The State Council: It is strictly forbidden to increase steel production capacity and strictly and reasonably control the total coal consumption

According to the Chinese government website, the State Council issued a notice on the issuance of the "Action Plan for Continuous Improvement of Air Quality".

Action Plan for Continuous Improvement of Air Quality

This action plan is formulated in order to continue to fight the battle to defend the blue sky, effectively protect the health of the people, and promote high-quality economic development with continuous improvement of air quality.

1. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, implement the deployment of the National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, and work together to promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, Growth, with the improvement of air quality as the core, to reduce the heavy pollution weather and solve the outstanding atmospheric environmental problems around the people as the focus, to reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as the main line, vigorously promote the reduction of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs); Green and low-carbon transformation of transportation, strengthen non-point source pollution control, strengthen source prevention and control, accelerate the formation of green and low-carbon production and lifestyle, and achieve a win-win situation of environmental, economic and social benefits.

(2) Key areas

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas. Including Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Handan, Xingtai, Baoding, Cangzhou, Langfang, Hengshui City, Xiong'an New Area and Xinji and Dingzhou City in Hebei Province, Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, Dongying, Weifang, Jining, Tai'an, Rizhao, Linyi, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou, Heze City in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Anyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Puyang, Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia, Shangqiu, Zhoukou City and Jiyuan City in Henan Province.

Yangtze River Delta region. Including Shanghai, Jiangsu Province, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Huainan, Ma'anshan, Huaibei, Chuzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou, Lu'an, Bozhou in Anhui Province.

Fenwei Plain. Including Taiyuan, Yangquan, Changzhi, Jincheng, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, Linfen, Luliang City in Shanxi Province, Xi'an, Tongchuan, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan City in Shaanxi Province, Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone, Hancheng City.

(3) Target indicators. By 2025, PM2.5 concentrations in cities at and above the prefecture level will be reduced by 10% compared with 2020, the proportion of days with severe pollution and above will be controlled within 1%, and the total emissions of nitrogen oxides and VOCs will be reduced by more than 10% compared with 2020. PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas and the Fenwei Plain decreased by 20% and 15% respectively, and PM2.5 concentrations in the Yangtze River Delta region generally reached the standard, and Beijing controlled it within 32 micrograms per cubic meter.

2. Optimize the industrial structure and promote the green upgrading of industrial products

(4) Resolutely curb the blind launch of high-energy-consuming, high-emission, and low-level projects. The new reconstruction and expansion project strictly implements the relevant requirements of national industrial planning, industrial policy, ecological environment zoning control plan, planning environmental assessment, project environmental impact assessment, energy conservation review, capacity replacement, total control of key pollutants, reduction of pollutant discharge areas, and carbon emission peak goals, and adopts clean transportation methods in principle. For projects involving capacity replacement, new projects can only be put into operation after the replaced capacity and its supporting facilities are shut down.

It is strictly forbidden to add new steel production capacity. Promote the integrated layout of steel, coking and sintering, greatly reduce the number of independent coking, sintering, pelletizing and hot rolling enterprises and processes, eliminate backward coal washing capacity, and orderly guide the transformation of blast furnace-converter long-process steelmaking to electric furnace short-process steelmaking. By 2025, short-process steelmaking will account for 15% of production. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas continue to implement "steel-based coking", and the ratio of coking capacity to long-process steelmaking capacity is controlled at about 0.4.

(5) Accelerate the withdrawal from backward production capacity in key industries. Revise the "Catalogue for the Guidance of Industrial Structure Adjustment", and study the inclusion of processes and equipment whose pollutant or greenhouse gas emissions are significantly higher than the industry average level, and whose energy efficiency and cleaner production levels are low into the elimination and restriction lists. In key areas, we will further improve the requirements for energy consumption, environmental protection, quality, safety, and technology of backward production capacity, and gradually withdraw the processes and equipment of restricted gas-related industries; and gradually phase out step-by-step sintering machines and pellet shaft furnaces, as well as semi-enclosed silicon-manganese alloys, ferronickel, high-carbon ferrochrome, and high-carbon ferromanganese electric furnaces. Guide the orderly adjustment and optimization of steel, coking, electrolytic aluminum and other industries in key areas.

