In the "History of Liao," "Chronicles of the Khitan Kingdom," "History of Goryeo," "Old History of the Bohai Sea," and other historical materials, the historical events of the "Tieli Kingdom" are all unequivocally recorded, and there is absolutely no mention of the Tieli Division, the Tieli Mansion, the Tieli Prefecture, and the Tieli County! It is only in the works after the Qing Dynasty that the phenomenon of Tieli being confused with Tieli appears. Although Tieli and Tieli have similar pronunciations, they are fundamentally different.
骊,音(lí),音同离。 利,音(lì),音同力。
The Tieli Kingdom is supposed to have appeared after 723 AD
The place of the kingdom of Tieli (723-1114) coincides with the place of Gudamalo (Dou Molou, c. 506-723 AD). In 723 A.D., the two countries of Da Mo Lou and Da Ji also went to the Tang Dynasty for the last time to pay tribute. This period was the time when the great martial arts king of the Bohai State "reprimanded the great Tuyu, and the Haibei Zhuyi feared the ministers" ("New Tang Dynasty Book" Bohai Biography). At that time, the Bohai State mainly attacked the Black Water Turtle and the northern countries, and the place of Damalu was one of the territories of the Black Water Turtle, and it was bound to be impacted. At this time, the Tieli and Vieki Taya, which were established in the south around 670 A.D., and the Silla Empire, which had been established for about 500 years on the peninsula, were not attacked. In the following period, Tieli also sent envoys to the Tang Dynasty, Japan and other countries as usual.
The once powerful Black Water Turtle was defeated by the Bohai Turtle and had to shrink its national strength. As a result, the kingdom of Damo Lou, which was covered by the black water descent, mutated and gave rise to the Tieli Kingdom. Jin Yuhuang and others said: Tieli "went north" after being taken back by the Bohai Sea, but did not say where the "north" went. According to a number of historical materials, Tieli was only included in the Bohai State after 810 A.D. by the Bohai State "to Tieli's hometown as the Tieli Mansion, and to the six states of Guangzhou, Fen, Pu, Hai, Yi and Gui". Around 723, when the Tieli Kingdom appeared on the north bank of the Songhua River, Tieli was still a very stable independent country, and there was no factor of emigration! The appearance of Tieli did not have any basis for moving in from the outside in any historical materials, so it cannot be considered that Tieli was a migrating nation!
Tie Li,
It was the Tieli Kingdom established in the area of the Taizi River in the south after the destruction of the original Baishan Jin in Guryeo, around 670 AD. In the "New Tang Dynasty Book", there are two legends of the Yan Dynasty and the Bohai Sea: In the war between the Tang Dynasty and the Juli, the main ones who "entered the Tang Dynasty" were the Baishan Yan and so on, and these people established the Tieli Kingdom in Dangshan County, the original Juli Kingdom. He made 15 Tang envoys between 714 and 740. Both the history of Japan and the history of Goryeo include Tieri's mission to Japan in 746 and 779 and his struggle with the Balhae Kingdom for the throne. It shows that before 779, the Tieli Kingdom could not be included in the Bohai State and was independent.
After 819 (the period of the Bohai King Da Renxiu's "opening the great realm"), it was the period when Tieli was subsumed into the Bohai Sea. During this period, Dae In-su did not attack Heishui Jin, but mainly conquered Silla and other countries south of the Songhua River and along the Yarook River.
"New Tang Dynasty Book" volume 219, column 144, Bohai biography: Bohai State "takes Tieli's hometown as Tielifu, and leads Guang, Fen, Pu, Hai, Yi, and Gui to six states." "This has determined the location of Tieli Province, and the six states are all in the former Tieli Kingdom. Among them, the name of Guangzhou existed long before the emergence of the Bohai Kingdom, and it was not the Bohai Kingdom that began to have this name!
"New Tang Dynasty Book" volume 220, column 145, Goguryeo biography: "The emperor's edict to Guangzhou Sima Changsun Shi Lin Sui Shi Zhan Gizzard, destroyed the Jingguan established by Goguryeo. "This is what Tang Taizong did when he was alive. Guangzhou has existed in eastern Liaodong in the late period of Juli and Tieli Kingdom. At this time, when the remains of the soldiers of the Sui Dynasty were buried, the Bohai Kingdom had not yet obtained the Tieli Kingdom and built the Tieli Mansion. By the time Tieli Mansion was built, it must still be the original administrative structure, so Guangzhou continued to become the Guangzhou of Tieli Mansion.
