ancient China. However, there are two theories about these four famous buildings, one is that it is the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Hubei, the Tengwang Pavilion in Nanchang, Jiangxi, the Yueyang Tower in Yueyang, Hunan, and the Penglai Pavilion in Yantai, Shandong, and the other is that the Tengwang Pavilion has been replaced by the Stork Tower in Yongji, Shanxi. As for which four are exactly, there is no dispute about the first three, and the last one is at dispute, and this has not been conclusive.
In fact, it is said that it is a famous building in ancient China, but for various reasons, many of them have not been preserved, and there are historic sites in these five famous buildings, and there are also newly built ones, so do you know which ones are historic sites and which ones are newly built? Let's take a look at them one by one.
1. Yellow Crane Tower
"The old man left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and the fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March.
The lonely sail is far away and the blue sky is endless, and only the Yangtze River skyline can be seen. ”
The Yellow Crane Tower, located on the top of Wuchang Snake Mountain on the south bank of the Changjiang River in Wuhan, Hubei Province, has the reputation of "the first floor in the world". The Yellow Crane Tower is mainly famous all over the world because of the poem of the Tang Dynasty poet Cui Hao, "The people of the past have taken the Yellow Crane to go, and the Yellow Crane Tower is vacant here", and many literati and writers such as Li Bai have left poems here. The Yellow Crane Tower can be said to have been repeatedly destroyed and built in history, the last time it was destroyed in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, and it was not rebuilt until the founding of New China. It was not until 1985 that the Yellow Crane Tower was rebuilt and opened to the public, and the newly renovated Yellow Crane Tower has become a landmark building in Wuhan City. It is called "the three famous buildings in Wuhan" together with Qingchuan Pavilion and Guqintai, and is called "the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River" together with Yueyang Tower in Hunan and Tengwang Pavilion in Jiangxi. Therefore, the Yellow Crane Tower is not a monument, it was rebuilt in the past 40 years.
Second, Tengwang Pavilion
"King Teng's high pavilion is in Jiangzhu, and Pei Yuming Luan sings and dances.
The painting building flies to the south of the clouds, and the bead curtain rolls up in the west mountain rain at dusk. ”
Tengwang Pavilion, located on the bank of the Ganjiang River in Donghu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, is a landmark building in Nanchang City. It was built in the fourth year of Tang Yonghui, and was repaired by Li Yuanying, the younger brother of Li Shimin, Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, so it was named Tengwang Pavilion, and later became famous all over the world for the "Preface to the Pavilion of King Teng" made by Wang Bo, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Like the Yellow Crane Tower, the Tengwang Pavilion was also repeatedly built and destroyed in history, and the last time it was rebuilt was in the Qing Xuantong period, and then it was destroyed again. The current building of Tengwang Pavilion began in 1985 and was completed in 1989. The newly built Tengwang Pavilion, the main building is as high as 57.5 meters, the main pavilion adopts the form of "three bright and seven dark", the outside looks like a three-storey corridor with a cloister, in fact, there are seven floors inside, the main body is an imitation of the Song Dynasty style, and has the reputation of "the first floor of Xijiang". Therefore, King Teng's Pavilion is not a monument, it is newly built.
3. Yueyang Building
"Yueyang upstairs on the sun-level window, the shadow to the deep pool of red jade.
Looking forward to the remnants of spring, the water of the lake flows into the Xijiang River. ”
Yueyang Tower, located in Yueyang Building District, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, close to Dongting Lake, the geographical position is very superior, there is a saying of "looking down at Dongting, looking at Jun Mountain in front". Yueyang Tower was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty in the 20th year of Jian'an, at first it was the "Parade Tower", which was built by Lusu. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Yueyang Tower became famous all over the world because of Fan Zhongyan's "The Story of Yueyang Tower". Yueyang Tower, like the two famous buildings mentioned earlier, has also been repeatedly destroyed and built in the past dynasties. The current building was restored in 1983, although it is not the original appearance of Yueyang Tower, but it follows the shape and pattern of the six years of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, and maintains the original structure, and completely uses the original materials of the ancient building to build. The existing main building is about 20 meters high, divided into three floors altogether, the cornice, the Ruyi dougong, the helmet top, although not as tall as the Yellow Crane Tower and the Tengwang Pavilion, but the building body is an all-wood structure, it appears the most simple in the "three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River". In January 1988, Yueyang Tower was announced by the State Council as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units. On the whole, Yueyang Tower can be regarded as a historic site.
Fourth, Penglai Pavilion
"Your Excellency Penglai opened in the evening, and the tired guests sat in the cool and did not return.
The birds can't stop the rain rushing, and sometimes the dragon rises and brings the tide. ”
Penglai Pavilion, located in the beautiful coastal city of Yantai City, Shandong Province, is famous all over the world for the wonder of "mirage" and the mythical story of "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea", and is known as "the first pavilion in Jiangbei". It was built in the Jiayou period of the Northern Song Dynasty, although it has been repaired in successive dynasties, but it has not undergone reconstruction, so the main building still maintains the original appearance of the Northern Song Dynasty. The entire Penglai Pavilion ancient building complex has undergone the reconstruction and expansion of the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, and finally formed the current pattern. Today's Penglai Pavilion ancient building complex is a building complex composed of Baiyun Palace Sanqing Palace, Lu Zu Palace, Su Gong Temple, Tianhou Temple, Dragon King Palace, Penglai Pavilion main building, Mida Temple, etc., which are collectively called Penglai Pavilion. In 1982, Penglai Pavilion was listed as the second batch of national key cultural relics protection units, which shows that Penglai Pavilion is a historic site.
5. Stork Tower
"At the end of the day, the Yellow River flows into the sea.
If you want to be poor, go to the next level. ”
Stork Tower, located in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, was built in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, because there are often storks inhabit the upper floors and get the name, because Wang Zhilian's "Climbing the Stork Tower" is famous all over the world. It is a pity that it was burned down in the first year of Jin Yuanguang, and for more than 700 years, the stork tower has not been rebuilt, and only the ruins remain. Later, due to the diversion of the Yellow River, the stork tower could not even find the ruins. Later, in 1997, the local government decided to rebuild the Stork Tower by the Yellow River outside the west gate of Puzhou Old Town, which took five years to complete. After the reconstruction, the stork tower is an imitation Tang Dynasty building, with four eaves and three floors, with a total height of 73.9 meters, which is the highest one among the five famous buildings. Therefore, the Stork Tower was rebuilt in the past 30 years and is not a monument.
After reading the above introduction, everyone knows that among the five most famous buildings in China, only Penglai Pavilion and Yueyang Tower are historic sites, and the other three are not.