(6) Comprehensively carry out the upgrading and transformation of traditional industrial clusters. Cities with a concentration of small and medium-sized traditional manufacturing enterprises should formulate development plans for gas-related industrial clusters, strictly examine and approve projects, and strictly prevent pollution from going to the countryside. Formulate special rectification plans for existing industrial clusters, eliminate and shut down a batch in accordance with the law, relocate a batch into the park, transform a batch on the spot, and make a batch better and stronger. All localities should combine the characteristics of industrial clusters and build centralized heating centers, centralized spraying centers, centralized organic solvent recovery and disposal centers, and activated carbon centralized regeneration centers according to local conditions.

(7) Optimize the structure of raw and auxiliary materials and products containing VOCs. Strictly control the production and use of high VOCs content coatings, inks, adhesives, cleaning agents and other construction projects, and increase the proportion of low (no) VOCs content products. Implement source substitution projects, and increase the substitution of raw and auxiliary materials with low (no) VOCs content in industrial coating, packaging and printing and electronics industries. Promote the use of low-(no-) VOCs content paints for the protection of outdoor structures and urban road traffic signs. In the production, sales, import, use and other aspects of strict implementation of VOCs content limit standards.

(8) Promote the healthy development of the green environmental protection industry. Increase policy support, and support the cultivation of a number of leading enterprises in the fields of production and use of raw and auxiliary materials with low (no) VOCs content, VOCs pollution control, ultra-low emissions, and environmental and atmospheric composition monitoring. Take multiple measures to control the chaos of low-price, low-quality bidding in the field of environmental protection, create a fair competition environment, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the industry.

3. Optimize the energy structure and accelerate the development of clean, low-carbon and efficient energy

(9) Vigorously develop new and clean energy. By 2025, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach about 20%, and the proportion of electricity in final energy consumption will reach about 30%. We will continue to increase the production and supply of natural gas, and give priority to ensuring the needs of residents and clean heating.

(10) Strictly and reasonably control the total amount of coal consumption. On the premise of ensuring the security of energy supply, the total coal consumption control will continue to be implemented in key areas. By 2025, coal consumption in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas and the Yangtze River Delta region will drop by about 10% and 5% respectively compared with 2020, and coal consumption in the Fenwei Plain will achieve negative growth, focusing on reducing non-power coal. For new coal-using projects in key areas, the same amount or reduced amount of coal shall be substituted in accordance with the law, and the imperfect alternatives shall not be approved; the use of highly polluting fuels such as petroleum coke, coke, and coke shall not be used as a substitute measure for coal reduction. Improve the alternative management methods for coal consumption reduction in key areas, and coal gangue and raw material coal will not be included in the total coal consumption assessment。 In principle, no new self-provided coal-fired units will be added, and clean energy substitution will be supported for self-provided coal-fired units. Coal-fired power projects that support stable power supply, safe operation of power grids, and large-scale grid-connected consumption of clean energy and their coal consumption should be reasonably guaranteed。

(11) Actively carry out the shutdown and integration of coal-fired boilers. All localities should incorporate coal-fired heating boiler substitution projects into urban heating planning. In principle, no new coal-fired boilers of 35 steam tons/hour or below will be built in the built-up areas of cities at or above the county level, and no new coal-fired boilers other than central heating will be built in key areas. Accelerate the construction of thermal pipe networks, rely on power plants and large industrial enterprises to carry out long-distance heating demonstrations, and eliminate coal-fired boilers and loose coal within the coverage of the pipe network. By 2025, coal-fired boilers of 10 steam tons per hour and below will be basically eliminated in cities where PM2.5 does not meet the standard, and coal-fired boilers of 35 steam tons per hour and below will be basically eliminated in key areas, as well as coal-fired facilities such as tea boilers, operating stoves, grain storage and drying equipment, and agricultural product processing, and the heating capacity of cogeneration power plants of 300,000 kilowatts and above will be fully utilized, and coal-fired boilers and backward coal-fired small thermal power units (including self-supplied power plants) within a heating radius of 30 kilometers will be shut down or integrated.