The other five states of Tieli Province can also be confirmed to be in the Taizihe region of Liaodong. As:
Pu River, "Yuan Tongzhi" contains: "Pu River is on Shenyang Road, the source of the Tieli Country Pu Valley, flowing through the Pu Rice Field, hence the name. "The location of the Puhe River determines the location of Puzhou.
"History of Liao, Volume 38, Zhi VIII, Geography II" contains: "Returning to Zhou, observing, Taizu Ping Bohai, to reduce the household, after the abolition, in the twenty-ninth year of Tonghe (AD 1011) to attack Goryeo, to capture the Bohai household to replace, the military affairs belong to the Southern Jurchen Tanghe Division."
In the "Qing Dynasty Unification Chronicles", it is said: "The Tang River is fifty-two miles southeast of Liaoyang Mansion (now Liaoyang), the source of the watershed, and the north flows into the Taizi River."
And so on, it is completely possible to confirm the location of Tieli's hometown, Bohai Tieli Mansion. (Please refer to "Tieli Basic Information" for details)
In the "Long Chronicles of the Bohai Kingdom", there is: "(Bohai) after King Xuan (819 AD) set up Tieli Mansion in his land, and the people of the tribe went north", some people explained that Tieli was the name of the country after the Tieli people went north. If so, it also proves that Tieli and Tieli are already two different countries! "Merging the land to set up the Tieli Mansion" proves that the Bohai Tieli Mansion is in the place of the former Tieli Kingdom. "Beijiao" first shows that Tieli is located in the south of Tieli. In addition, is it part or all of it? Is it a self-directed expedition or a northward expedition of the Bohai Kingdom? Where did the "expedition to the north" go? Why is there no historical record of such a big move? Obviously, there is no historical basis for this statement, and this statement is a speculation by Jin Yuhuang and should not be the basis for modern people! In any historical classics and historical materials, there is no record of Tieli moving in or out, and besides, the place of Tieli has been inhabited since history, and there are organs for exercising state rights, such as Suoli and Dou Molou. Especially during the period when the Tieli Kingdom appeared, there were the original Dou Molou people, the Yan Ya people, the Guryeo relics, the Murwei people, the Jurchen people, etc. Suppose that a group of Tieli people really moved in, and they could independently build the country and govern those locals? Is the idea of Jin Yuhuang and others too simple?
Before 916 AD, the Khitans obtained the Tieli Mansion of the Bohai State as an administrative defense of the Tieli Prefecture in the Khitan country, and ten years later, in 926 AD, the Khitans subjugated the Tieli State as a vassal state, and the Tieli State exercised the administrative rights of the state. These two consecutive historical events are enough to prove that Tieli and Tieli are not the same thing!
Comparison of the basic situation of the Tieli Kingdom and the Tieli Ministry
Tie Li, also called Tie Li ("History of Liao", etc.). It has been on the north side of the east section of the Songhua River and the south side of the Heilongjiang River.
"Khitan National Chronicles, Volume 22.4 to the Neighboring States" says that the Liao State, "is due to the northeast to the Tieli country." More than 5,000 miles from the southwest to Shangjing." He also said, "The second northeast reaches the kingdom of Jin." It is bordered by Tieli in the northeast, and 5,000 miles from Shangjing in the southwest." He also said: "Once again, the north is far away, and the country is happy to be lost." More than 4,000 miles from the southwest to Shangjing". This "Shangjing" is located in the area of the Bahrain Left Banner in Inner Mongolia, and its "li" is the measurement method of northeast China in ancient times, and one mile is equivalent to more than 300 meters now.
In the "History of Liao", there are many records of the Tieli Kingdom, and the words "Tieli Kingdom" are clearly written. In addition, the Liao State at that time had a "Tieli Army Detailed Stability Division" in Huanglong Mansion, indicating that Tieli was adjacent to the jurisdiction of Liao Huanglong Mansion, and Liao Huanglong Mansion was near Jilin City, Jilin Province.