(12) Implement clean energy substitution for industrial furnaces. Promote the replacement of coal with electricity in an orderly manner, and actively and steadily promote the replacement of coal with gas. No new fuel-based gas generators will be added in key areas, and clean and low-carbon energy will be used in newly renovated and expanded heating furnaces, heat treatment furnaces, drying furnaces, and melting furnaces; industrial furnaces using highly polluting fuels will be safely and steadily replaced by amateur heat, electric energy, and natural gas; fuel-based gas generators shall be replaced by clean energy, or centralized gas supply and decentralized use in parks (clusters) shall be adopted according to local conditions; fixed-bed intermittent gas generators will be phased out.

(13) Continue to promote clean heating in the northern region. Promote clean heating in the northern region in accordance with local conditions to ensure that the people are warm in winter. We will intensify the substitution of loose coal for civil and agricultural use, basically clear the loose coal in the plain areas of key areas, and gradually promote the clean energy substitution of loose coal in mountainous areas. Cities included in the scope of clean heating in the northern region supported by the central government will complete the transformation task with quality and quantity, among which the "coal-to-gas" should be implemented as a gas source for fixed reform. Comprehensively improve the energy efficiency level of buildings, and accelerate the energy-saving renovation of existing farmhouses. In accordance with the law, all localities will designate areas where the overall clean heating transformation has been completed as high-polluting fuel ban zones to prevent the re-burning of loose coal. For areas where clean heating has not yet been implemented, strengthen the supervision of commercial coal quality.

Fourth, optimize the transportation structure and vigorously develop a green transportation system

(14) Continue to optimize and adjust the structure of cargo transportation. Medium and long-distance transportation of bulk goods is preferentially transported by railway and waterway, and closed belt corridors or new energy vehicles and ships are preferentially used for short-distance transportation. Explore clean transportation as the focus of review and supervision of new reconstruction and expansion projects in industries such as coal mines, iron and steel, thermal power, nonferrous metals, coking, and coal chemical industries. Municipalities and provincial capitals in key areas adopt the logistics mode of "external collection and internal distribution" such as road-rail combined transport. By 2025, the freight volume of railways and waterways will increase by about 10% and 12% respectively compared with 2020, the proportion of coal and coke transported by rail will reach 90% in the medium and long-distance transportation (transportation distance of more than 500 kilometers) in the main coal producing areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mengxi, and the proportion of clean transportation (including new energy vehicles) such as iron ore and coke in key areas and major coastal ports in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will strive to reach 80%.

Strengthen the construction of special railway lines and intermodal transport connection facilities, give full play to the efficiency of existing lines, and in principle plan and construct inbound railways in important port areas when building new container and bulk dry bulk cargo operation areas, and expand the railway transportation capacity of existing operation areas. Carry out cargo-worthy transformation of urban railway stations in key areas. New and relocated logistics parks, industrial and mining enterprises and coal storage bases with an annual bulk cargo volume of more than 1.5 million tons shall be connected to special railway lines or pipelines in principle. Strengthen measures such as land and sea use, acceptance and operation, capacity allocation, and railway freight rates.

(15) Accelerate the improvement of the level of cleanliness of motor vehicles. The proportion of new energy vehicles in the public sector in key areas shall not be less than 80% of the new or updated buses, taxis, urban logistics and distribution, light sanitation and other vehicles, and the elimination of gas trucks using lean combustion technology will be accelerated. Promote Shanxi Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Shaanxi Province to build a leading area for clean transportation, and cultivate a number of clean transportation enterprises. Promote new energy medium and heavy trucks in thermal power, steel, coal, coking, nonferrous metals, cement and other industries and logistics parks, and develop zero-emission freight fleets. By 2025, the coverage rate of fast charging stations in high-speed service areas in key areas will not be less than 80%, and in other areas it will not be less than 60%.

Strengthen the supervision and random inspection of new production trucks to achieve full coverage of the family. Strengthen road inspections, road inspections and home inspections for heavy goods vehicles. Fully implement the vehicle emission inspection and maintenance system and the motor vehicle emission recall system, and strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of annual inspection agencies. Cities in key regions are encouraged to carry out fuel evaporative emission control testing.

(16) Strengthen the comprehensive management of non-road mobile sources. Accelerate the renewal and transformation of new energy vehicles and machinery in railway freight yards, logistics parks, ports, airports, and industrial and mining enterprises. Promote the development of new energy and clean energy ships, and increase the utilization rate of shore power. Vigorously promote the elimination of old railway locomotives, and encourage the central city railway yards and coal, steel, metallurgy and other industries to promote new energy railway equipment. By 2025, the phenomenon of "black smoke" from non-road mobile machinery, ships and railway locomotives in key areas will be basically eliminated, and non-road mobile machinery with emission standards of the first stage and below will be basically eliminated, and the utilization rate of bridge power will reach more than 95% at airports with an annual passenger throughput of more than 5 million passengers.

(17) Comprehensively guarantee the quality of refined oil. Strengthen the supervision of the whole process of oil import, production, storage, sales, transportation and use, comprehensively clean up and rectify self-built oil tanks, mobile fuel trucks (ships) and black refueling stations, and resolutely crack down on the sale of non-standard oil products as engine fuel. Increase the frequency of diesel sampling in trucks, non-road mobile machinery, and ship fuel tanks, trace the source of clues found, and strictly investigate the main responsibilities of relevant production, sales, and transportation.

5. Strengthen the control of non-point source pollution and improve the level of refined management

(18) Deepen the comprehensive control of dust pollution. Encourage the installation of video surveillance on construction sites of 5,000 square meters or more in economically developed areas and access to local supervision platforms; The cost of preventing and controlling dust pollution will be included in the project cost. By 2025, prefabricated buildings will account for 30% of the new construction area, and the mechanized road cleaning rate in the built-up areas of cities at and above the prefecture level will reach about 80%, and the county town will reach about 70%. Investigate and file the bare land in the city and take dust prevention measures. The material storage yard of the city's large-scale coal, ore and other dry bulk terminals has basically completed the construction of dust suppression facilities and the closed transformation of the material conveying system.

(19) Promote the comprehensive improvement of the mine ecological environment. In principle, new mines should be built simultaneously with special railway lines or other clean transportation methods. By 2025, no new open-pit mines will be built in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas in principle (except for key mining areas determined by the provincial mineral resources plan or underground mining methods that are not suitable for safety demonstration). Mines that still fail to meet the standards for rectification within a time limit shall be closed in accordance with the requirements of safe production, soil and water conservation, and ecological environment.

(20) Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of straw and ban burning. Improve the standardization and standardization level of straw returning. Improve the straw collection, storage and transportation service system, enhance the industrialization capacity, and improve the efficiency of leaving the field. The comprehensive utilization rate of straw in China is stable at more than 86%. All localities should make specific provisions on the scope of straw burning ban in light of the actual situation, and accurately divide it. Open burning of straw is prohibited in key areas. Satellite remote sensing, high-definition video surveillance, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and other means are comprehensively used to improve the accuracy of monitoring the fire point of straw burning. Improve the grid supervision system, give full play to the role of grassroots organizations, and carry out special inspections during key periods of straw burning.

6. Strengthen the emission reduction of multiple pollutants and effectively reduce the emission intensity

(21) Strengthen the comprehensive management of the whole process and all links of VOCs. Encourage tanks to use low-leakage breathing valves, emergency pressure relief valves, and carry out regular leak testing. The use of sealed quick couplings is widely used in automobile tankers. The high-concentration organic waste gas in the sewage treatment site should be collected and treated separately, and the organic waste gas containing VOCs in the organic wastewater storage tank and the collection well (pool) in the installation area should be collected and treated in a closed manner. Cities and key industrial parks with concentrated petrochemical and chemical industries in key areas will establish a unified leak detection and repair information management platform by the end of 2024. During the shutdown, inspection and maintenance of the enterprise, the VOCs waste gas generated by the return, cleaning, purging and other operations shall be collected and processed in a timely manner. Enterprises shall not use flare burning devices as daily air pollution treatment facilities.

(22) Promote in-depth pollution control in key industries. Promote the ultra-low emission transformation of key industries such as steel, cement, and coking and coal-fired boilers with high quality. By 2025, more than 80% of the country's steel production capacity will complete the ultra-low emission transformation task, and all key areas will achieve ultra-low emission in the steel industry, and the ultra-low emission transformation of coal-fired boilers will be basically completed.