Tieli, also called Tieli ("History of Liao"). It is in the area of the Taizi River in the east of the Liao River.
"History of Liao, Volume 60, Zhi 29, Food and Goods Chronicles" contains: "At the beginning of the Divine Book (916 AD), Ping Bohai, Guangzhou, this Bohai Tieli Mansion, changed to Tieli Prefecture, and the land is also more iron." Volume 38 of the same book, Chronicle 8, Geography 2: "Guangzhou, defense, Xiangping County of Han Dynasty, Dangshan County of Goryeo, and Tieli County of Bohai. The military of this place belongs to the Tanghe Military Division of the Liao State, and it is not in the same "military region" as the Huanglong Mansion
In "Khitan National Chronicles, Volume 22, Observation and Defense Regiment Training", Guangzhou is one of the eight observation and defense regiment training envoys established by the Liao State.
When he was in Bohai State, Tieli had jurisdiction over six prefectures: Guangzhou, Puzhou, Fenzhou, Haizhou, Yizhou, and Guizhou. These six prefectures are all in the area of the Taizi River in present-day Liaoning Province.
It's clear,. The experiences and origins of the two are different, and the geographical location is different, but they are both products of the same period.
Tie Li, formerly known as Dou Mo Lou Kingdom, is a descendant of the Fuyu people and the Suoli people, and belongs to the Hui system. The Dou Mo Lou Kingdom was restricted due to the invasion and occupation of the Black Water Spirit, and later it was re-established because the Black Water Turtle was expelled from the Bohai State and was named the Tieli Kingdom.
Tieli is a country established by the Baishan Yan Ya who "entered the Tang Dynasty" after the destruction of the Juryeo Kingdom by the Tang Dynasty and went south to occupy the land of the original Jureo. It is the descendant of Beji and Yilou, and it belongs to the Xi (Su) Shen system, which is different from the origin of the Tieli people.
In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the Bohai State was strong, and Tieli was taken over by the Bohai State and became one of the 15 prefectures of the Bohai State. However, Tieli is two different countries with the Bohai State bounded by the Songhua River, and the two countries are separated from each other by the north and south.
Later, Tieli Province was occupied as a state by the Liao State, and finally changed to Guangzhou. At this time, Tieli had always been an independent state attached to the Liao State in the form of a state
During the Song and Liao periods, the Tieli Kingdom was bounded by the Songhua River, and was separated from the southwest and northeast of the Liao (Khitan) Kingdom. Tieli, on the other hand, has always been the local administrative body in Liao.
Comparison of Tieli and Tieli situation
After 723 A.D. (the first year of Tang Kai), Tieli founded a country in the north of the Songhua River on the basis of the original Dou Molou. At this time, Tieli was still in the form of a state, coexisting with Tieli and Tieli.
Around 810 A.D. (during the reign of Tang Yuanhe), Tieli was destroyed and included in the Bohai Kingdom, with 6 prefectures under its jurisdiction: Guangzhou, Fenzhou, Puzhou, Haizhou, Yizhou, and Guizhou. At this time, the Bohai Tieli Mansion and the Tieli Kingdom existed at the same time.
In 916 AD, the Bohai State was invaded by the Liao State, and the Tieli Mansion belonged to the Liao State, and the Liao Taizu changed the Bohai Tieli Mansion to the Tieli Prefecture of the Liao State. Tieli is still an independent country, and it exists at the same time as Tieli Prefecture.
In January 926, the Liao State destroyed the Bohai State. In February, the Tieli (Li) State and Goryeo and other countries returned to the Liao State together and became a vassal state of Liao. At this time, Tieli State and Tieli Prefecture of Liao State existed at the same time.
In 990 AD, during the reign of Liao Shengzong, the Liao State revoked Tieli Prefecture. From then on, only Tie left the country, and there was no longer the name Tieli.
In 1017 AD, the Liao State established the Liao State of Guangzhou in the place of the original Tieli Prefecture. From now on, it was called Guangzhou, and there was no such name as Tieli.
In 1114 AD, Tieli was subsumed into the Jurchens, and the following year he and the Jurchens jointly built the "Great Golden Kingdom". And Guangzhou was occupied by the Jin State in 1118.
Tieli (li) and tieli (li) have existed at the same time for hundreds of years, but they are by no means the same concept.