Ensure that industrial enterprises fully and stably meet the emission standards. Promote the in-depth governance of glass, lime, mineral wool, non-ferrous metals and other industries. Comprehensively carry out the investigation of simple and inefficient pollution control facilities in boilers and industrial furnaces, and implement classified disposal through clean energy substitution, upgrading, integration and withdrawal. Promote the transformation of low-nitrogen combustion of gas boilers. The biomass boiler adopts a special boiler, supporting high-efficiency dust removal facilities such as cloth bags, and it is forbidden to mix with coal, domestic garbage and other materials. Promote the integration of small biomass boilers, and actively guide the ultra-low emission transformation of biomass boilers (including electricity) in urban built-up areas. Strengthen the operation and maintenance of pollution control facilities to reduce emissions under abnormal working conditions. Key gas-related enterprises will gradually cancel the bypass of flue gas and VOCs-containing exhaust gas, and if it cannot be canceled due to the needs of safe production, install an online monitoring system and backup disposal facilities.

(23) Carry out special treatment of catering fumes, odors and peculiar smells. Strictly manage the layout of catering service units near residential buildings. The building of the catering service unit shall be designed and constructed with a special flue. Promote the implementation of third-party operation and maintenance management and online monitoring of governance facilities in areas with the capacity. Strengthen investigation and rectification of the problem of disturbing the people with strong odors and pews that are reflected by the masses, and industrial parks and key enterprises with concentrated complaints should install and operate online monitoring systems. All localities should strengthen the linkage of departments, and solve the problem of oil smoke and foul odor disturbing the people in accordance with local conditions.

(24) Steadily promote the prevention and control of atmospheric ammonia pollution. Carry out pilot projects for the control of atmospheric ammonia emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas. Promote the technology of mechanical deep application of nitrogen fertilizer and low-protein diet. Study odor control measures such as ammonia in livestock and poultry farms, encourage the closed management of pigs, chickens and other enclosures, support the closure of manure transportation, storage and treatment facilities, and strengthen the collection and treatment of waste gas. By 2025, the total atmospheric ammonia emissions from large-scale livestock and poultry farms in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas will be reduced by 5% compared with 2020. Strengthen the control of atmospheric ammonia emissions from nitrogen fertilizer, soda ash and other industries, and strengthen the prevention and control of desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas.

7. Strengthen the construction of mechanisms and improve the atmospheric environment management system

(25) Implement urban air quality compliance management. Municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities divided into districts that do not meet air quality standards shall prepare and implement plans for meeting air quality standards within a time limit, clarify the roadmap and key tasks for meeting standards, and disclose them to the public. Promote coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone. In 2020, cities with PM2.5 concentrations below 40 micrograms per cubic meter achieved compliance during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and other cities that did not meet the target set air quality improvement targets during the 14th Five-Year Plan. Cities that have met the standards have consolidated and improved air quality.

(26) Improve regional coordination mechanisms for the prevention and control of air pollution. The state will coordinate and promote the joint prevention and control of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, and continue to give play to the role of the Yangtze River Delta region and the Fenwei Plain. The state has strengthened guidance on air pollution prevention and control cooperation in the Chengdu-Chongqing region, the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the northeast region, and the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, and has made the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area a pilot demonstration area for air quality improvement. Provincial-level governments are to strengthen joint prevention and control within their respective administrative regions. Cities and counties in inter-provincial border areas are encouraged to actively carry out joint prevention and control, and promote joint and cross-law enforcement. For new projects in key gas-related industries within 20 kilometers on both sides of the provincial border, as well as new elevated source projects that have a great impact on air quality in the downwind direction, the relevant provinces should carry out EIA consistency consultations.

(27) Improve mechanisms for responding to heavily polluted weather. Establish and improve the emergency response plan system for heavy pollution weather at the provincial, municipal and county levels, clarify the division of responsibilities of local government departments at all levels, and standardize the work process for initiating, responding to, and lifting heavy pollution weather early warnings. Optimize the activation criteria for heavy pollution weather warnings. Improve the performance grading index system of enterprises in key industries, standardize the management process of enterprise performance grading, and encourage the implementation of performance level improvement actions. Combined with the pollutant discharge permit system, ensure that the emergency emission reduction list covers all gas-related enterprises. Cities located in the same area should follow the regional early warning information and simultaneously employ emergency response measures in accordance with laws and regulations.

8. Strengthen capacity building and strictly supervise law enforcement

(28) Improve the ability to monitor and control the atmospheric environment. Improve the urban air quality monitoring network, basically achieve full coverage of the county, and strengthen data networking and sharing. Improve the sand and dust investigation and monitoring system, and strengthen the construction of meteorological and air quality monitoring networks in sand source areas and sand and dust path areas. Cities in key regions have strengthened the monitoring of the atmospheric environment at airports, ports, railway freight yards, logistics parks, industrial parks, industrial clusters, highways, etc. Cities at and above the prefecture level should carry out monitoring of non-methane total hydrocarbons, and photochemical monitoring should be carried out in key areas, Chengdu-Chongqing region, urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and other cities with high VOCs emissions. Monitoring of particulate matter components will continue in key areas and other cities where PM2.5 standards are not met. Strengthen the capacity building of a series of satellites for atmospheric environment monitoring, aviation, ground-based and other remote sensing. Improve the air quality grading forecasting system and strengthen the construction of regional forecasting centers. Carry out sand and dust storm monitoring, forecasting and early warning services and technology research and development in Asia. The monitoring and analysis of sand and dust source spectrum was carried out in the sand and dust path area, and the analysis of sand and dust sources was carried out in Beijing, and the amount of sand and dust and the effectiveness of sand fixation and detention in various places were evaluated.

The ecological and environmental departments of cities at and above the prefecture level regularly update the list of key pollutant discharge units in the atmospheric environment to ensure full coverage of eligible enterprises. Promote the installation of enterprise monitoring of working conditions, electricity (energy) monitoring, video surveillance, etc. Strengthen the capacity building of environmental supervision of mobile sources, and build remote online monitoring platforms for heavy-duty diesel vehicles and non-road mobile machinery in the state and key regional provinces.

(29) Strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of the atmospheric environment. Expand the application of off-site supervision methods. Strengthen the supervision of the operation of automatic monitoring equipment for pollution sources to ensure the quality and stable transmission of monitoring data. Improve the law enforcement and monitoring capabilities of ecological and environmental departments at all levels, and cities and counties in key areas will speed up the deployment of infrared thermal imagers, portable hydrogen flame ion detectors, handheld photoionization detectors and other equipment. Strengthen supervision and law enforcement in key areas, pursue the responsibility of pollutant discharging units and third-party institutions and personnel involved in fraud in accordance with the law, and transfer those suspected of committing crimes to the judicial organs in accordance with the law.

(30) Strengthen scientific and technological support for decision-making. Research on low-concentration, large-airflow, small- and medium-sized VOCs emission pollution control technologies to improve the effect and stability of key functional adsorption catalytic materials of VOCs. Research on the path of clean energy substitution and terminal treatment of different types of industrial furnaces, and develop technologies and equipment such as multi-pollutant system treatment, low-temperature denitrification, and precise regulation of ammonia escape. Promote the identification of odor-causing substances, odor pollution assessment and traceability technology and method research. Carry out research on the occurrence and development mechanism of sand and dust weather processes. By 2025, cities at and above the prefecture level will complete the compilation of emission inventories, and cities in key regions will be updated year by year.

9. Improve the system of laws, regulations and standards, and improve environmental and economic policies

(31) Promote the formulation and revision of laws and regulations. Study and initiate the revision of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law. Study and revise the Cleaner Production Promotion Law, and clarify the legal responsibility of enterprises for using raw and auxiliary materials with low (no) VOCs content. Research and formulate management measures for the prevention and control of pollution from mobile sources.

(32) Improve the system of environmental standards and technical specifications. Initiate research on the revision of ambient air quality standards and related technical specifications. Research and formulate mandatory national standards for VOCs content limits such as coating agents, polyurethane resins, household detergents, and insecticidal aerosols, establish a labeling system for products with low (no) VOCs content, formulate technical requirements for activated carbon for organic waste gas treatment, and accelerate the improvement of air pollutant emission standards and energy consumption standards in key industries and fields. Research and formulate the next stage of motor vehicle emission standards, and carry out research on oil quality standards in the new stage. Research and formulate mandatory national standards for the quality of biomass pellet fuel products and the emission of pollutants from railway diesel locomotives. Encourage localities to set stricter environmental standards.

(33) Improve the incentive and restraint mechanism for prices, taxes and fees. Implement the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price policy, and promote the reform of sales electricity prices. Strengthen the coordination of price policies with industrial and environmental protection policies, comprehensively consider energy consumption and environmental protection performance levels, and improve the tiered electricity price system for high-energy-consuming industries. Implement supportive electricity price policies for shore-based power supply at ports, and promote the reduction of service fees for shore power use. Encourage all localities to give active support to the charging of buses and trams in new energy cities. We will study and improve the "coal-to-electricity" conversion for clean heating and the peak-to-valley electricity price system for heating electricity sales, reduce the level of urban gas transmission and distribution, reasonably formulate and strictly supervise the price of gas transmission and distribution, establish and improve the linkage mechanism between terminal sales prices and procurement prices, and implement the policy of clean heating prices. Improve the flexible adjustment mechanism of railway freight rates, standardize railway freight miscellaneous charges, study and implement the "fixed price" charging policy, and widely adopt the "volume and price mutual insurance" agreement transportation mode. Improve the environmental protection tax collection system, and accelerate the inclusion of VOCs in the scope of collection.

(34) Actively play the role of fiscal and financial guidance. The scope of central financial support for clean heating in the northern region will be expanded in an orderly manner, and coordinated projects for pollution reduction and carbon reduction will be favored. In accordance with the market-oriented approach, we will increase credit financing support in the fields of upgrading traditional industries and clusters, industrial pollution control, construction of special railway lines, and promotion of new energy railway equipment, and guide social capital investment. Carry out green finance evaluation of banking financial institutions as required, and attract long-term institutional investors to invest in green financial products. Actively support qualified enterprises and financial institutions to issue green bonds, carry out green bond credit ratings, and improve the level of information disclosure of green bonds.

10. Implement the responsibilities of all parties and carry out national actions

(35) Strengthen organizational leadership. Adhere to and strengthen the party's overall leadership over the prevention and control of air pollution. Local governments at all levels are responsible for the overall responsibility for air quality within their respective administrative areas, and organize the formulation of local implementation plans. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment should strengthen overall planning and coordination, and do a good job in scheduling and assessment. The relevant departments of the State Council should coordinate and cooperate in the implementation of the division of tasks, and take into account the need for continuous improvement of air quality when introducing policies.

(36) Strictly supervise and evaluate. The completion of air quality improvement goals should be regarded as an important part of the evaluation of the effectiveness of pollution prevention and control. Incentives will be given to areas that exceed their targets; punishments will be imposed on areas that have not fulfilled their targets in terms of fund allocation, project approval, honors and commendations, and accountability; and special inspections will be organized and carried out in light of the situation in areas with outstanding problems. Organize supervision and assistance in key areas.

(37) Promote information disclosure. Strengthen the disclosure of ambient air quality information. Include the fraudulent conduct of pollutant discharging units and third-party governance, operation and maintenance, and testing establishments in their credit records, and periodically announce it to the public in accordance with law. Key pollutant dischargers shall promptly publish information on self-monitoring and pollution discharge data, pollution control measures, penalties for environmental protection violations, and rectification. Manufacturers and importers of motor vehicles and non-road mobile machinery shall disclose environmental protection information such as emission inspection and pollution control technology in accordance with the law.

(38) Strengthen publicity and guidance and international cooperation. Widely publicize and interpret relevant policies and measures, vigorously popularize the basic concepts and knowledge of atmospheric environment and health, and improve citizens' awareness of atmospheric environmental protection and health literacy. Strengthen international cooperation on atmospheric environment management and desertification prevention and control. Promote China's air pollution control technology and experience, practical technologies and models for desertification prevention and control, and tell the story of China's ecological and environmental protection.

(39) Implement national action. Mobilize all sectors of society to participate in the protection of the atmospheric environment. The government has taken the lead in green procurement, using products with low (no) VOCs content across the board. Improve the reward mechanism for whistleblowing, and encourage the public to actively provide clues on environmental violations. Central enterprises take the lead in guiding green production and promoting pollution control and emission reduction. Strengthen citizens' awareness of the environment, promote the formation of a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyle, and jointly improve air quality.